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"[Australian navel orange] has been used indiscriminately to designate several navel orange types, all of which are very vigorous, upright growers, but shy bearers of rough, coarse fruits. The name was first applied unwittingly to a navel orange introduced from Australia which supposedly was the superior Brazilian orange that we now know as the Washington navel. Owing to the vigorous tree growth of these worthless strains, they were unintentionally propagated extensively before methods of bud selection based on fruit character and yield were introduced." (Webber, 1943, p 526-527)

"In general, the fruits are smaller than Washington, flatter in form, and sometimes broadly pointed at the apex. The navel is smaller and more deeply embedded, and the rind is thicker and rougher. The flesh is softer in texture and commonly juicier than Washington, and the season of maturity is considerably later, the flavor remaining tart until late in the season...The origin of this type of navel orange is obscure, but it is known to have gone from Brazil to Australia, from whence it was probably taken to California and South Africa. It may have originated in Brazil, as did the Washington variety, but it seems more likely to have been taken to Brazil from Portugal where a navel orange variety has long existed (Risso and Poiteau, 1818-22)." (Hodgson, 1967)

(RRK, 08/2007)

This probably is pure Mexican lime. (EM Nauer, 01/14/1988)

Appears to be another Mexican lime duplicate. (EM Nauer, 10/1988)

Note received date refers to date that this was propagated from Field 21D to Field 18B. Incorporated into NCGRCD holdings at time of establishment in 1988. This has insufficient passport data and appears to be just another Mexican iime, probably a seedling of another accession. We already have several other Mexican limes and PI 539151 (RCRC 1710) is the one usually distributed as an indicator. Therefore, this accession is inactivated. (RR Krueger, 05/16/2011)

View information and fotos of this accession from the University of California, Riverside Citrus Variety Collection.

Dr Bitters says of this cultivar: "In Japan - Kabosu is grown on a small commercial scale - and is used as a condiment - like lemon juice would be here in Calif. - Maybe some orientals would be interested in it. EMN comment: Let's fruit it here in Riverside before putting it into the field at Lindcove. (EM Nauer, 08/1989)

According to Abkenar and Isshiki (2003), 'Kabosu' originated as a spontaneous mutation of standard 'Yuzu' in the Oita Prefecture of Japan. The green-stage fruits have been used as acid citrus for flavoring in cooking and this has resulted in the creation of a small local citrus industry. RAPD markers were able to distinguish 'Kabosu' from various other 'Yuzu'-like fruits but did not provide any further insights into its origins. (RR Krueger, 12/19/2010)

Information on 'Kabosu' from the UC Riverside Citrus Variety Collection.

Budded trees being grown for the variety collection by [RK Soost]. Trees in lathhouse B may be this accession and/or CRC 3789. This accession and CRC 3789 are not the same. See note dated 01/18/1989 on CRC 3789 accession card. (EM Nauer, ca 1989)

There are currently two accessions of F hindsii maintained at Riverside, PI 539723 and PI 539724. PI 539723 has traditionally been stated to be 2N and associated with the 'Golden bean' kumquat, whereas PI 539724 has been stated to be 4N and associated with the 'Hong Kong wild' kumquat. The two genotypes are compared in Swingle (1943), pp 349-353, and its revision as Swingle and Reece (1967), pp 333-335. Although Swingle (1943) has more information on these genotypes than does Swingle and Reece (1967), the later is more easily accessible (including an online version) and has most of the pertinent information. See also the information in Hodgson (1967), pp 582-583. It does appear that the received wisdom regarding the ploidy levels is probably incorrect. A letter from the late Prof RK Soost to the donor of PI 539723, Mr William Chapman, dated 07/12/1977 states "I finally have definitive chromosome counts on the F hindsi seedlings...from seed you supplied in 1975...confirming the somatic (diploid) count of 2n = 18. A separate letter from Prof Soost to the donor of PI 539724, Dr Bruce Bartholomew, states: "At long last we got some definitive chromosome counts on the Fortunella hindsii seedlings that I obtained from you in January 1978...The chromosome number of both seedlings is clearly 2n=18." Thus, it appears that both F hindsii accessions are diploid (although this should be confirmed again after over 30 years). In this case, apparently both PI 539723 and PI 539724 would correspond to Swingle's F hindsii var Chintou. In contrast to Swingle's statements in the above sources, Prof Soost states in the letter to Mr Chapman: "I suspect that the basic chromosome number...is 2n = 18, just like all other citrus and related genera...[t]he tetraploid would be the derived type...a tetraploid was either collected by chance of the tetraploid may be established as a cultivar in China. It's hard to believe that the tetraploid would be growing as a wild plant (as described by Swingle), in preference to the diploid." (RR Krueger, 12/21/2010)

