Taxon: Robinia pseudoacacia L.

Summary

Genus:

Robinia

Family:

Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae)

Subfamily:

Faboideae

Tribe:

Robinieae

Nomen number:

5238

Place of publication:

Sp. pl. 2:722. 1753

Typification:

View in Linnean Typification Project

Verified:

07/31/1987 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

39 (16 active, 4 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Autonym(s)
Robinia pseudoacacia L. f. pseudoacacia
Robinia pseudoacacia L. var. pseudoacacia

Heterotypic Synonym(s)


Robinia pseudoacacia L. f. erecta Rehder
Robinia pseudoacacia L. f. microphylla (Lodd. ex Loudon) Rehder
Robinia pseudoacacia L. f. pyramidalis (Pépin) Rehder
Robinia pseudoacacia L. f. rozynskiana (Späth) Rehder
Robinia pseudoacacia L. f. rehderi C. K. Schneid.
Robinia pseudoacacia L. f. semperflorens (Carrière) Voss
Robinia pseudoacacia L. var. microphylla Lodd. ex Loudon
Robinia pseudoacacia L. var. pyramidalis Pépin
Robinia pseudoacacia L. var. semperflorens Carrière
Robinia pseudoacacia L. var. rozynskiana Späth
Robinia pseudoacacia L. f. inermis (Mirb.) Rehder
Robinia pseudoacacia L. var. rectissima Raber
Robinia pseudoacacia L. var. umbraculifera (DC.) DC.
Robinia umbraculifera DC.

Images (1 total. Click on image for more.)

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
Cierjacks, A. et al. 2013. Biological flora of the British Isles: Robinia pseudoacacia. J. Ecol. 101:1623-1640. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12162.
Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas
Cronquist, A. et al. 1972-. Intermountain flora.
Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 147.
Demasi, S. et al. 2021. Sensory profile, shelf life, and dynamics of bioactive compounds during cold storage of 17 edible flowers. Horticulturae. OAJ 7:166. DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7070166. Note: flowers used for flavoring food and liquors
Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Englert, J. M. et al. 1999-. USDA-NRCS Improved conservation plant materials released by NRCS and cooperators
Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants Kampong Publications.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
Fowells, H. A. 1965. Silvics of forest trees of the United States.
Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
Graham, E. H. 1941. Legumes for erosion control and wildlife. USDA Misc. Publ. 412.
Grünewald, H. et al. 2009. Robinia pseudoacacia L.: a lesser known tree species for biomass production. BioEnergy Res. 2:123-133. DOI: 10.1007/s12155-009-9038-x.
Hanelt, P. pers. comm.
Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
Hitchcock, C. L. et al. 1955-1969. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest.
Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds
Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
International Seed Testing Association. 1971. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 2. Trees.
Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission; National Biological Information Infrastructure, Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research and the University of Auckland. Global invasive species database (on-line resource).
Isely, D. & F. J. Peabody. 1984. Robinia (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae). Castanea 49:195.
Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States
McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:127.
Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
Nasir, S. M. & M. Athar. 1998. Fuelwood as an energy source. Phytologia 85:106.
Ortega-Sada, J. L. 1987. Flora de interes apicola y polinizacion de cultivos.
Personal Care Products Council. International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient
Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
University of Georgia, Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health. Invasive.org: invasive and exotic species of North America (on-line resource).
Vítková, M. et al. 2017. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) beloved and despised: a story of an invasive tree in central Europe. Forest Ecol. Managem. 15:287-302. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.057.
Voss, E. 1972-. Michigan flora.
Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Wilbur, R. L. 1963. Leguminous plants of North Carolina.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
2018. Oklahoma vascular plant database
2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)

Common names

Language	Name	note	seq	Citation
English	black locust		1	Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
English	false acacia		1	Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
Afrikaans	witakasia		2	Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
English (Canada)	black locust	Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada official name	2	Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 147.
French	robinier		2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French (Canada)	robinier faux-acacia	Agriculture & Agroalimentaire Canada nom officiel	2	Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 147.
German	Robinie		2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Italian	robinia		2	International Seed Testing Association. 1971. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 2. Trees.
Spanish	falsa acacia		2	Ortega-Sada, J. L. 1987. Flora de interes apicola y polinizacion de cultivos.
Spanish	robinia		2	Ortega-Sada, J. L. 1987. Flora de interes apicola y polinizacion de cultivos.
Swedish	robinia		2	Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Transcribed Chinese	ci huai		2	Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Transcribed Korean	akasianamu		2	Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:127.

