Methods
2003 evaluation of all Capsicum baccatum (except core accessions) in Experiment.
Contains data taken from 1990 - 1997 as part of Paul Bosland's Chile Germplasm Program.
2002 pepper increase as part of Paul Bosland's Chile Germplasm Program.
Contains data taken in 1998 as part of Paul Bosland's Chile Germplasm Program. Although observation data was taken in 1998, this is not necessarily the year in which the seed was regenerated.
Capsicum spp. evaluated for resistance to curly top virus
2004 pepper increase in Byron
2006 pepper increase in Byron in cages
2008 pepper increase in Byron
Capsaicinoid values determined with HPLC and expressed as micrograms per gram fresh fruit wieght. Fruit grown in 2007 in Byron, Georgia or Woodland, California.
Plants were grown in the field in Griffin, GA in 2017. All fruit (ripe) of each accession were harvested from individual (single) plants. Fruit were placed in foil trays and dried at 80oC for 48 hours, packaged, and sent to the University of Maine for analysis.
Analysis of Capsaicinoids in Dried Capsicum Fruit – Methods and Materials
Sample Preparation. Modified from Collins et al, 1995.
1. Crush dried fruit into a coarse powder packed by messaging plastic sample packet between fingers (bag kept sealed).
2. Weigh entire powder content into 50 mL glass, srew-top centrifuge tube.
3. Add HPLC-grade acetonitrile to tube at appropriate volume (10:1 (mL:g) solvent:sample).
4. Place samples in sand-filled block heater, pre-heated to 80 degrees, C for 4 hours. Swirl samples manually every hour.
5. Remove samples from heat and allow to cool to room temperature.
6. Further extract the samples with a ploytron tissue homogenizer at medium speed for 1 minute each.
7. Filter each sample through 0.45 um nylon syringe filter into HPLC sample vial and store at 5 degrees C until analysis by HPLC.
Sample Analysis. In-house HPLC method
1. Standard Preparation:
a. Analytical Standards Capsaicin (99%) & Dihydrocapsaicin (97%) purchased from Sigma Aldrich.
b. Stock solutions of each prepared using HPLC-grade acetonitrile as a diluent
c. Seven-point standard curve (0.5 ug/mL – 500 ug/mL) prepared for each compound diluting appropriate stock volume with HPLC-grade acetonitrile
2. HPLC Conditions:
a. HPLC System: Agilent 1100/1200 series with pump, autosampler, degasser, diode array detector and column heater.
b. Column: Phenomenex Prodigy C18, 4.6 x 250 mm, 5 micron.
c. Mobile Phase: 70:30 (acetonitrile:water), isocratic, 1.0 mL/min.
d. Detector: DAD, 280 nm
Collins, M. D., Wasmund, L. M. and Bosland, P. W. 1995. Improved method for quantifying capsaicinoids in Capsicum using high-performance liquid chromatography. HortScience 30(1):137-139.
2002 evaluation of peppers (Capsicum) core collection in Experiment.
Disease data reported to the curator
Fruit grown in Woodland, California in 2006. Fifty gram aliquots of ground mature fruit homogenate were dried for 96 hours at 60C in a static drying oven and % Dry Weight (DW) measured.
2001 pepper increase in Experiment
2002 pepper increase in Experiment
2003 pepper increase in Experiment
2004 pepper increase in Experiment
2010 pepper regeneration at Griffin
2011 pepper regeneration at Griffin
2012 pepper regeneration at Griffin and in greenhouse
Evaluation for reaction of peppers (Capsicum) to Meloidogyne hapla (northern root-knot nematode). Tests conducted in the greenhouse. Data are means of five plants. Rated on a 1 to 9 scale which represents percentage of root system galled or covered with egg masses.
Evaluation for reaction of peppers (Capsicum) to Meloidogyne hapla (northern root-knot nematode). Tests conducted in the greenhouse. Data are means of five plants. Rated on a 1 to 9 scale which represents percentage of root system galled or covered with egg masses.
