Taxon:  Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC.



Summary
Genus:
Diplotaxis
Family:
Brassicaceae (alt. Cruciferae)
Tribe:
Brassiceae
Nomen number:
319694
Place of publication:
Syst. nat. 2:634.  1821
Hybrid parentage:
= Diplotaxis viminea × ?D. tenuifolia
Comment:
valid publication verified from original literature
Verified:
02/27/2010 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
2 (1  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Sisymbrium murale L.

Autonym(s)
Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. subsp. muralis
Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. var. muralis

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. subsp. ceratophylla (Batt.) Mart.-Laborde
Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. var. ceratophylla Batt.

No images


Conservation Status

Reference(s)
  1. University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
  2. Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. 2012. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98
  3. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
  4. Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
  5. APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
  6. Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
  7. Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
  8. CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope
  9. Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 116.
  10. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
  11. Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 1366.
  12. Eschmann-Grupe, G. et al. 2003. Species relationships within Diplotaxis (Brassicaceae) and the phylogenetic origin of D. muralis. Pl. Syst. Evol. 243:13-29.
  13. Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants Kampong Publications.
  14. Fennane, M. et al., eds. 1999-. Flore pratique du Maroc.
  15. FitzJohn, R. G. et al. 2007. Hybridisation within Brassica and allied genera: evaluation of potential for transgene escape. Euphytica 158:209-230. Note: Netherlands journal of plant breeding
  16. FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
  17. George, A. S., ed. 1980-. Flora of Australia.
  18. Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
  19. Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
  20. Hanelt, P. 1996. pers. comm.
  21. Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. 1993. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17.
  22. Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
  23. Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
  24. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
  25. Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
  26. Jahandiez, E. & R. Maire. 1931-1941. Catalogue des plantes du Maroc.
  27. Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
  28. Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
  29. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
  30. Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
  31. Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
  32. Martinez-Laborde, J. B. 1991. Notes on the taxonomy of Diplotaxis DC. (Brassiceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 106:69.
  33. Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia.
  34. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  35. Prakash, S., S. R. Bhat & T.-D. Fu. 2009. Chapter 7. Wild germplasm and male sterility. In: Gupta, S. K., Biology and breeding of Crucifers 113-128. Note: CRC Press, Hoboken
  36. Qiong, H. et al. 2009. Chapter 13. Introgression of genes from wild crucifers. In: Gupta, S. K., Biology and breeding of Crucifers 261-308. Note: CRC Press, Hoboken
  37. Rollins, R. C. 1993. The Cruciferae of continental North America
  38. Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
  39. Snowdon, R. et al. 2007. Chapter 7. Brassica oilseeds. In: Singh, R. J. et al., eds., Genetic resources, chromosome engineering, and crop improvement 196-230. Note: CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton - London - New York
  40. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1993. Flora europaea, ed. 2.
  41. Ueno, O. et al. 2006. Evidence from photosynthetic characteristics for the hybrid origin of Diplotaxis muralis from a C3-C4 intermediate and a C3 species. Pl. Biol. 8:253-259. Note: this study reports data supporting the hybrid origin of this taxon
  42. Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource).
  43. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2006. Brassicaceae: Species checklist and database on CD-Rom. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259:249-258. Note: lists in database
  44. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2009. PART III. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization data. In: Warwick, S.I. et al., Guide to wild germplasm of Brassica and allied crops (Tribe Brassiceae, Brassicaceae), ed. 3 (on-line resource). 1-91.
  45. Warwick, S. I. 1993. Guide to wild germplasm of Brassica and allied crops. Pt. 1. Taxonomy and genome status in tribe Brassiceae
  46. Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
  47. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
  48. Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. 1996, 1999. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74.
Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
Englishannual wall rocket  1Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
Englishcrossweed  1FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
Englishnannyweed  1Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
Englishsand rocket  1FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
Englishstinking wall rocket  1FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
Englishstinkweed  1FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
EnglishTeetulpa-weed  1Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
Englishwall mustard  1Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
Englishwall rocket  1Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
English (Canada)sand-rocket Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada official name2Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 116.
French (Canada)diplotaxe des murs Agriculture & Agroalimentaire Canada nom officiel2Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 116.
GermanMauer-Doppelsame  2Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 1366.
Swedishmursenap  2Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNoteReference
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria n.Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya n.Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian Federation-CiscaucasiaCiscaucasia Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey n.w.Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeUkraine incl. KrymJalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeBelgium  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeCzech Republic  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeNetherlands  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropePoland  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSlovakia  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeAlbania  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBosnia and Herzegovina  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeCroatia  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly incl. Sardinia, SicilyJalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeMalta  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeMontenegro  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeNorth Macedonia  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSerbia  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSlovenia  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance incl. CorsicaJalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain incl. BalearesJalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedAfricaMacaronesiaPortugalAzores Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth Africa  Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateChinaChinaLiaoning Sheng Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaJammu and Kashmir Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
4NaturalizedAustralasiaNew ZealandNew Zealand  Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeBelarus  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeEstonia  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeLatvia  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeLithuania  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeRussian Federation-European partEuropean part Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeDenmark  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeIreland  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway s.Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeSweden s.Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeUnited Kingdom  Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
4NaturalizedNorthern America Canada  Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
4NaturalizedNorthern America United States  Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthern MexicoMexicoCoahuila de Zaragoza FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthern MexicoMexicoNuevo León FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
4NaturalizedPacificSouthwestern PacificNew Caledonia  Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaCaribbeanBahamas  FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaCaribbeanBermuda  FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaCaribbeanHispaniola  Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. 2012. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentina  Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaChile  Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaEcuadorAzuay Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaEcuadorTungurahua Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaPeruJunín Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria (n.), Libya (n.), Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Turkey (n.w.)
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Georgia
Europe
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Croatia, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), North Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Naturalized
Africa
  • MACARONESIA: Portugal [Azores]
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa
Asia-Temperate
  • CHINA: China [Liaoning Sheng]
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India [Jammu and Kashmir]
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
  • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand
Europe
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway (s.), Sweden (s.)
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia
Northern America
  • NORTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Coahuila de Zaragoza, Nuevo León]
  • REGION: Canada, United States
Pacific
  • SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: New Caledonia
Southern America
  • CARIBBEAN: Hispaniola, Bahamas, Bermuda
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador [Azuay, Tungurahua], Peru [Junín]
  • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile

Reference(s)
  1. Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. 2012. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98
  2. Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
  3. Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
  4. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
  5. FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
  6. Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
  7. Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
  8. Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
  9. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
  10. Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
  11. Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
  12. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
  13. Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
  14. Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
  15. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Human foodvegetable Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants Kampong Publications.
Human foodvegetable Hanelt, P. 1996. pers. comm.
Weed  CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=319694. Accessed 15 April 2026.