Taxon: Nuttallanthus canadensis (L.) D. A. Sutton

Summary

Genus:

Nuttallanthus

Family:

Plantaginaceae

Tribe:

Antirrhineae

Nomen number:

409898

Place of publication:

A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae 457. 1988

Comment:

still commonly treated as Linaria canadensis L.

Verified:

10/30/2002 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

1 (1 active, 1 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Basionym
Antirrhinum canadense L.

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Linaria canadensis (L.) Dum. Cours.
Linaria canadensis (L.) Dum. Cours. var. canadensis

No images

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

Cronquist, A. et al. 1972-. Intermountain flora. Note: = Linaria canadensis
Diggs, G. M., Jr. et al. 1999. Shinner's and Mahler's illustrated flora of North Central Texas.
Harmon, P. J. et al. 2006. Checklist and atlas of the vascular flora of West Virginia.
Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
Ohio Flora Committee (E. L. Braun, T. S. Cooperrider, T. R. Fisher, J. J. Furlow). 1967-. The vascular flora of Ohio.
Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource).
Voss, E. 1972-. Michigan flora.
Wofford, B. E. Database of Tennessee vascular plants (on-line resource).

Common names

Language	Name	note	seq	Citation
English	blue toadflax	as Linaria canadensis	1	Cronquist, A. et al. 1972-. Intermountain flora. Note: = Linaria canadensis
English	old-field toadflax		1	Diggs, G. M., Jr. et al. 1999. Shinner's and Mahler's illustrated flora of North Central Texas.
English	toadflax		1	Diggs, G. M., Jr. et al. 1999. Shinner's and Mahler's illustrated flora of North Central Texas.

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Nova Scotia		Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Ontario		Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Québec		Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Illinois		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Iowa	e.	Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Kansas		McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Minnesota	s.e.	Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Missouri		Steyermark, J. A. 1977. Flora of Missouri.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Nebraska		McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Oklahoma		McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	South Dakota		McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Wisconsin		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Connecticut		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Indiana		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maine		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Massachusetts		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Michigan		Voss, E. 1972-. Michigan flora.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Hampshire		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Jersey		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New York		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Ohio		Ohio Flora Committee (E. L. Braun, T. S. Cooperrider, T. R. Fisher, J. J. Furlow). 1967-. The vascular flora of Ohio.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Pennsylvania		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Rhode Island		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Vermont		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	West Virginia		Harmon, P. J. et al. 2006. Checklist and atlas of the vascular flora of West Virginia.
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	Texas		Diggs, G. M., Jr. et al. 1999. Shinner's and Mahler's illustrated flora of North Central Texas.
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Alabama		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Arkansas		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Delaware		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Florida		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Georgia		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Kentucky		Browne, E. T. & R. Athey. 1992. Vascular plants of Kentucky: an annotated checklist
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Louisiana		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maryland		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Mississippi		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	North Carolina		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	South Carolina		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Tennessee		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Virginia		Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
2	Cultivated					also cult.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Russian Federation-European part	European part	c.	Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae

Native
Northern America

EASTERN CANADA: Canada [Québec, Nova Scotia, Ontario]
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois, Iowa (e.), Kansas, Minnesota (s.e.), Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Texas]

Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized
Europe

EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part (c.)]

Reference(s)

Browne, E. T. & R. Athey. 1992. Vascular plants of Kentucky: an annotated checklist
Diggs, G. M., Jr. et al. 1999. Shinner's and Mahler's illustrated flora of North Central Texas.
Harmon, P. J. et al. 2006. Checklist and atlas of the vascular flora of West Virginia.
McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
Ohio Flora Committee (E. L. Braun, T. S. Cooperrider, T. R. Fisher, J. J. Furlow). 1967-. The vascular flora of Ohio.
Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
Steyermark, J. A. 1977. Flora of Missouri.
Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae
Voss, E. 1972-. Michigan flora.

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Environmental	ornamental	as Linaria canadensis	Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada Note: as Linaria canadensis
Weed		of unknown importance, as Linaria canadensis	Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds Note: as Linaria canadensis

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=409898. Accessed 12 May 2026.