CRC 3789 and 3790 compared. 3789 tree is much smaller and less vigorous growing. Leaves slightly smaller and tend to drop more readily, making small orange fruits appear more prominent. Fruits about the size of Severinia buxifolia fruits, larger on 3789 than 3790. Non-edible fruit is mostly seeds - 2 or 3 in each. (EM Nauer, 01/18/1989)

There are currently two accessions of F hindsii maintained at Riverside, PI 539723 and PI 539724. PI 539723 has traditionally been stated to be 2N and associated with the 'Golden bean' kumquat, whereas PI 539724 has been stated to be 4N and associated with the 'Hong Kong wild' kumquat. The two genotypes are compared in Swingle (1943), pp 349-353, and its revision as Swingle and Reece (1967), pp 333-335. Although Swingle (1943) has more information on these genotypes than does Swingle and Reece (1967), the later is more easily accessible (including an online version) and has most of the pertinent information. See also the information in Hodgson (1967), pp 582-583. It does appear that the received wisdom regarding the ploidy levels is probably incorrect. A letter from the late Prof RK Soost to the donor of PI 539723, Mr William Chapman, dated 07/12/1977 states "I finally have definitive chromosome counts on the F hindsi seedlings...from seed you supplied in 1975...confirming the somatic (diploid) count of 2n = 18. A separate letter from Prof Soost to the donor of PI 539724, Dr Bruce Bartholomew, states: "At long last we got some definitive chromosome counts on the Fortunella hindsii seedlings that I obtained from you in January 1978...The chromosome number of both seedlings is clearly 2n=18." Thus, it appears that both F hindsii accessions are diploid (although this should be confirmed again after over 30 years). In this case, apparently both PI 539723 and PI 539724 would correspond to Swingle's F hindsii var Chintou. In contrast to Swingle's statements in the above sources, Prof Soost states in the letter to Mr Chapman: "I suspect that the basic chromosome number...is 2n = 18, just like all other citrus and related genera...[t]he tetraploid would be the derived type...a tetraploid was either collected by chance of the tetraploid may be established as a cultivar in China. It's hard to believe that the tetraploid would be growing as a wild plant (as described by Swingle), in preference to the diploid." (RR Krueger, 12/21/2010)

Information on 'Golden Bean' kumquat from the UC Riverside Citrus Variety Collection.

"The old Carney Grove on Lake Weir near Ocklawaha, where the Parson Brown was first propagated, was still in 1932 mainaly comprosed of this variety, but the trees were killed to the ground in the freeze of 1894-1895 and had been rebudded on sprouts from the base. Most of the propagations of this variety have been taken from the Carney grove." (Webber, 1943, p 506-507)

"It is widely planted in Florida and is grown to some extent in Texas, Arizona, and Louisiana. It has been introduced and tested in most citrus sections of the world but is not an importantvariety anywhere outside the United States. It hasnot proved successful in California, where the Washington Navel matures at the same time and produces a superior fruit in size, quality, and seelessness." "Before 1920, this was the leading early season orange cultivar but it has been largely replaced by Hamlin because of Parson Brown's seediness and lower yields." (Jackson and Davies, 1999, pp 75-76)

"Its popularity in Florida continues to diminish as it has for many years and in its place Roble is the preferred growers' choice. It has never achieved any significant importance in any other citrus industry as a dual purpose variety, as did Hamlin, because of its seediness and fruit size." (Saunt, 2000, p 28)

"Fruit medium-large, globose; base with short, radial furrows; areole indistinct; moderately seedy. Well-colored under favorable conditions. Rind medium-thick; surface finely pitted and moderately pebbled. Flesh color dull orange; firm, juicy; well-flavored. Very early in maturity, possibly the eaerliest. Tree vigorous, large, and productive." (Hodgson, 1967, p 449)

