Taxon:  Pinus pinaster Aiton



Summary
Genus:
Pinus
Subgenus:
Pinus
Section:
Pinus
Subsection:
Pinaster
Family:
Pinaceae
Nomen number:
28525
Place of publication:
Hort. kew. 3:367.  1789
Verified:
05/13/1992 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
14 (9  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Autonym(s)
Pinus pinaster Aiton subsp. pinaster

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Pinus hamiltonii Ten.
Pinus maritima Lam.
Pinus pinaster Aiton subsp. hamiltonii (Ten.) Villar

Images (1 total. Click on image for more.)
Seed

Conservation Status

Reference(s)
  1. University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
  2. Abad Viñas, R. et al. 2016. Pinus pinaster in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. et al., European atlas of forest tree species. e012d59+.
  3. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
  4. CAB International (compiler). 2002. Pines of silvicultural importance. CABI Publisher..
  5. Castroviejo, S. et al., eds. 1989-. Flora iberica: plantas vasculares de la Peninsula Iberica e Islas Baleares.
  6. Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
  7. Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage
  8. Farjon, A. 1984. Pines, drawings and descriptions of the genus Pinus
  9. Farjon, A. 1998. World checklist and bibliography of conifers
  10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
  11. Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
  12. Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
  13. International Seed Testing Association. 1971. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 2. Trees.
  14. Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
  15. Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
  16. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
  17. Personal Care Products Council. International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient
  18. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  19. Silba, J. 1986. Encyclopaedia Coniferae. Phytologia Mem. 8:157.
  20. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1993. Flora europaea, ed. 2.
  21. Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
  22. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
  23. 1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
Englishcluster pine  11961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
Englishmaritime pine  1Farjon, A. 1984. Pines, drawings and descriptions of the genus Pinus
Englishpinaster pine  1Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
Afrikaanstrosden  2Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
GermanStrandkiefer  2Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage
Italianpino marittimo  2International Seed Testing Association. 1971. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 2. Trees.
Swedishterpentintall  2Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Transcribed Chinesehai an song  2Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNoteReference
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  Abad Viñas, R. et al. 2016. Pinus pinaster in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. et al., European atlas of forest tree species. e012d59+.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco n.Farjon, A. 1998. World checklist and bibliography of conifers
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  Abad Viñas, R. et al. 2016. Pinus pinaster in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. et al., European atlas of forest tree species. e012d59+.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeCroatia  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly n. & SardiniaJalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance incl. CorsicaJalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
2Cultivated    also cult.Abad Viñas, R. et al. 2016. Pinus pinaster in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. et al., European atlas of forest tree species. e012d59+.
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth Africa  Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
4NaturalizedAustralasiaNew ZealandNew Zealand  Abad Viñas, R. et al. 2016. Pinus pinaster in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. et al., European atlas of forest tree species. e012d59+.
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeUnited Kingdom  Farjon, A. 1998. World checklist and bibliography of conifers
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificUnited StatesHawaii Farjon, A. 1998. World checklist and bibliography of conifers
4NaturalizedSouthern America South America s.Abad Viñas, R. et al. 2016. Pinus pinaster in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. et al., European atlas of forest tree species. e012d59+.
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Morocco (n.), Tunisia
Europe
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Croatia, Italy (n. & Sardinia)
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain, France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
  • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand
Europe
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: United Kingdom
Pacific
  • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
Southern America
  • REGION: South America (s.)

Reference(s)
  1. Abad Viñas, R. et al. 2016. Pinus pinaster in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. et al., European atlas of forest tree species. e012d59+.
  2. Farjon, A. 1998. World checklist and bibliography of conifers
  3. Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
  4. Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
  5. Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Environmentalerosion controlplanted for dunes and slope stabilisationAbad Viñas, R. et al. 2016. Pinus pinaster in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. et al., European atlas of forest tree species. e012d59+.
Environmentalerosion controlsand-bindingTutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1993. Flora europaea, ed. 2.
Environmentalhost for edible fungushost of Boletus edulis, B. pinicola, Lactarius deliciosus and L. sanguifluus.CAB International (compiler). 2002. Pines of silvicultural importance. CABI Publisher..
Environmentalhost for edible fungushost of Boletus spp. and Lactarius spp.Abad Viñas, R. et al. 2016. Pinus pinaster in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. et al., European atlas of forest tree species. e012d59+.
Environmentalshade/shelter Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Materialsgum/resinused for distillation of turpentine and rosinAbad Viñas, R. et al. 2016. Pinus pinaster in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. et al., European atlas of forest tree species. e012d59+.
Materialswood Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
Materialswoodtimber for construction, furniture, poles and postsAbad Viñas, R. et al. 2016. Pinus pinaster in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. et al., European atlas of forest tree species. e012d59+.
Medicinesfolklore Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Medicinesfolklore McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Weed  Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Weed  Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=28525. Accessed 12 May 2026.