Taxon:  Hedera helix L.



Summary
Genus:
Hedera
Family:
Araliaceae
Subfamily:
Aralioideae
Nomen number:
300252
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:202.  1753
Verified:
09/29/1997 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
32 (5  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Hedera helix L. f. helix (0 active accession[s])
Hedera helix L. f. poetarum (Nyman) McAll. & A. Rutherf. (0 active accession[s])
Hedera helix L. subsp. helix (1 active accession[s])
Hedera helix L. subsp. rhizomatifera McAll. (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Hedera poetarum Bertol.
Hedera poetarum Bertol. var. poetarum

Images (3 total. Click on image for more.)
Fruit

Conservation Status

Reference(s)
  1. University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
  2. Ackerfield, J. 2001. Trichome morphology in Hedera (Araliaceae). Edinburgh J. Bot. 58:259-267.
  3. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
  4. Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
  5. APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
  6. Arechavaleta, M. et al., coords. 2009. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres
  7. Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
  8. Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
  9. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
  10. Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
  11. Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage
  12. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
  13. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
  14. Foreman, D. B. & N. G. Walsh. 1993-. Flora of Victoria.
  15. Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
  16. Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
  17. Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
  18. Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
  19. Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
  20. Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
  21. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
  22. Krüssmann, G. 1984. Manual of cultivated broad-leaved trees and shrubs (English translation of Handbuch der Laubgehölze. 1976)
  23. Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
  24. Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
  25. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
  26. Meyer, F. G. et al. 1994. A catalog of cultivated woody plants of the southeastern United States
  27. Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
  28. Personal Care Products Council. International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient
  29. Stace, C. 1995. New flora of the British Isles.
  30. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
  31. Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource).
  32. Wagner, W. L. et al. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i
  33. Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
  34. 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
Englishivy  1Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage
GermanEfeu  2Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNoteReference
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia n.Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian Federation-CiscaucasiaCiscaucasia Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaCyprus  Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIsrael  Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaSyria  Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeBelarus  Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeLatvia  Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeLithuania  Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeMoldova  Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeUkraine incl. KrymGovaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeBelgium  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeCzechoslovakia  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeNetherlands  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropePoland  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeDenmark  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeIreland  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeSweden  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeUnited Kingdom  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeAlbania  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeFormer Yugoslavia  Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece incl. CreteGreuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly incl. Sardinia, SicilyGreuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance incl. CorsicaTutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain incl. BalearesTutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
2Cultivated    widely cult.Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
4NaturalizedAustralasiaNew ZealandNew Zealand  Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
4NaturalizedNorthern America Canada  Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
4NaturalizedNorthern America United States  Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificUnited StatesHawaii Wagner, W. L. et al. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia (n.), Georgia
Europe
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Czechoslovakia, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Former Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete), Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Romania
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated (widely cult.)
Naturalized
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
  • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand
Northern America
  • REGION: Canada, United States
Pacific
  • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]

Reference(s)
  1. Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
  2. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
  3. Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
  4. Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
  5. Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
  6. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
  7. Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
  8. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
  9. Wagner, W. L. et al. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i
  10. Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Environmentalornamental Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Medicinesfolklore Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Medicinesfolklore McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=300252. Accessed 15 April 2026.