Taxon:  Trifolium hybridum L.



Summary
Genus:
Trifolium
Subgenus:
Trifolium
Section:
Vesicastrum
Family:
Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae)
Subfamily:
Faboideae
Tribe:
Trifolieae
Nomen number:
300618
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:766.  1753
Verified:
03/26/2007 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
312 (233  active, 216  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Trifolium hybridum L. var. anatolicum (Boiss.) Boiss. (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium hybridum L. var. elegans (Savi) Boiss. (4 active accession[s])
Trifolium hybridum L. var. hybridum (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images


Conservation Status

Reference(s)
  1. University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
  2. Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource).
  3. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
  4. APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
  5. Converse, R. H., ed. 1987. Virus diseases of small fruits. USDA Agriculture Handbook 631 35.
  6. Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
  7. Cronquist, A. et al. 1972-. Intermountain flora.
  8. Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 144.
  9. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
  10. Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
  11. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
  12. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
  13. Gillett, J. M. & N. L. Taylor (M. Collins ed.). 2001. The world of clovers 184.
  14. Graham, E. H. 1941. Legumes for erosion control and wildlife. USDA Misc. Publ. 412.
  15. Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
  16. International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
  17. Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
  18. Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
  19. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
  20. McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
  21. Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
  22. Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia.
  23. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  24. Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
  25. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
  26. Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966-. Flora of Iraq.
  27. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
  28. Welsh, S. L. et al. 1987. A Utah flora. Great Basin Naturalist Mem. 9.
  29. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
  30. Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
  31. Zohary, M. & D. Heller. 1984. The genus Trifolium 145.
  32. 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
  33. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Note: forage crop
Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
Englishalsike clover  1Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Englishhybrid clover  1Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
EnglishSwedish clover  1Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
English (Canada)alsike clover Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada official name2Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 144.
Frenchtrèfle bâtard  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Frenchtrèfle hybride  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French (Canada)trèfle alsike Agriculture & Agroalimentaire Canada nom officiel2Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 144.
GermanBastardklee  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
GermanSchwedenklee  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Italiantrifoglio ibrido  2International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
Japanese Rōmajitachi-oranda-genge  2Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
Portuguesetrevo-híbrido  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishtrébol híbrido  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Swedishalsikeklöver  2Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Transcribed Chineseza zhong che zhou cao  2Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNoteReference
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia  Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusAzerbaijan  Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationChecheno-Ingushetia Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationDagestan Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationKabardino-Balkaria Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationKaračaevo-Čerkesskaja Respublika Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationKrasnodar Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationStavropol Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeBelarus  Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeEstonia  Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeLatvia  Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeLithuania  Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeMoldova  Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationArkhangelsk Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationAstrakhan Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationBaškortostan, Respublika Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationBelgorod Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationBryansk Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationČuvašskaja Respublika Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationIvanovo Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKaliningrad Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKalmykija, Respublika Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKalužskaja oblast' Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKarelia Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKirov Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKomi Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKomi-Permyak Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKostroma Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKursk Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationLeningradskaja oblast' Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationLipeckaja oblast' Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationMarij Èl, Respublika Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationMordovija, Respublika Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationMoscow Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationMurmansk Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationNeneckij avtonomnyj okrug Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationNovgorod Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationOrel Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationOrenburg Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationPenza Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationPerm Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationPskovskaja oblast' Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationRostov Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationRyazan Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationSaratov Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationSmolensk Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationTambov Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationTatarstan Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationTula Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationUdmurtia Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationUlyanovsk Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationVladimir Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationVolgogradskaja oblast' Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationVologda Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationVoronezh Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationYaroslavl Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeUkraine incl. KrymYakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeCzechoslovakia  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeFormer Yugoslavia  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece incl. CreteGreuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
4Naturalized    natzd. throughout temperate regions 
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Morocco
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Iran, Iraq, Turkey
  • CAUCASUS: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Checheno-Ingushetia, Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karačaevo-Čerkesskaja Respublika, Krasnodar, Stavropol]
Europe
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Czechoslovakia, Austria, Switzerland, Hungary
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Russian Federation [Baškortostan, Respublika, Čuvašskaja Respublika, Kalmykija, Respublika, Karelia, Komi, Marij Èl, Respublika, Mordovija, Respublika, Tatarstan, Udmurtia, Arkhangelsk, Neneckij avtonomnyj okrug, Astrakhan, Belgorod, Bryansk, Ivanovo, Kaliningrad, Kalužskaja oblast', Kirov, Kostroma, Kursk, Leningradskaja oblast', Lipeckaja oblast', Moscow, Murmansk, Novgorod, Orel, Orenburg, Penza, Perm, Komi-Permyak, Pskovskaja oblast', Rostov, Ryazan, Saratov, Smolensk, Tambov, Tula, Ulyanovsk, Vladimir, Volgogradskaja oblast', Vologda, Voronezh, Yaroslavl], Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Former Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete), Italy, Romania
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain, France
Naturalized (natzd. throughout temperate regions)

Reference(s)
  1. Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
  2. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
  3. Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Animal foodfodder Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
Animal foodforage Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
Bee plantshoney production Graham, E. H. 1941. Legumes for erosion control and wildlife. USDA Misc. Publ. 412.
Environmentalerosion control Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
Harmful organism hostcrop diseases Converse, R. H., ed. 1987. Virus diseases of small fruits. USDA Agriculture Handbook 631 35.
Harmful organism hostcrop pests Converse, R. H., ed. 1987. Virus diseases of small fruits. USDA Agriculture Handbook 631 35.
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=300618. Accessed 12 May 2026.