ULMUS

Descriptors
Category: CYTOLOGIC
  1. PLOIDY (PLOIDY) Ploidy level determined either through flow cytometry or chromosome counting.
  2. VESSEL DENSITY (VESSEL DENSITY) Number of vessels per square millimeter in the current year's growth ring in the main stem of saplings.
  3. VESSEL DIAMETER (VESSEL DIAMETER) Diameter in micrometers of vessel lumen in current or previous year's growth ring in saplings.
  4. VESSEL GROUP DIAMETER (VESSEL GROUP DIAMETER) Average diameter of vessel groups estimated as the product of the average vessel diameter and the average number of vessels per group.
  5. VESSELS PER GROUP (VESSELS PER GROUP) Average number of vessel elements per group in the current or previous year's growth ring in saplings.
Category: DISEASE
  1. DED % VESSELS W/ TYLOSES 3 DPI (DED % VESSELS W/ TYLOSES 3 DPI) Percent of vessel elements with tyloses three days post inoculation with Ophiostoma ulmi and Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. Observations made 5 cm above the site of inoculation. Average of 10 plants inoculated with each strain of the pathogen (40 total).
  2. DED % VESSELS W/ TYLOSES 5 DPI (DED % VESSELS W/ TYLOSES 5 DPI) Percent of vessel elements with tyloses five days post inoculation with Ophiostoma ulmi and Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. Observations made 5 cm above the site of inoculation. Average of 10 plants inoculated with each strain of the pathogen (40 total).
  3. DED % W/ BARRIER ZONE 20 DPI (DED % W/ BARRIER ZONE 20 DPI) Percent of trees (out of seven or eight trees) that had a barrier zone present 20 days post inoculation with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. Observations were made on sections collected at 30–31 cm above the inoculation site. Average of observations from 2015 and 2016.
  4. DED % W/ BARRIER ZONE 90 DPI (DED % W/ BARRIER ZONE 90 DPI) Percent of trees (out of seven or eight trees) that had a barrier zone present 90 days post inoculation with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. Observations were made on sections collected at 30–31 cm above the inoculation site. Average of observations from 2015 and 2016.
  5. DED BARRIER ZONE THICKNESS (DED BARRIER ZONE THICKNESS) Average thickness (in micrometers) of barrier zone 90 days post inoculation of trees inoculated with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. Observations were made on sections of the most recent annual ring from the side opposite of inoculation at 30–31 cm above the inoculation site. Images of the sections were cropped to be 0.5 mm wide tangentially with the length including the annual ring radially. Average of observations from 2015 and 2016.
  6. DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 1 YPI (DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 1 YPI) Average percent of the tree's crown displaying symptoms (e.g. defoliation, dieback, wilting or death) in a field setting one year post inoculation with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi and/or O. ulmi spore suspensions.
  7. DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 2 YPI (DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 2 YPI) Average percent of the tree's crown displaying symptoms (e.g. defoliation, dieback, wilting or death) in a field setting two years post inoculation with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi and/or O. ulmi spore suspensions.
  8. DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 28 DPI (DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 28 DPI) Average percent of the tree's crown displaying symptoms (e.g. defoliation, dieback, wilting or death) in a field setting 28 days post inoculation with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi and/or O. ulmi spore suspensions.
  9. DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 7 YPI (DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 7 YPI) Average percent of the tree's crown displaying symptoms (e.g. defoliation, dieback, wilting or death) in a field setting seven years post inoculation with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi and/or O. ulmi spore suspensions.
  10. DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 8 WPI (DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 8 WPI) Average percent of the tree's crown displaying symptoms (e.g. defoliation, dieback, wilting or death) in a field setting eight weeks post inoculation with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi and/or O. ulmi spore suspensions.
  11. DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 90 DPI (DED CROWN SYMPTOMS 90 DPI) Average percent of the tree's crown displaying symptoms (e.g. defoliation, dieback, wilting or death) in a field setting 90 days post inoculation with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi and/or O. ulmi spore suspensions.
  12. DED PERCENT SURVIVAL 7 YPI (DED PERCENT SURVIVAL 7 YPI) Percent survival (out of 56 trees) in a field setting, seven years post inoculation with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi and O. ulmi spore suspensions.
Category: INSECT
  1. ELM FLEA WEEVIL ADULT FEEDING (ELM FLEA WEEVIL ADULT FEEDING) Average adult feeding damage (holes/square cm) on sample of ten leaves from field grown trees. Leaves collected on 17 July 2017.
  2. ELM FLEA WEEVIL LARVAL MINES (ELM FLEA WEEVIL LARVAL MINES) Average number of larval mines per sample of ten leaves from field grown trees. Leaves collected on 17 July 2017.
  3. ELM LEAF BEETLE ADULTS - LAB (ELM LEAF BEETLE ADULTS - LAB) Percent emergence of elm leaf beetle adults from larvae feeding on elm leaves in lab bioassay. Average of three replicates.
