Taxon: Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich.

Summary

Genus:

Vigna

Subgenus:

Plectrotropis

Section:

Plectrotropis

Family:

Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae)

Subfamily:

Faboideae

Tribe:

Phaseoleae

Subtribe:

Phaseolinae

Nomen number:

41649

Place of publication:

R. de la Sagra, Hist. fis. Cuba, Bot. 10:191. 1845; Hist. phys. Cuba, Bot. Pl. vasc. 440. 1846

Protologue link:

https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9313230

Verified:

07/27/1987 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

32 (15 active, 11 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. var. angustifolia (Schumach.) Baker (0 active accession[s])
Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. var. davyi (Bolus) B. J. Pienaar (0 active accession[s])
Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. var. macrosperma Maréchal et al. (0 active accession[s])
Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. var. ovata (E. Mey.) B. J. Pienaar (0 active accession[s])
Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. var. vexillata (0 active accession[s])
Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. var. youngiana F. M. Bailey (0 active accession[s])

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Images (1 total. Click on image for more.)

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

Adam, J.-G. 1971-. Flore descriptive des monts Nimba.
Adams, C. 1972. Flowering plants of Jamaica
APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
Aubréville, A. et al., eds. 1960-. Flore du Cambodge du Laos et du Viet-Nam.
Bentham, G. 1863-1878. Flora australiensis
Berhaut, J. 1971-. Flore illustrée du Senegal.
Beyra, A. & G. Reyes Artiles. 2004. Revisión taxonómica de los géneros Phaseolus y Vigna (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) en Cuba. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 61:151-152.
Boudet, G. et al. 1986. Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali
Boukar, O. et al. 2015. Chapter 7. Cowpea. In: De Ron, A. M., Handbook of plant breeding 10. Grain Legumes 10:219-250.
Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
Brunel, J. F. et al., eds. 1984. Flore analytique du Togo. Phanerogames
César, E. A. et al. 2006. Preliminary list of the Leguminosae in northeastern Brazil
Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants Kampong Publications.
Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds. 1997. Auxiliary plants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 11:261-263.
Fatokun, C. A. et al. 1993. Molecular taxonomic relationships in the genus Vigna based on RFLP analysis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 86:97-104.
Fatokun, C. A. 1991. Wide hybridization in cowpea: problems and prospects. Euphytica 54:137-140. Note: Netherlands journal of plant breeding
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
Funk, V. et al. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584.
Gomathinayagam, P. et al. 1998. Interspecific hybridization between Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. and V. vexillata (L.) A. Rich. through in vitro embryo culture. Euphytica 102:203-209. Note: Netherlands journal of plant breeding
Grierson, A. J. C. & D. J. Long. 1984-. Flora of Bhutan including a record of plants from Sikkim.
Hammel, B. E. et al., eds. 2003-. Manual de plantas de Costa Rica
Hara, H. et al. 1978-1982. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal.
Hokche, O. et al. 2008. Nuevo catálogo de la flora vascular de Venezuela.
Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
Huang, S. F. & T. C. Huang. 1987. Taxonomic treatment of the Papilionoideae (Leguminosae) of Taiwan. Taiwania 32:11-117.
Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
Karuniawan, A. et al. 2006. Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. cultivated as a root crop in Bali and Timor. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 53:213-217. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-005-1654-5.
Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
Lawn, R. J. & A. R. Watkinson. 2002. Habitats, morphological diversity, and distribution of the genus Vigna Savi in Australia. Austral. J. Agric. Res. 53:1305-1316.
Lewis, G. P. 1987. Legumes of Bahia
Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
Maréchal, R. et al. 1978. Étude taxonomique d'un groupe complexe d'espèces des genres Phaseolus et Vigna (Papilionaceae) sur la base données morphologiques et polliniques, traitées par l'analyse informatique. Boissiera 28:202.
McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
Pienaar, B. J. & P. D. F. Kok. 1991. The Vigna vexillata complex (Fabaceae) in southern Africa. S. African J. Bot. 57:237.
Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Sanjappa, M. 1992. Legumes of India
Singh, B. B. 2006. Chapter 5. Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. In: Singh, R. J. et al., eds., Genetic resources, chromosome engineering, and crop improvement 118-161. Note: this review based on preliminary understanding of phylogenetic affinities in Vigna commented on findings allying this species to cowpea, but noting the need to "determine if these constitute a tertiary gene pool of cowpea"
Spinosa, A. et al. 1998. Assessment of genetic variation in a working collection of Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. by isozyme and RAPD analyses. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 45:347-354.
Thulin, M. 1983. Leguminosae of Ethiopia. Opera Bot. 68:1-223.
Tomooka, N. et al. 2011. Chapter 15. Vigna. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, legume crops and forages 291-311.
Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa.
Verdcourt, B. 1979. A manual of New Guinea legumes.
Woodson, R. E. & R. W. Schery, eds. 1943-1980. Flora of Panama.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).

