Taxon:  Fraxinus biltmoreana Beadle



Summary
Genus:
Fraxinus
Section:
Melioides
Family:
Oleaceae
Tribe:
Oleeae
Nomen number:
457081
Place of publication:
Bot. Gaz. 25:358.  1898
Verified:
05/14/2014 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
6 (5  active, 1  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Fraxinus smallii Britton

No images


Conservation Status

Reference(s)
  1. Godfrey, R. K. 1988. Trees, shrubs, and woody vines of northern Florida and adjacent Georgia and Alabama. Note: = Fraxinus americana L.
  2. Hardin, J. W. & R. L. Beckmann. 1982. Atlas of foliar surface features in woody plants, V. Fraxinus (Oleaceae) of eastern North America. Brittonia 34:129-140. Note: variation observed between Fraxinus americana and F. biltmoreana is more or less continuous and not considered worthy of taxonomic recognition; no support found for hybrid origin of F. biltmoreana
  3. Hardin, J. W. 1974. Studies of the southeastern United States flora: 4. Oleaceae. Sida 5:276. Note: = Fraxinus americana L.
  4. Little, E. L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees, Agric. Handb. 541 Note: = Fraxinus americana L.
  5. Miller, G. N. 1955. The genus Fraxinus, the ashes, in North America, north of Mexico. Mem. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. 335:41-43.
  6. Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
  7. Santamour, F. S. 1962. The relation between polyploidy and morphology in white and biltmore ashes. Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 89:228-232. Note: postulates polyploid hybrid origin for Biltmore ash
  8. Wallander, E. 2008. Systematics of Fraxinus (Oleaceae) and evolution of dioecy. Pl. Syst. Evol. 273:28. Note: = Fraxinus americana L.
  9. Weakley, A. S. et al. 2012. Flora of Virginia. Note: = Fraxinus americana L.
  10. Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
  11. Whittemore, A. T. et al. 2018. Ploidy variation in Fraxinus L. (Oleaceae) of eastern North America: genome size diversity and taxonomy in a suddenly endangered genus. Int. J. Pl. Sci. 179:377-389. DOI: 10.1086/696688. Note: hexaploid (also tetraploid)
Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
EnglishBiltmore ash  1Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
EnglishBiltmore white ash  1Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNoteReference
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesIllinois Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesMissouris.e.Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesIndiana Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesNew Jersey Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesOhio Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesPennsylvania Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesWest Virginia Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSouth-Central U.S.A.United StatesTexase.Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesAlabama Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesArkansas Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesFlorida Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesGeorgia Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesKentucky Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesLouisiana Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesMaryland Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesMississippi Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesNorth Carolina Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesSouth Carolina Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesTennessee Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesVirginia Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
Native
Northern America
  • NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Indiana, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia]
  • NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois, Missouri (s.e.)]
  • SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia]
  • SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Texas (e.)]

Reference(s)
  1. Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
  2. Nesom, G. L. 2010. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51:1-30.
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=457081. Accessed 14 April 2026.