Taxon: Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino

Summary

Genus:

Arthraxon

Family:

Poaceae (alt. Gramineae)

Subfamily:

Panicoideae

Tribe:

Andropogoneae

Subtribe:

Arthraxoninae

Nomen number:

4302

Place of publication:

Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 26:214. 1912

Verified:

07/23/2002 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

4 (1 active, 0 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Basionym
Phalaris hispida Thunb.

Autonym(s)
Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino var. hispidus

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Arthraxon ciliaris P. Beauv.
Arthraxon ciliaris P. Beauv. var. ciliaris
Arthraxon ciliaris P. Beauv. var. cryptatherus Hack.
Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino var. ciliaris (P. Beauv.) Koidz.
Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino var. cryptatherus (Hack.) Honda

Images (1 total. Click on image for more.)

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
Bor, N. L. 1960. The grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India, and Pakistan.
Brown, L. E. & J. Schultz. 1991. Arthraxon hispidus (Poaceae), new to Texas. Phytologia 71:379-381.
Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959-. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
Chung, I.-C. 1965. Korean Grasses.
Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980-. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
Dorr, L. J. & S. M. Niño. 2001. Arthraxon (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) new to South America. Sida 19:1191-1193.
FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
Hamzeh'ee, B. & A. Naqinezhad. 2009. Arthraxon P. Beauv. (Gramineae) and Carex caryophyllea (Cyperaceae), new genus and species records from Iran. Iranian J. Bot. 15:68-71.
Hitchcock, A. S. 1950. Manual of the grasses of the United States, ed. 2.
Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions
Lazarides, M. 1980. The tropical grasses of Southeast Asia
Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
National Herbarium of New South Wales. 1961-1984. Flora of New South Wales.
Personal Care Products Council. International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient
Pullaiah, T. et al. 1997-1998. Flora of Andhra Pradesh (India).
Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
Shukla, U. 1996. Grasses of north-eastern India
Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966-. Flora of Iraq.
Tzvelev, N. N. 1976. Zlaki SSSR
Verma, D. M. et al. (vol. 1); V. Mudgal et al. (vol. 2). 1993-. Flora Madhya Pradesh.
Villaseñor, J. L. & F. J. Espinoza-Garcia. 2004. The alien flowering plants of Mexico. Diversity & Distrib. 10:113-123.
Wagner, W. L. et al. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands (on-line resource).
Welzen, P. C. van. 1981. A taxonomic revision of the genus Arthraxon Beauv. (Gramineae). Blumea 27:266.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)

