Taxon: Tilia americana L.

Summary

Genus:

Tilia

Family:

Malvaceae

Subfamily:

Tilioideae

Nomen number:

36668

Place of publication:

Sp. pl. 1:514. 1753

Typification:

View in Linnean Typification Project

Verified:

11/07/1985 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

11 (11 active, 1 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Tilia americana L. var. americana (1 active accession[s])
Tilia americana L. var. caroliniana (Mill.) Castigl. (0 active accession[s])
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loudon (4 active accession[s])
Tilia americana L. var. mexicana (Schltr.) Hardin (0 active accession[s])

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Images (1 total. Click on image for more.)

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Boutelje, J. B. 1980. Encyclopedia of world timbers, names and technical literature
Clark, R. C. 1971. The woody plants of Alabama. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 58:205.
Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening 4:468.
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States
Little, E. L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees, Agric. Handb. 541
Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
Personal Care Products Council. International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient
Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
Rzedowski, J. & G. Rzedowski, eds. 1991-. Flora del Bajio y de regiones adyacentes.
Uphof, J. C. T. 1968. Dictionary of economic plants, ed. 2.
Walters, S. M. et al., eds. 1986-2000. European garden flora.
Wofford, B. E. Database of Tennessee vascular plants (on-line resource).
2018. Oklahoma vascular plant database

Common names

Language	Name	Alternate name	note	seq	Citation
Portuguese (Brazil)	tília			2	Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Swedish	svartlind			2	Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	New Brunswick		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Ontario		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Québec	s.	Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Illinois		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Iowa		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Kansas	e.	Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Minnesota		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Missouri		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Nebraska	n. & e.	Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	North Dakota	e.	Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Oklahoma		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	South Dakota	e.	Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Wisconsin		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Connecticut		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Indiana		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maine		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Massachusetts		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Michigan		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Jersey		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New York		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Ohio		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Pennsylvania		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Vermont		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	West Virginia		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Chihuahua		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Coahuila de Zaragoza		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Durango		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Nuevo León		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	San Luis Potosí		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Sinaloa		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Tamaulipas		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	Texas		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Alabama		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Arkansas		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Kentucky		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maryland		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	North Carolina	w.	Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Tennessee		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Guerrero		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Hidalgo		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Jalisco		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	México		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Michoacán de Ocampo		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Morelos		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Oaxaca		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Puebla		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Querétaro		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave		Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Manitoba	s.e.	Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
2	Cultivated					also cult.

Native
Northern America

EASTERN CANADA: Canada [New Brunswick, Ontario, Québec (s.)]
WESTERN CANADA: Canada [Manitoba (s.e.)]
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vermont, West Virginia]
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas (e.), Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska (n. & e.), North Dakota (e.), Oklahoma, South Dakota (e.), Wisconsin]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina (w.), Tennessee]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Texas]
NORTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas]
SOUTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán de Ocampo, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave]

Cultivated (also cult.)

Reference(s)

Hardin, J. W. 1990. Variation patterns and recognition of varieties of Tilia americana s.l. Syst. Bot. 15:33-48. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Bee plants	honey production		Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
Bee plants	honey production		Uphof, J. C. T. 1968. Dictionary of economic plants, ed. 2.
Environmental	ornamental		Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States
Environmental	shade/shelter		Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States
Materials	fiber	wood pulp	Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States
Materials	wood	veneer, laminated wood	Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=36668. Accessed 15 April 2026.