"...matures during October to December. Fruit has 10-20 seeds and a thick, lsightly pebbled peel, which loses the green color very slowly. The quality is moderate, and the juice color superior to Hamlin, although many purport that juice color is superior to that of Hamlin. Parson Brown is used for processing." (Jackson and Davies, 1999, pp 75-76)

"It matures in October and November in Florida. The flesh and juice are not well coloured [sic] compared with latr varieties such as Pineapple and Valencia. However, it is sweet and well flavoured [sic] and the juice content is high." (Saunt, 2000, p 28)

"A typical mid-season seedy sweet orange that is seedier than most sweets in the collection." (EM Nauer, 02/08/1988)

(Compiled by RR Krueger, 08/27/2009)

Lue Gim Gong is described in TCI, Vol. I, pp 460: "This so-called Florida variety in all respects is indistinguishable from Valencia. In all probability, it represents a nucellar clonal budline of that variety and hence should be called Lue Gim Gong Valencia." Fruit compared to Olinda Valencia: Appears very similar if not identical. (EM Nauer, 06/1989)

The early history of 'Lue Gim Gong' is given in Glen Saint Mary Nurseries Co (1911) and Taylor and Gould (1913) (Note: Links to references are in the Citations). More biographical information on Mr. Lue is available from Wikipedia and West Volusia Historical Society. The early history of 'Lue Gim Gong' was filled with excitement and promise. Glen Saint Mary Nurseries Co (1911) stated that "The fruit has been known to hang on the trees, two, three and even four years in an edible state. There is no question but that this variety marks the beginning of a new era in late orange culture." This same reference makes note that 'Lue Gim Gong' won the Silver Wilder Medal in 1911, the first (and only) citrus fruit to do so. (Note: the only other citrus-related recipient is HB Frost in 1966.) Note, however, the comment made two years later.

Alas, the bloom was soon off the rose (or the orange blossom, as the case may be) for 'Lue Gim Gong'. By 1943, Webber (1943) stated that "The fruits not only are late but it is asserted that they may be held on the tree for several seasons. In California they drop little if held beyond their season of maturing, but apparently they dry out and deteriorateas rapidly as do Valencia...Lue Gim Gong is planted to some extent in Florida but there is no indication that it is superseding the Valencia...". By 1967, as noted by Hodgson (1967), it was "still planted to a limited extent in Florida".

Currently, 'Lue Gim Gong' is little planted in Florida (or anywhere else). According to Michael Kesinger, Chief of the Florida DPI Citrus Budwood Program (personal communication, 07/08/2008): "No Lue Gim Gong propagations have been made in the last five years. I did notice in 1996-1997 that 370 trees were propagated in Florida. We never considered Lue Gim Gong to differ much in maturity from normal Valencia lines. I recollect 20 years ago, a larger citrus grower tracking maturity data on Lue Gim Gong and Pope Oranges and I believe their conclusion was that there was no appreciable difference from regular Valencias. We have one registered selection at our new Chiefland greenhouses: LUE GIM GONG F-53-18."

Extensive descriptions of 'Lue Gim Gong' are available in Taylor and Gould (1913) and Webber (1943). Images are avalilable from the UC Riverside Citrus Variety Collection. (RR Krueger, 07/2008)

This is a parent of Melogold and Oroblanco. It is described in The Citrus Industry, Vol I, pp 539. It is also the seed parent of Chandler. (EM Nauer, ca 1987)

Fruit matches the description given in The Citrus Industry pretty well. (EM Nauer, 12/21/1987)

Siamese Sweet pummelo is an essentially acidless variety of pummelo.The tree is small in stature with drooping branches. The fruits are oblate with a slightly rough yellow rind. The flavor is insipid. Siamese Sweet pummelo has been used extensively in breeding programs and is the seed parent of Oroblanco and Melogold pummelo-grapefruit hybrids, Chandler pummelo, and Cocktail pummelo-mandarin hybrid. It is mature in the winter and holds well on the tree. (Ottilia "Toots" Bier, ca 2005)

This genotype was originally numbered as PI 109690, the record for which is available and contains a link to the original PI book in which the information was recorded. PI 109690 was associated with CPB 10126 (documentation on file at NCGRCD(, hence the link to the earlier PI. (RR Krueger, 12/16/2010)

View information for this accession from the UC Riverside Citrus Variety Collection.