  4. ELM LEAF BEETLE EGGS - FIELD (ELM LEAF BEETLE EGGS - FIELD) Number of elm leaf beetle eggs on 15-cm-long shoots that were randomly selected from the north, south, east, and west quadrants of each tree growing under field conditions. Average of five to ten trees scored over the course of one to six years.
  5. ELM LEAF BEETLE EGGS - LAB (ELM LEAF BEETLE EGGS - LAB) Number of eggs laid per elm leaf beetle adult female on elm leaves in lab bioassay. Average of three replicates.
  6. ELM LEAF BEETLE FEEDING (ELM LEAF BEETLE FEEDING) Percent defoliation by elm leaf beetles on 15-cm-long shoots that were randomly selected from the north, south, east, and west quadrants of each tree growing under field conditions. Average of five to ten trees scored over the course of one to six years.
  7. ELM LEAF BEETLE LARVAE - FIELD (ELM LEAF BEETLE LARVAE - FIELD) Number of elm leaf beetle larvae on 15-cm-long shoots that were randomly selected from the north, south, east, and west quadrants of each tree growing under field conditions. Average of five to ten trees scored over the course of one to six years.
  8. ELM LEAF BEETLE LARVAE - LAB (ELM LEAF BEETLE LARVAE - LAB) Number of days elm leaf beetle larvae survived on elm leaves in lab bioassay. Average of three replicates.
  9. JAPANESE BEETLE EGGS LAID (JAPANESE BEETLE EGGS LAID) Fecundity (total eggs laid) of adult female Japanese beetles ovipositing when feeding on Ulmus leaves. Average of ten replicates per tree with three trees tested per accession.
  10. JAPANESE BEETLE FEEDING -FIELD (JAPANESE BEETLE FEEDING -FIELD) Percent defoliation by adult female Japanese beetles feeding on Ulmus in a field setting. Average of three to five trees per accession.
  11. JAPANESE BEETLE FEEDING -LAB (JAPANESE BEETLE FEEDING -LAB) Percent leaf tissue removed by adult female Japanese beetles feeding on Ulmus in no-choice (NC) feeding studies. Average of ten replicates per tree with one to three trees tested per accession.
  12. LEAFHOPPER ABUNDANCE (LEAFHOPPER ABUNDANCE) Average number (log10 transformed) of leafhoppers collected per trap each week.
  13. OVERALL INSECT RESISTANCE (OVERALL INSECT RESISTANCE) Composite score of resistance to four major and eight minor insect pests. Low values indicate resistance and high values indicate susceptibility. Details provided in Methods section and in cited publication.
  14. POTATO LEAFHOPPERS (POTATO LEAFHOPPER ADULTS) Average number of surviving adults per shoot after feeding on elm leaves for six days.
  15. POTATO LEAFHOPPER EGGS LAID (POTATO LEAFHOPPER EGGS LAID) Average number of eggs laid by one-week-old females per shoot within six days.
Category: MORPHOLOGY
  1. ABAXIAL LEAF PUBESCENCE (ABAXIAL LEAF PUBESCENCE) Leaf pubescence was characterized by examining lower (abaxial) leaf surfaces of leaves from each tree with a binocular microscope. Trichome density was subjectively rated as 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 corresponding to glabrous (few or none), light, moderate, dense, or very dense, respectively. Twenty leaves analyzed.
  2. ADAXIAL LEAF PUBESCENCE (ADAXIAL LEAF PUBESCENCE) Leaf pubescence was characterized by examining upper (adaxial) leaf surfaces of leaves from each tree with a binocular microscope. Trichome density was subjectively rated as 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 corresponding to glabrous (few or none), light, moderate, dense, or very dense, respectively. Twenty leaves analyzed.
  3. INNER LEAF TOUGHNESS (INNER LEAF TOUGHNESS) Leaf toughness in grams in the center of the leaf adjoining the mid-rib. Average of 10 leaves.
  4. LEAF AREA (LEAF AREA) Leaf surface area in square centimeters; average of 20 leaves.
  5. LEAF THICKNESS (LEAF THICKNESS) Leaf thickness in microns approximately one-half the distance from the leaf margin to the mid-rib; average of ten leaves.
  6. LEAVES PER SHOOT (LEAVES PER SHOOT) Number of leaves on the terminal 30 cm of new growth (measured spring 2009); average of ten shoots.
  7. OUTER LEAF TOUGHNESS (OUTER LEAF TOUGHNESS) Leaf toughness in grams within 0.5 cm from the edge of the leaf. Average of 10 leaves.
  8. SEED LENGTH (SEED LENGTH) Length of seed (samara) in milimeters, including the membranous wing.
  9. SEED WIDTH (SEED WIDTH) Width of seed (samara) in millimeters, including the membranous wing.
  10. TRICHOME DENSISTY (TRICHOME DENSISTY) Number of trichomes per square centimeter of leaf along the midrib. Average of three leaves, each from a different tree.