Images of fruit on the plant taken in the field at Byron, Georgia in 2006
Fruit harvested at Byron, Georgia. Harvested fruit images taken in the lab at Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, Griffin, Georgia in 2006
Images of plants taken in the field in Byron, Georgia in 2006
Images of flower taken in the field in 2004
Images of flower taken in the field in 2006
Image of flowers taken @ PGRCU in 2017
Images of fruit on the plant taken in the field in 2002
Images of fruit on the plant taken in the field in 2003
Images of fruit on the plant taken in the field in 2004
Images of fruit on the plant taken in the field in 2006
Images of fruit on the plant taken @ PGRCU in 2017
Images of plants taken in the field in 2003
Images of plants taken in the field in 2004
Images of plants taken in the field in 2006
Images of flowers prepared in 2008
Image of fruit on the plant prepared in 2008
Harvested fruit images taken in the lab at the Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, Griffin, Georgia in 2003
Harvested fruit images taken in the lab at the Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, Griffin, Georgia in 2004
Harvested fruit images taken in the lab at the Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, Griffin, Georgia in 2006
Harvested fruit images taken in the lab at the Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, Griffin, Georgia in 2017
Images of peppers submitted by various cooperators
Images of plants prepared in 2008
Harvested fruit images taken in the lab at the Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, Griffin, Georgia. Peppers grown in Woodland, California in 2006.
Images of Harvested fruit taken in the lab @ PGRCU, fruit grown in Woodland, CA in 2012
2009 regeneration at Parlier, California
Evaluation for root rot resistance (
Phytophthora capsici) in peppers.
Three virulent isolates each from the A1 and A2 mating types of Phytophthora capsici were used in the mass screening and subsequent inoculation tests of peppers. A mixture of zoospores from these isolates were used in inoculating the test plants. Seeds from each accession were sown in plastic cells of a multipot bedding plant container. Two hours prior to inoculation, trays containing 14-day-old pepper seedlings were placed in water-filled trays to saturate the roots. A five ml zoospore suspension was then delivered to each cell using an automatic pipette dispenser resulting in a concentration of 10,000 zoospores per cell. Disease evaluation was performed 14 days after inoculation. The plants were evaluated based on a 10-point scale with even numbers corresponding to intermediate response. A disease index value of 2 or less was considered resistant, and a value greater than 2 was susceptible.
View more detailed information on Materials and Methods (.pdf file).
Fifty plant Introduction lines of the garden pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) were screened for resistance to curly top virus using the beet leafhopper (Circulifer tenellus Baker) as the vector. A single strain of virus known to be pathogenic on peppers was used. Inoculations were done by caging 3 or 15 viruliferous leafhoppers onto a leaf at the 4 true-leaf stage of growth. Results of two replications within lines were combined to derive the final percentages of resistant plants. Four lines (PI 257053, PI 281297, PI 288938 and PI 357522) had good levels of resistance when inoculated by 3 leafhoppers. None of the lines was resistant to the virus when inoculated by 15 leafhoppers.
Evaluation for resistance to Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae. Accessions from the pepper core collection were evaluated for resistance to two isolates (VdCa59 and VdCf45) of V. dahliae. Screening of the accessions was performed in a greenhouse. Eight accessions (Grif 9073, PI 281396, PI 281397, PI 438666, PI 439292, PI 439297, PI 555616, and PI 594125) were resistant to both Verticillium wilt isolates. Two of the Capsicum annuum accessions (Grif 9073 and PI 439297) were also resistant to Phytophthora root rot disease.
Grown in Woodland, California in 2006.
Resistance against Xanthomonas gardneri
Contains data taken at the Southern Regional PI Station. The data in this environment was recorded by the staff of the Southern Regional Plant Introduction Station.
1995 Pepper increase in Griffin.
1995 greenhouse pepper increase in Griffin.