Common names

Language	Name	Alternate name	seq	Citation
English	wild cowpea		1	Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
English	zombi-pea		1	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Chinese	ye jiang dou	野豇豆	2	Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
French	pois poison		2	Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
French	pois zombi		2	Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
Hindi	halunda		2	Karuniawan, A. et al. 2006. Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. cultivated as a root crop in Bali and Timor. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 53:213-217. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-005-1654-5.
Japanese Rōmaji	aka-sasage		2	Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
Spanish (Cuba)	frijol marrulero		2	Karuniawan, A. et al. 2006. Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. cultivated as a root crop in Bali and Timor. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 53:213-217. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-005-1654-5.

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Kenya			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Tanzania			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Uganda			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Chad			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Ethiopia			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Somalia			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Sudan			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Angola			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Malawi			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Mozambique			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zambia			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zimbabwe			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	Botswana			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	Eswatini			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Côte D'Ivoire			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Gambia			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Ghana			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Guinea-Bissau			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Liberia			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Mali			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Niger			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Nigeria			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Senegal			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Sierra Leone			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Togo			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Burundi			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Cameroon			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Democratic Republic of the Congo			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
1	Native	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Equatorial Guinea			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Rwanda			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Yemen			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Anhui Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Fujian Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Gansu Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Guangdong Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Guangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Guizhou Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Henan Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Hubei Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Hunan Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Jiangsu Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Jiangxi Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Shaanxi Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Sichuan Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Yunnan Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Zhejiang Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Bangladesh			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Bhutan			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Nepal			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Sri Lanka			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Cambodia			Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Laos			Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Myanmar			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Thailand			Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Vietnam			Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Chiapas		Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Tabasco		Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Yucatán		Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil			César, E. A. et al. 2006. Preliminary list of the Leguminosae in northeastern Brazil
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Belize			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Costa Rica			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Guatemala			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Honduras			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Nicaragua			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Panama			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	French Guiana			Funk, V. et al. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Guyana			Funk, V. et al. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Suriname			Funk, V. et al. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Venezuela			Hokche, O. et al. 2008. Nuevo catálogo de la flora vascular de Venezuela.
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Bolivia			Hammel, B. E. et al., eds. 2003-. Manual de plantas de Costa Rica
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Colombia			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Ecuador	Guayas		Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Ecuador	Los Ríos		Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru	Amazonas		Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru	Huánuco		Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru	Junín		Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru	Loreto		Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru	San Martín		Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
2	Cultivated					also cult.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Papuasia	Indonesia	Papua		Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Papuasia	Papua New Guinea			Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist

Native
Africa

NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, Chad
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Rwanda
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Côte D'Ivoire, Ghana, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Angola, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe
SOUTHERN AFRICA: Botswana, Eswatini, South Africa

Asia-Temperate

ARABIAN PENINSULA: Yemen
CHINA: China [Anhui Sheng, Fujian Sheng, Gansu Sheng, Guangdong Sheng, Guangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu, Guizhou Sheng, Henan Sheng, Hubei Sheng, Hunan Sheng, Jiangsu Sheng, Jiangxi Sheng, Shaanxi Sheng, Sichuan Sheng, Yunnan Sheng, Zhejiang Sheng]

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal
INDO-CHINA: Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam

Northern America

SOUTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Chiapas, Tabasco, Yucatán]

Southern America

CENTRAL AMERICA: Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela
BRAZIL: Brazil
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador [Guayas, Los Ríos], Peru [Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San Martín]

Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical

PAPUASIA: Indonesia [Papua], Papua New Guinea

Reference(s)

Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
César, E. A. et al. 2006. Preliminary list of the Leguminosae in northeastern Brazil
Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
Funk, V. et al. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584.
Hammel, B. E. et al., eds. 2003-. Manual de plantas de Costa Rica
Hokche, O. et al. 2008. Nuevo catálogo de la flora vascular de Venezuela.
International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Animal food	forage		Pienaar, B. J. & P. D. F. Kok. 1991. The Vigna vexillata complex (Fabaceae) in southern Africa. S. African J. Bot. 57:237.
Animal food	forage	potential	Karuniawan, A. et al. 2006. Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. cultivated as a root crop in Bali and Timor. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 53:213-217. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-005-1654-5.
Environmental	erosion control		Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds. 1997. Auxiliary plants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 11:261-263.
Environmental	soil improver		Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds. 1997. Auxiliary plants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 11:261-263.
Human food	vegetable		Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
Human food	vegetable		Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants Kampong Publications.

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=41649. Accessed 15 April 2026.