Taxon: Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit

Summary

Genus:

Leucaena

Family:

Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae)

Subfamily:

Caesalpinioideae

Tribe:

Mimoseae

Nomen number:

21959

Place of publication:

Taxon 10:54. 1961

Verified:

10/30/1989 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

548 (403 active, 311 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit subsp. glabrata (Rose) Zárate (0 active accession[s])
Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit subsp. ixtahuacana C. E. Hughes (0 active accession[s])
Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit subsp. leucocephala (0 active accession[s])

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Acacia glauca Willd.

Invalid Designation(s)
Leucaena glauca auct.

Images (1 total. Click on image for more.)

Links

Forestry Images – from www.forestryimages.org

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
Abbiw, D. K. 1990. Useful plants of Ghana Intermediate Technology Publications & Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
Aubréville, A. et al., eds. 1960-. Flore du Cambodge du Laos et du Viet-Nam.
Bosser, J. M. et al., eds. 1976-. Flores des Mascareignes.
Boutelje, J. B. 1980. Encyclopedia of world timbers, names and technical literature
Brewbaker, J. L. 1987. Species in the genus Leucaena. Leucaena Res. Rep. 7(2):15.
Campbell, F. T., ed. 1995. Report of National Coalition of Exotic Plant Pest Councils (unpublished draft)
Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959-. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds. 1997. Auxiliary plants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 11:175-180.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
Hacker, J. B. 1990. A guide to herbaceous and shrub legumes of Queensland University of Queensland Press, St. Lucia, Australia.
Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. 1993. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17.
Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
Hughes, C. E. 1998. Leucaena: a genetic resources handbook. Trop. Forest. Pap. Commonw. Forest. Inst. 37:182.
Hughes, C. 1998. Monograph of Leucaena (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae). Syst. Bot. Monogr. 55:107.
Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
Isely, D. 1973. Leguminosae of the United States: I. Subfamily Mimosoideae. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 25(1):95.
Isely, D. 1998. Native and naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) of the United States (exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii)
Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
Lira, R. et al., eds. 2016. Ethnobotany of Mexico Springer, New York, US. 94.
Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
Nasir, S. M. & M. Athar. 1998. Fuelwood as an energy source. Phytologia 85:106.
National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future 131-132.
National Academy of Sciences. 1980. Firewood crops. Shrub and tree species for energy production
Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Shaw, E. A. & B. G. Schubert. 1976. A reinterpretation of Leucaena and Lysiloma. J. Arnold Arbor. 57:113.
Smith, R. J. Botanical beads of the world (on-line resource).
Smitinand, T. & K. Larsen, eds. 1970-. Flora of Thailand.
't Mannetje, L. & R. M. Jones, eds. 1992. Forages. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 4:150.
Turner, B. L. 1959. The legumes of Texas.
Verdcourt, B. 1979. A manual of New Guinea legumes.
Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Zárate Pedroche, S. 1984. Taxonomic revision of the genus Leucaena from Mexico. Bull. Groupe Int. Étude Mimosoideae 12:29.
Zárate Pedroche, S. 1987. Taxonomic identity of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit with a new combination. Phytologia 63:304-306.
Zárate Pedroche, S. 1994. Revisión del género Leucaena Benth. en México. Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 65:124.
1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.