The classical description of 'Clementine' from Hodgson (1967) can be found on the UC Riverside Citrus Varieties Collection Website and fotos and fruit quality data can be accessed at the Citrus Clonal Protection Program Website.

"Climatically, the distinctive features of the Clementine variety are its low total heat requirements for fruit maturity and the sensitivity of the seedless fruit to infavorable conditions during the flowering and fruit-setting period. In regions of high total heat, the Clementine matures very early -- only slightly later than the satsuma mandarins. Such regions also favor production of fruit of maximum size and best eating quality....With reference to sensitivity of seedless fruits, however, the almost universal experience has been one of uncertain and irregular bearing behavior because of excessive shedding of younf fruits during the fruit-setting period and a few weeks thereafter. Moreover, it has been noted that shedding is correlated with the seed content of the fruit...the bearing behavior...can be regularized by cross-pollination. In descending order of effectiveness as pollinators in Morocco, Chapot (1963) lists the sour or bitter orange, the Mediterranean, Dancy, and Wilking mandarins, the lemon, and the sweet oranges, including Valencia. Soost (1963) recommends the use of Dancy and Wilking in the Coachella Valley of California...It should be pointed out, however, that the warm, equable, coastal regions of western Morocco enjoy climatic conditions that are normally favorable for fruit setting and permit the production of good crops of virtually seedless fruit. Because of the high total heat, the fruit is exceptioanlly early in maturity...under conditions less favorable for fruit setting, it has been shown that regularity of bearing and increased production resuls from adequate nitrogenous fertilizer and efficiency in irrigation. Finally, it has been demonstrated that bearing can often be regularized and increased by means of girdling or ringing and light pruning -- a tree management practice distinctive to the culture of this mandarin. The procedure recommended consists of biennual double-girdling--at full bloom and the end of bloom, respectively--alternated with light pruning to stimulate the development of new shoot growth." (Hodgson, 1967)

The accession maintained at Riverside is directly descended from the introduction from Florida, which in turn was directly derived from the introduction from Algeria. A separate introduction to California was apparently made about 1914-1915 by Fancher Creek Nurseries, Fresno, whose catalog referred to a new mandarin from "Dr Trabut of the Government Experiment Station in Algeria". It therefore became referred to by growers as the "Algerian tangerine". This "Algerian tangerine" proved to be identical to 'Clementine' and Webber (1943) states that 'Algerian' should be considered as a synonym to 'Clementine'. However, the trees maintained at Riverside are descended directly from the original importation of 'Clementine' and this should be considered the proper name for this accession. This selection is most probably identical to the Spanish clementine selection 'Fina'.

Because 'Clementine' is monoembryonic, it is especially suitable as the seed parent in breeding programs. It has been extensively utilized for this purpose by the USDA citrus breeding programs in Florida and California (the latter now disbanded). (RRK, 07-2007)

The Iyo is believed by Tanaka (1954) to be a natural tangor and was found about 1883 by M. Nakamura in Obu-gun, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. First described as Anado mikan in 1892, it was early introduced into Ehime (formerky Iyo) Prefecture, where it was widely planted and came to be known as Iyo. While attractive in appearance and of good flavor, it loses quality rapidly in storage and on the tree. As a result, it has been little planted in recent years. Currently, its culture is limited largely to the vicinity of the city of Matsuyama. Fruit medium-sized, subglobose to broadly obovoid, apical end shallowly depressed. Rind thick, lightly pitted, tender, and easily separable; deep orange-colkord. Medium seed content (some with pale green cotyledons). Central column broadly open and segments about 10. Flesh orange-colored; tender, very juicy, sweet; flavor rich and pleasant. Midseason in maturity. Tree vigorous. (Hodgson, 1967, p. 531)

Iyokan (C. iyo hort. ex Tanaka) was found in 1886 in a citrus orchard in Yamaguchi Prefecture and was first introduced into Ehime Prefecture, which was formerly called Iyo. It is apparently a tangor. The fruit are medium-large (200 - 300 g), can be easliy peeled,a nd are very fragrant. The segment membrane is not as thick as that of Natsumikan or Hassaku, but it is difficult to eat unless peeled. An early-maturing mutant, Miyauchi Iyokan was found in 1952, and since then plantings have been increasing. The fruits of Miyauchi have a thin skin and are seedless. Their eating quality is mcuh better than that of fruit of the common strain. In 1980, another mutant was found and called Ohtani Iyokan. Ohtani fruit have a smooth, reddish-colored skin and are very attractive. Iyokan is picked before January and is stored until shipment, which occurs from december to April with a peak in February - March. (Kitagawa and Kawada, 1986)