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Illinois		Fowells, H. A. 1965. Silvics of forest trees of the United States.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Missouri		Fowells, H. A. 1965. Silvics of forest trees of the United States.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Oklahoma		McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Pennsylvania		Fowells, H. A. 1965. Silvics of forest trees of the United States.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	West Virginia		Isely, D. & F. J. Peabody. 1984. Robinia (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae). Castanea 49:195.
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Georgia		Fowells, H. A. 1965. Silvics of forest trees of the United States.
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Kentucky		Fowells, H. A. 1965. Silvics of forest trees of the United States.
2	Cultivated					also cult. elsewhere
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Georgia			Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	China	China			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan			Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Korea			Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:127.
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Kazakhstan			Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Tajikistan			Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Uzbekistan			Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Primorye		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Pakistan			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
2	Cultivated	Australasia	Australia	Australia			Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
2	Cultivated	Australasia	New Zealand	New Zealand			Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
2	Cultivated	Europe		Europe			Vítková, M. et al. 2017. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) beloved and despised: a story of an invasive tree in central Europe. Forest Ecol. Managem. 15:287-302. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.057.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa			Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Armenia			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Azerbaijan			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Georgia			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	China	China			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan			Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Korea			Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission; National Biological Information Infrastructure, Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research and the University of Auckland. Global invasive species database (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Cyprus			Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission; National Biological Information Infrastructure, Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research and the University of Auckland. Global invasive species database (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Israel			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Turkey			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Pakistan			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Australasia	Australia	Australia			Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
4	Naturalized	Australasia	New Zealand	New Zealand			Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Belarus			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Estonia			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Latvia			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Lithuania			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Moldova			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Russian Federation-European part	European part		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Ukraine		incl. Krym	Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Austria			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Belgium			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Czech Republic			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Germany			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Hungary			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Netherlands			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Switzerland			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Northern Europe	United Kingdom			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Albania			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Bulgaria			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Greece			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Italy		incl. Sardinia	Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Romania			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southwestern Europe	France		incl. Corsica	Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southwestern Europe	Spain		incl. Baleares	Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Northern America		Canada			Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission; National Biological Information Infrastructure, Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research and the University of Auckland. Global invasive species database (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Northern America		United States		beyond native range	Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission; National Biological Information Infrastructure, Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research and the University of Auckland. Global invasive species database (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Southern South America	Chile			Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Southern South America	Uruguay			Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.

Native
Northern America

NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Pennsylvania, West Virginia]
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois, Missouri, Oklahoma]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Georgia, Kentucky]

Cultivated

REGION:

Asia-Temperate

CAUCASUS: Georgia
MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
RUSSIAN FAR EAST: Russian Federation [Primorye]
CHINA: China
EASTERN ASIA: Korea, Japan

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India, Pakistan

Australasia

AUSTRALIA: Australia
NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand

Europe

REGION: Europe

Naturalized
Africa

SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa

Asia-Temperate

WESTERN ASIA: Cyprus, Israel, Turkey
CAUCASUS: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia
CHINA: China
EASTERN ASIA: Korea, Japan

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India, Pakistan

Australasia

AUSTRALIA: Australia
NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand

Europe

NORTHERN EUROPE: United Kingdom
MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands
EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy (incl. Sardinia), Romania
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica)

Northern America

REGION: Canada, United States (beyond native range)

Southern America

SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Chile, Uruguay

Reference(s)

Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
Fowells, H. A. 1965. Silvics of forest trees of the United States.
Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission; National Biological Information Infrastructure, Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research and the University of Auckland. Global invasive species database (on-line resource).
Isely, D. & F. J. Peabody. 1984. Robinia (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae). Castanea 49:195.
Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:127.
Vítková, M. et al. 2017. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) beloved and despised: a story of an invasive tree in central Europe. Forest Ecol. Managem. 15:287-302. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.057.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Bee plants	honey production		Ortega-Sada, J. L. 1987. Flora de interes apicola y polinizacion de cultivos.
Bee plants	honey production		Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas
Bee plants	honey production		Vítková, M. et al. 2017. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) beloved and despised: a story of an invasive tree in central Europe. Forest Ecol. Managem. 15:287-302. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.057.
Environmental	erosion control		Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States
Environmental	erosion control		Vítková, M. et al. 2017. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) beloved and despised: a story of an invasive tree in central Europe. Forest Ecol. Managem. 15:287-302. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.057.
Environmental	ornamental		Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States
Environmental	ornamental		Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Environmental	ornamental		Hanelt, P. pers. comm.
Environmental	revegetator		Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Environmental	revegetator		Fowells, H. A. 1965. Silvics of forest trees of the United States.
Environmental	revegetator		Vítková, M. et al. 2017. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) beloved and despised: a story of an invasive tree in central Europe. Forest Ecol. Managem. 15:287-302. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.057.
Environmental	shade/shelter	for shelterbelts	Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States
Environmental	soil improver		Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Environmental	soil improver		Fowells, H. A. 1965. Silvics of forest trees of the United States.
Environmental	soil improver		Hanelt, P. pers. comm.
Food additives	flavoring		Demasi, S. et al. 2021. Sensory profile, shelf life, and dynamics of bioactive compounds during cold storage of 17 edible flowers. Horticulturae. OAJ 7:166. DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7070166. Note: flowers used for flavoring food and liquors
Fuels	biomass for energy production	potential	Grünewald, H. et al. 2009. Robinia pseudoacacia L.: a lesser known tree species for biomass production. BioEnergy Res. 2:123-133. DOI: 10.1007/s12155-009-9038-x.
Fuels	fuelwood	potential	Nasir, S. M. & M. Athar. 1998. Fuelwood as an energy source. Phytologia 85:106.
Materials	wood		Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States
Materials	wood	timber	Vítková, M. et al. 2017. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) beloved and despised: a story of an invasive tree in central Europe. Forest Ecol. Managem. 15:287-302. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.057.
Medicines	folklore		Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Medicines	folklore		McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Vertebrate poisons	mammals		Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisons	mammals		Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
Weed			Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Weed			Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
Weed			Vítková, M. et al. 2017. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) beloved and despised: a story of an invasive tree in central Europe. Forest Ecol. Managem. 15:287-302. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.057.
Weed			Cierjacks, A. et al. 2013. Biological flora of the British Isles: Robinia pseudoacacia. J. Ecol. 101:1623-1640. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12162.

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=5238. Accessed 13 May 2026.