Taxon: Hymenaea courbaril L.

Summary

Genus:

Hymenaea

Family:

Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae)

Subfamily:

Detarioideae

Nomen number:

19489

Place of publication:

Sp. pl. 2:1192. 1753

Typification:

View in Linnean Typification Project

Verified:

12/18/1987 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

7 (0 active, 0 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Hymenaea courbaril L. var. courbaril (0 active accession[s])
Hymenaea courbaril L. var. stilbocarpa (Hayne) Y. T. Lee & Langenh. (0 active accession[s])

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

No images

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
Boer, E. & A. B. Ella, eds. 2000. Plants producing exudates. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 18:82.
Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959-. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
IPGRI. New World Fruits Database (on-line resource).
Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
Lewis, G. P. & P. E. Owen. 1989. Legumes of the Ilha de Maraca
Lewis, G. P. 1987. Legumes of Bahia
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
Mors, W. T. & C. T. Rizzini. 1966. Useful plants of Brazil.
National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future
Personal Care Products Council. International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient
Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Secretaria Pro-Tempore. 1993-. Tratado de Cooperacion Amazonica.
Smith, R. J. Botanical beads of the world (on-line resource).
Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. 1946-1976. Flora of Guatemala.
Steyermark, J. A. et al., eds. 1995-. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Note: Missouri Botanical Garden & Timber Press

Common names

Language	Name	seq	Citation
English	amami-gum	1	Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
English	Brazilian copal	1	Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
English	South American-locust	1	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
English	West Indian-locust	1	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French	caroubier de la Guyane	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French	courbaril	2	National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future
German	Heuschreckenbaum	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Portuguese	jataí	2	Mors, W. T. & C. T. Rizzini. 1966. Useful plants of Brazil.
Portuguese	jatobá	2	Mors, W. T. & C. T. Rizzini. 1966. Useful plants of Brazil.
Portuguese	jutaí	2	Mors, W. T. & C. T. Rizzini. 1966. Useful plants of Brazil.
Portuguese (Brazil)	farinheira	2	Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Portuguese (Brazil)	jitaí	2	Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Spanish	copal	2	Secretaria Pro-Tempore. 1993-. Tratado de Cooperacion Amazonica.
Spanish	curbaril	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	guapinol	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	paquio	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Swedish	jatoba	2	Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Campeche		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Guerrero		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Jalisco		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Nayarit		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Oaxaca		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Amapá		Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Amazonas		Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Bahia		Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Ceará		Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Goiás		Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Maranhão		Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Mato Grosso		Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Pará		Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Paraíba		Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Piauí		Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Antigua and Barbuda			Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Cuba			Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Dominica			Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Grenada			Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Guadeloupe			Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Hispaniola			Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Jamaica			Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Martinique			Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Montserrat			Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	St. Lucia			Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	St. Vincent and Grenadines			Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	United States	Puerto Rico		Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	El Salvador			Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Guatemala			Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Honduras			Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Panama			Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	French Guiana			Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Guyana			Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Suriname			Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Venezuela			Steyermark, J. A. et al., eds. 1995-. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Note: Missouri Botanical Garden & Timber Press
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Bolivia			Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Colombia			Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru	Loreto		Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru	Madre de Dios		Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
2	Cultivated					also cult.

Native
Northern America

SOUTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Campeche, Guerrero, Jalisco, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave]

Southern America

CARIBBEAN: Hispaniola, Antigua and Barbuda, Cuba, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Grenada, Jamaica, St. Lucia, Montserrat, Martinique, United States [Puerto Rico], St. Vincent and Grenadines
CENTRAL AMERICA: Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, El Salvador
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela
BRAZIL: Brazil [Amapá, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraíba, Piauí]
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Bolivia, Colombia, Peru [Loreto, Madre de Dios]

Cultivated (also cult.)

Reference(s)

Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
Lee, Y.-T. & J. H. Langenheim. 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69:79-92.
McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
Steyermark, J. A. et al., eds. 1995-. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Note: Missouri Botanical Garden & Timber Press

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Reference
Bee plants	honey production	Boer, E. & A. B. Ella, eds. 2000. Plants producing exudates. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 18:82.
Environmental	agroforestry	Boer, E. & A. B. Ella, eds. 2000. Plants producing exudates. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 18:82.
Human food	beverage base	National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future
Human food	fruit	National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future
Materials	beads	Smith, R. J. Botanical beads of the world (on-line resource).
Materials	gum/resin	Boer, E. & A. B. Ella, eds. 2000. Plants producing exudates. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 18:82.
Materials	wood	Boer, E. & A. B. Ella, eds. 2000. Plants producing exudates. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 18:82.
Medicines	folklore	Boer, E. & A. B. Ella, eds. 2000. Plants producing exudates. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 18:82.
Medicines	folklore	McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=19489. Accessed 12 May 2026.