The fruit...is medium to large as compared with other tangors...round in shape...often slightly flattened and has a depressed area at the stem end...a most handsome and attractive fruit with a smooth or very slightly pebbled rind of deep orange colour [sic]...the rind ranges from moderately thick to chick, becoming puffy with age, and is very easily removed. The flavour [sic] is delicately sweet and free from bitterness and notably acidic...15 to 20 seeds per fruit. Most Iyokan are harvested in December then stored until marketed in the February to April period. Thereafter they become dry and rather insipid. Grown mainly in Ehime Prefecture...Iyokans are extremely popular in Japan...(Saunt, 2000)

It is not known at this time how this accession differs from another accession of 'Iyo'7. Presumably it has some superior attributes. We also have the Miyauchi Iyo selection. (R.R. Krueger, 2010-08-18)

This accession was received from the US Horticultural Research Laboratory from a tree propagated from a tree formerly at the Whitmore Foundation Farm (WFF). The USHRL accession at WFF is stated in the WFF Accession Book to be "cpb-1-174 = fortunella sp plant china 1922". Another section in the Accession Book refers to "cpb 10174". The admitedly incomplete list of CPB numbers on file at NCGRCD does not show a CPB 1-174; however, it does show a CPB 10174 which is indeed stated to be "C japonica 'seedless kumquat'". The archival records also equate CPB 10174 with RCRC 2377. RCRC 2377 is an inactive accession at Riverside as of 1986. However, archival records for RCRC 2377 state: "This is not a kumquat...resembles a small mandarin." (comment by WP Bitters, ca 1969). This suggests that at some point, this accession of 'Sunki' was mislabelled as a seedless kumquat. A personal communication from Dr KD Bowman of USHRL received 07/08/2009 states: "Sunki is a small fruited mandarin that I have used in many crosses. I don't think it would be mistaken for kumquat by anyone very familiar with citrus. The oldest Sunki tree at Whitmore, 9E-2-22, is what I have used for most of my crosses. Regarding the greenhouse source of Sunki sent to you, I haven't seen it and can't offer much comment on that. The plant you indicated as the field source of the greenhouse tree, 9W-2-16, no longer exists at that location. That 9W-2-16 tree was moved to another location and appears to be typical of our 9E-2-22 Sunki at that new location. I would put more weight on the characteristics of our Sunki in the field than I would on any historical records about CPB numbers." Thus it appears that this is a legitimate accession of 'Sunki' irregardless of any documentation errors.

More information on 'Sunki' and a summary of its rootstock characteristics is available at PI 539678/RCRC 3143. (RR Krueger, 07/08/2009)

"Technical description.--Fruit the size and shape of a large Satsuma of King orange, flattened at base and apex but without depression, size 3 1/4 to 4 3/4 inches in transverse diameter by 2 1/2 to 2 3/4 inches high; calyx small, persistent, shallow grooves radiating from calyx attachment; color reddish orange (Ridgway, orange chrome), rind of medium thickness (one-eighth to three-sixtenth inch), firm, somewhat free peeling though not of pronounced kidglove character; smooth and glossy despite slight indentations due to small, depressed oil cells; segments usually 10, separating easily, with thin segment walls; open core with slight quantity of fibrous tissue or rag; pulp tender and melting, translucent, very juicy, flavor rich and vinous with a blending of high acidity and sweetness somewhat resmbling orange (Ridgway, mikado orange); seeds variable but averagin one to a segment (some fruit entirely seedless), large and plump, greenish in cross section, like Satsuma. Tree of rather slow growth and spreading, with open top like Satsuma, fairly productive; leaves long-pointed, oval, strongly veined, dark green, thick and leathery, with practically wingless petioles, resembling Satsuma.

A sister hybrid (CPB 52031-B-2) closely resembles the Umatilla tangelo [sic] in fruit and tree characters, but its fruit is usually too acid for consumption until about a month after the Umatilla becomes palatable. Neother fruit shows any indication of dryong out after reaching maturity, although the rind is very thin.