Common names

Language	Name	seq	Citation
English	jointhead	1	FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
English	small carpet grass	1	FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
Japanese Rōmaji	kobuna-gusa	2	Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China			Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959-. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan	Hokkaidô		Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan	Honshu		Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan	Kyushu		Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan	Shikoku		Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Korea			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Taiwan			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Kazakhstan			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Kyrgyzstan			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Tajikistan			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Uzbekistan			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Amur		Tzvelev, N. N. 1976. Zlaki SSSR
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Primorye		Tzvelev, N. N. 1976. Zlaki SSSR
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Bhutan			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India			Shukla, U. 1996. Grasses of north-eastern India
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Myanmar			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Thailand			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Philippines			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	New South Wales	n.e.	Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	Queensland	s.e.	Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Iran			Hamzeh'ee, B. & A. Naqinezhad. 2009. Arthraxon P. Beauv. (Gramineae) and Carex caryophyllea (Cyperaceae), new genus and species records from Iran. Iranian J. Bot. 15:68-71.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Indiana		Brown, L. E. & J. Schultz. 1991. Arthraxon hispidus (Poaceae), new to Texas. Phytologia 71:379-381.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Ohio		Brown, L. E. & J. Schultz. 1991. Arthraxon hispidus (Poaceae), new to Texas. Phytologia 71:379-381.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	West Virginia		Brown, L. E. & J. Schultz. 1991. Arthraxon hispidus (Poaceae), new to Texas. Phytologia 71:379-381.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	Texas		Brown, L. E. & J. Schultz. 1991. Arthraxon hispidus (Poaceae), new to Texas. Phytologia 71:379-381.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Alabama		Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Arkansas		Brown, L. E. & J. Schultz. 1991. Arthraxon hispidus (Poaceae), new to Texas. Phytologia 71:379-381.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Florida		Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Kentucky		Brown, L. E. & J. Schultz. 1991. Arthraxon hispidus (Poaceae), new to Texas. Phytologia 71:379-381.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Louisiana		Brown, L. E. & J. Schultz. 1991. Arthraxon hispidus (Poaceae), new to Texas. Phytologia 71:379-381.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Mississippi		Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	North Carolina		Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Tennessee		Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Virginia		Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Chiapas		Dorr, L. J. & S. M. Niño. 2001. Arthraxon (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) new to South America. Sida 19:1191-1193.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Colima		Dorr, L. J. & S. M. Niño. 2001. Arthraxon (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) new to South America. Sida 19:1191-1193.
4	Naturalized	Pacific	North-Central Pacific	United States	Hawaii		Wagner, W. L. et al. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Guadeloupe			Dorr, L. J. & S. M. Niño. 2001. Arthraxon (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) new to South America. Sida 19:1191-1193.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Caribbean	Jamaica			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Central America	Central America			Welzen, P. C. van. 1981. A taxonomic revision of the genus Arthraxon Beauv. (Gramineae). Blumea 27:266.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Central America	Costa Rica	Alajuela		Dorr, L. J. & S. M. Niño. 2001. Arthraxon (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) new to South America. Sida 19:1191-1193.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Central America	Guatemala	Quetzaltenango		Dorr, L. J. & S. M. Niño. 2001. Arthraxon (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) new to South America. Sida 19:1191-1193.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Central America	Honduras	Francisco Morazán		Dorr, L. J. & S. M. Niño. 2001. Arthraxon (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) new to South America. Sida 19:1191-1193.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Central America	Nicaragua	Matagalpa		Dorr, L. J. & S. M. Niño. 2001. Arthraxon (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) new to South America. Sida 19:1191-1193.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Northern South America	Venezuela	Portuguesa		Dorr, L. J. & S. M. Niño. 2001. Arthraxon (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) new to South America. Sida 19:1191-1193.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Northern South America	Venezuela	Trujillo		Dorr, L. J. & S. M. Niño. 2001. Arthraxon (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) new to South America. Sida 19:1191-1193.

Native
Asia-Temperate

MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
RUSSIAN FAR EAST: Russian Federation [Primorye, Amur]
CHINA: China
EASTERN ASIA: Korea, Japan [Hokkaidô, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku], Taiwan

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Bhutan, India
INDO-CHINA: Myanmar, Thailand
MALESIA: Philippines

Australasia

AUSTRALIA: Australia [New South Wales (n.e.), Queensland (s.e.)]

Naturalized
Asia-Temperate

WESTERN ASIA: Iran

Northern America

NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Texas]
SOUTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Chiapas, Colima]

Pacific

NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]

Southern America

CARIBBEAN: Guadeloupe, Jamaica
CENTRAL AMERICA: Central America, Costa Rica [Alajuela], Guatemala [Quetzaltenango], Honduras [Francisco Morazán], Nicaragua [Matagalpa]
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela [Portuguesa, Trujillo]

Reference(s)

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
Brown, L. E. & J. Schultz. 1991. Arthraxon hispidus (Poaceae), new to Texas. Phytologia 71:379-381.
Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959-. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
Dorr, L. J. & S. M. Niño. 2001. Arthraxon (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) new to South America. Sida 19:1191-1193.
Hamzeh'ee, B. & A. Naqinezhad. 2009. Arthraxon P. Beauv. (Gramineae) and Carex caryophyllea (Cyperaceae), new genus and species records from Iran. Iranian J. Bot. 15:68-71.
Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions
Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
Shukla, U. 1996. Grasses of north-eastern India
Tzvelev, N. N. 1976. Zlaki SSSR
Wagner, W. L. et al. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands (on-line resource).
Welzen, P. C. van. 1981. A taxonomic revision of the genus Arthraxon Beauv. (Gramineae). Blumea 27:266.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Weed			Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980-. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=4302. Accessed 15 April 2026.