| 0 | Ames 35657 | McIntosh Fen | Salix serissima (L. H. Bailey) Fernald | South Dakota, United States | NC7 |  | | 2021 | COLLECTED | 03/19/2021 | Black Hills National Forest McIntosh Fen located approximately 2.50 miles northwest of Deerfield Reservoir on west side of Deerfield Road, low gradient area of Castle Creek, T1N R2E SW1/4 SE1/4 Sec. 23 and also SE1/4 NW1/4 Sec. 23 | 44.02485000, -103.84238200 | 1821 | Remnant wetland fen. High with peat and organic matter | Wild material | Salix serissima (autumn willow) is a boreal species and an obligate wetland species with a concentrated abundance and distribution in the northeastern portions of the U.S. and in Canada from Newfoundland to British Columbia and south to New Jersey, Illinois, and Colorado (Hornbeck et al. 2003 and Decker 2006). Disjunct populations occur in Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and South Dakota. Only two populations occur on Black Hills National Forest lands: a large population at McIntosh Fen (Pennington County) and a small population on Middle Boxelder Creek (Lawrence County) (Hornbeck et al. 2003). This species gets its name from the late dispersal of its seeds ocurring from June through October. Salix serissima can grow to 4-5 m tall, but more typically < 3 m. Identifying morphological characteristics include brownish-yellow, glossy stems with dark green, shiny leaves that are ellpitic/lanceolate in shape with minutely toothed margins and distinguished glands on the petiole near the base of the leaf blade. Genetics from this population originate from McIntosh Fen in the Black Hills of South Dakota where only four occurrences are known in the state (Hornbeck et al. 2003). This site has historical significance tracing back to an expedition in 1874 led by Lt. Colonel George Armstrong Custer, where N.H. Winchell (faculty member at the University of Minnesota) took a photo of McIntosh Fen (see image in accession summary). Winchell served as a geologist resulting in the production of the first geological map of the Black Hills in addition to a listing of tree and shrub species noted. The name McIntosh Fen was derived from botanical work by Arthur C. McIntosh describing the fen community in 1924 as a "sedge moor", inhabited by autumn willow, sage willow, and numerous other disjunct wetland species. His work (McIntosh 1931) included sections on geology, soils, climate, paleobotany and ecology and most notably a checklist of the vascular plants totalling 1300 species (Gabel et al. 2015). The plant community described by McIntosh (1931) included a more extensive list of species than what exists at McIntosh Fen today (Hornbeck et al. 2003) and the specimen collected (McIntosh #1158 collected on 23 August 1928 (NA Herbarium)) was annotated by Carleton R. Ball as "1st record for South Dakota". | 2113452 | Ames 35657 |