"Until given further tests on different stocks for growth, vigor, and productivity, the Umatilla tangelo [sic] is not recommended for large-scale planting; but it is well worth of a place in the home fruit gatden and in plantings desgined to supply luxury fruits to a private trade." (Swingle et al, 1931, pp 11-12)

"...This variety has attracted attention because of its large, deeep-colored, glossy fruit of attractive appearance and good holding quality. Until it has been more extensively tested it can be commended for home planting only. It was described as the Umatilla tangelo, but its known parentage places it naturally with the tangor group..." (Webber, 1943, pp 653-654)

"...seeds monoembryonic...It has not achieved commercial importance except as a specialty fruit in Florida." (Hodgson, 1967, p 527)

This accession was acquired as a historical variety. It is currently apparently little cultivated even in Florida. (RR Krueger, 05/31/2009)

According to Hodgson (1967), this selection differs from standard 'Valencia' "in that the fruit is more oblong or oval in form, less seedy (occasionally one or two seeds), and matures earlier (mate midseason). The tree is vigorous and upright with large leaves that tend to be bunched, giving it a distinctive appearance, and is strongly alternate bearing." According to the donor (documentation received with budwood), this selection has "Good fruit quality. Excellent color and juice. Seedless fruit."

This selection of 'Valencia seedless' was imported since there is some question as to the trueness of the existing accession of 'Seedless Valencia' (CRC 2776/PI 539657). This statement is anectdotal, apparently dating from the 1960s. Since the Argentinian accession was received in 1940, if there was some mixup in Riverside, the imported accession should represent the original genotype/phenotype. This needs to be verified after quarantine release. (RR Krueger, 01/03/2009)

Hodgson (1967) summarizes previous information by noting that there are four types of Bergamot: the "common" Bergamot, Melarosa, Torulosa, and Piccola. Traditionally, the most widely grown cultivars were two selections of common Bergamotto: 'Femminello' and 'Castagnaro'. However, "'Fantastico', probably originated by mutation, spread quickly out between the end of the fifties and the beginning of the next decade" (Barone et al, 1988) and became the leading variety by the 1980s. It now accounts for approximately 70 % of the cultivated area, with 'Femminello' accounting for 20 % and 'Castagnaro' for 10 % (Barone et al, 1988; Terranova et al, 1992). 'Fantastico' became the dominant variety due to its good essence, yield, quality, the fact that it "overcomes the poor suitability and weakness of 'Femminello'", and that it does not have the strong tendency to alternate bear as does 'Castagnaro' (Barone et al, 1988). Most Bergamot orchards are mixed plantings of the three varieties, similar to traditional field blends of wine grapes. Sweet lime was used as a rootstock until the beginning of the 20th century as it ensured a high yield and quality of essential oils and a short juvenility period. More recently, sour orange has been used as a rootstock (Barone et al, 1988). However, the production of Bergamot has declined to less than 50 % of what it was in the past and now few if any Bergamots are produced by Italian producers (Barone et al (1988); Terranova et al, 1992). For more information on current production practices, please consult Barone et al (1988)

'Fantastico' trees are vigorous with wide canopies. The shoot color is light green and thorns are absent. Flowering is March/April with fruit harvest in Dcecember/January. The fruit has a regular pear-like shape and an average weight of 130 g and an essence yield of 0.55-0.65 %. Most fruit is borne as singles (74%) or doubles (18 %). This informationn is summarized from Barone et al (1988) and Barone et al (1988) and Terranova et al (1992), to which the reader is referred for more detailed information.

Older plantings of Bergamot were found to have several graft-transmissible diseases, such as cristacortis, concave gum, impietratura, psorosis, exocortis, and xyloporosis. Apaprently virus-free propagative materials were achieved via shoot-tip grafting (Terranova et al, 1984; 1992). Also common in Bergamot plantings was gummosis. This was reduced by the use of sour orange rootstock as noted above. (RR Krueger, 03/21/2008)

An apparent nucellar seedling (RSD 2005005 SG 4942) was chosen based upon SSR markers carried out by summer intern Leonard Lara under the direction of Prof Mikeal Roose in 2009. This was retained and renumbered as RRUT 528. The other surviving seedlings (4944, 4945, 4947) were disposed of. This still needs to be observed and compared with the other Gal-gal accessions. (RR Krueger, 08/06/2013)