Common names

Language	Name	seq	Citation
English	coffeebush	1	Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
English	horse-tamarind	1	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
English	ipil-ipil	1	Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
English	jumbie-bean	1	Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
English	leadtree	1	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
English	leucaena	1	Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
English	sneakytree	1	Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
English	vi-vi	1	Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
English	white popinac	1	Turner, B. L. 1959. The legumes of Texas.
Afrikaans	reusewattel	2	Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
French	graines de lin	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Hawaiian	koa haole	2	1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
Spanish	guaje	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	huaxin	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	tamarindo silvestre	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	uaxim	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Swedish	ipil-ipil	2	Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Transcribed Chinese	yin he huan	2	Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Campeche		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Chiapas		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Oaxaca	s.e.	McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Quintana Roo		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Tabasco		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Yucatán		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Belize		n.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Guatemala		w.
2	Cultivated					also cult.
4	Naturalized	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Kenya			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Tanzania			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Uganda			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	Macaronesia	Cabo Verde			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	Macaronesia	Portugal	Madeira Islands		Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. 1993. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Macaronesia	Spain	Canarias		Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. 1993. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Chad			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Ethiopia			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Somalia			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Sudan			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northern Africa	Egypt			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Angola			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Malawi			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Mozambique			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zimbabwe			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	Eswatini			Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa	Eastern Cape		Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa	KwaZulu-Natal		Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa	Limpopo		Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa	Mpumalanga		Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Côte D'Ivoire			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Ghana			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Guinea			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Guinea-Bissau			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Liberia			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Mali			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Niger			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Nigeria			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Senegal			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Sierra Leone			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Togo			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Burundi			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Democratic Republic of the Congo			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Equatorial Guinea			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Sao Tome and Principe			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Comoros			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Mauritius			Bosser, J. M. et al., eds. 1976-. Flores des Mascareignes.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Reunion			Bosser, J. M. et al., eds. 1976-. Flores des Mascareignes.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Seychelles
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	China	China			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Bangladesh			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Bhutan			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Maldives			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Nepal			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Pakistan			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Sri Lanka			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	India	Andaman and Nicobar Islands		Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Philippines			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Papuasia	Solomon Islands			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Australasia	Australia	Australia			Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
4	Naturalized	Europe		Europe		s.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	Texas		Isely, D. 1998. Native and naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) of the United States (exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii)
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Florida		Isely, D. 1998. Native and naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) of the United States (exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii)
4	Naturalized	Pacific	North-Central Pacific	United States	Hawaii		Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Northwestern Pacific	Marshall Islands			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Northwestern Pacific	Micronesia			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Northwestern Pacific	Palau			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Northwestern Pacific	United States	Guam		Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Northwestern Pacific	United States	Northern Mariana Islands		Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	South-Central Pacific	Cook Islands			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	South-Central Pacific	French Polynesia			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	South-Central Pacific	Kiribati	Line Islands		Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Fiji			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Kiribati	Gilbert Islands		Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Nauru			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	New Caledonia			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Niue			Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Samoa			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Tonga			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	United States	American Samoa		Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Vanuatu			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Wallis and Futuna Islands			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Western South America	Ecuador	Galápagos		Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).

Native
Northern America

SOUTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca (s.e.), Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, Yucatán]

Southern America

CENTRAL AMERICA: Belize (n.), Guatemala (w.)

Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized
Africa

MACARONESIA: Cabo Verde, Spain [Canarias], Portugal [Madeira Islands]
NORTHERN AFRICA: Egypt
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, Chad
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Côte D'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Angola, Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe
SOUTHERN AFRICA: Eswatini, South Africa [Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga]
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Comoros, Mauritius, Reunion, Seychelles

Asia-Temperate

CHINA: China

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan
PAPUASIA: Solomon Islands
INDO-CHINA: India [Andaman and Nicobar Islands]
MALESIA: Philippines

Australasia

AUSTRALIA: Australia

Europe

REGION: Europe (s.)

Northern America

SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Florida]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Texas]

Pacific

NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Micronesia, Marshall Islands, Palau, United States [Guam, Northern Mariana Islands]
SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: Cook Islands, Kiribati [Line Islands], French Polynesia
SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Fiji, Kiribati [Gilbert Islands], New Caledonia, Niue, Nauru, Tonga, United States [American Samoa], Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna Islands, Samoa

Southern America

WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador [Galápagos]

Reference(s)

Bosser, J. M. et al., eds. 1976-. Flores des Mascareignes.
Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. 1993. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17.
Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
Isely, D. 1998. Native and naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) of the United States (exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii)
Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Animal food	fodder		Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
Animal food	forage		Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
Environmental	agroforestry		't Mannetje, L. & R. M. Jones, eds. 1992. Forages. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 4:150.
Environmental	revegetator	potential	National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future 131-132.
Fuels	fuelwood		National Academy of Sciences. 1980. Firewood crops. Shrub and tree species for energy production
Human food	vegetable		Lira, R. et al., eds. 2016. Ethnobotany of Mexico Springer, New York, US. 94.
Materials	beads		Smith, R. J. Botanical beads of the world (on-line resource).
Materials	fiber	pulp for the manufacture of paper	National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future 131-132.
Materials	fiber	pulp for the manufacture of paper	Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds. 1997. Auxiliary plants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 11:175-180.
Vertebrate poisons	mammals		Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisons	mammals		Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
Weed	seed contaminant	potential	Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Weed	seed contaminant	potential	Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
Weed	seed contaminant	potential	Campbell, F. T., ed. 1995. Report of National Coalition of Exotic Plant Pest Councils (unpublished draft)

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=21959. Accessed 15 April 2026.