Taxon: Hordeum jubatum L.

Summary

Genus:

Hordeum

Subgenus:

Hordeastrum

Section:

Stenostachys

Series:

Critesion

Family:

Poaceae (alt. Gramineae)

Subfamily:

Pooideae

Tribe:

Triticeae

Nomen number:

19308

Place of publication:

Sp. pl. 1:85. 1753

Typification:

View in Linnean Typification Project

Verified:

11/05/2007 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

57 (20 active, 18 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Hordeum jubatum L. subsp. intermedium Bowden (0 active accession[s])
Hordeum jubatum L. subsp. jubatum (2 active accession[s])

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Autonym(s)
Hordeum jubatum L. var. jubatum

Images (3 total. Click on image for more.)

Links

Forestry Images – from www.forestryimages.org
Spikelet – Seed ID Workshop image, from Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource).
Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
Baum, B. R. & L. G. Bailey. 1994. Taxonomy of Hordeum caespitosum, H. jubatum, and H. lechleri (Poaceae: Triticeae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 190:97-111.
Blattner, F. R. 2004. Phylogenetic analysis of Hordeum (Poaceae) as inferred by nuclear rDNA ITS sequences. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 33:289-299.
Bothmer, R. von & N. Jacobsen. 1985. Origin, taxonomy, and related species. In D. C. Rasmusson, ed., Barley. Agronomy 26:42.
Bothmer, R. von & N. Jacobsen. 1986. Interspecific crosses in Hordeum (Poaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 153:49-64.
Bothmer, R. von et al. 1983. Interspecific hybridization with cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare). Hereditas (Beijing) 99:219-244.
CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope
Cronquist, A. et al. 1972-. Intermountain flora.
Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 31-32.
Doebley, J. et al. 1992. Chloroplast DNA variation and the phylogeny of Hordeum (Poaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 79:576-584. Note: finds that this taxon clusters among American species & close to other polyploids (Hordeum brachyantherum 4x, H. guatemalense & H. lechleri) & 2x H. brachyantherum suggesting for the latter a role in its evolution
Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.
Gould, F. W. & R. Moran. 1981. The grasses of Baja California, Mexico.
Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Jakob, S. S. & F. R. Blattner. 2006. A chloroplast genealogy of Hordeum (Poaceae): long-term persisting haplotypes, incomplete lineage sorting, regional extinction, and the consequences for phylogenetic inference. Molec. Biol. Evol. 23:1602-1612. Note: found a monophyletic genus with four groups; for this taxon 17 individuals of 14 populations there were 3 haplotypes, one Asian, one N American & one shared with two S. American taxa, the Asian one might represent dispersal from N America
Kharkevich, S. S., ed. 1985. Vascular plants of the Russian Far East. Note: also cited as "Vascular plants of the Soviet Far East", and "Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal'nego Vostoka"
Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada.
Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
Magee, D. W. & H. E. Ahles. 1999. Flora of the Northeast. A manual of the vascular flora of New England and adjacent New York.
McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
Nishikawa, T. et al. 2002. Molecular phylogeny of the genus Hordeum using three chloroplast DNA sequences. Genome 45:1157-1166. Note: finds evidence for recognizing this taxon in one of the 8 supported subclades, sister to Hordeum guatemalense & clustered with H. depressum, and 2x-4x H. brachyantherum suggesting a maternal ancestry role for the latter diploid taxon
Petersen, G. 1991. Intergeneric hybridization between Hordeum and Secale (Poaceae). I. Crosses and development of hybrids. Nordic J. Bot. 11:253-270.
Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Rzedowski, J. & G. Rzedowski, eds. 1979-. Flora fanerogámica del Valle de México.
Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
Skvortsov, A. K., ed. 2006. Flora of the Lower Volga region 1:246.
Soreng, R. J. et al. 2003. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48:394.
Taketa, S. et al. 2005. Ancestry of American polyploid Hordeum species with the I genome inferred from 5S and 18S-25S rDNA. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 96:23-33.
Tzvelev, N. N. 1976. Zlaki SSSR
Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource).
Welsh, S. L. et al. 1987. A Utah flora. Great Basin Naturalist Mem. 9.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Yang, J. L. et al. 1989. The genus Hordeum (Gramineae) in China. Variation and distribution. Willdenowia 16:487.
Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 1994. Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en la República Argentina. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 47
Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 2008. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares del Cono Sur (Argentina, sur de Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay). Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 107:778. Note: introduced
2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)

Common names

Language	Name	note	seq	Citation
English	foxtail barley		1	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
English (Canada)	foxtail barley	Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada official name	2	Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 31-32.
French	orge à crinière		2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French (Canada)	orge queue-d’écureuil	Agriculture & Agroalimentaire Canada nom officiel	2	Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 31-32.
German	Mähnengerste		2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Portuguese (Brazil)	cevada-de-jardim		2	Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Portuguese (Brazil)	cevada-rabo-de-raposa		2	Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Swedish	ekorrkorn		2	Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Heilongjiang Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Liaoning Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Habarovskij kraj		Kharkevich, S. S., ed. 1985. Vascular plants of the Russian Far East. Note: also cited as "Vascular plants of the Soviet Far East", and "Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal'nego Vostoka"
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Kamčatskij kraj		Kharkevich, S. S., ed. 1985. Vascular plants of the Russian Far East. Note: also cited as "Vascular plants of the Soviet Far East", and "Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal'nego Vostoka"
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Magadanskaja oblast'		Kharkevich, S. S., ed. 1985. Vascular plants of the Russian Far East. Note: also cited as "Vascular plants of the Soviet Far East", and "Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal'nego Vostoka"
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Primorye		Kharkevich, S. S., ed. 1985. Vascular plants of the Russian Far East. Note: also cited as "Vascular plants of the Soviet Far East", and "Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal'nego Vostoka"
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Buryatia		Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Irkutsk	s.	Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Kemerovskaja oblast'		Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Krasnoyarsk	s.	Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Kurganskaja oblast'		Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Omsk		Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Yakutia-Sakha		Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Russian Federation	Astrakhan		Skvortsov, A. K., ed. 2006. Flora of the Lower Volga region 1:246.
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Russian Federation	Saratov		Skvortsov, A. K., ed. 2006. Flora of the Lower Volga region 1:246.
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	New Brunswick		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Newfoundland and Labrador		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Nova Scotia		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Prince Edward Island		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Québec		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Illinois		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Iowa		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Kansas		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Minnesota		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Missouri		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Nebraska		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	North Dakota		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Oklahoma		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	South Dakota		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Wisconsin		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Indiana		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maine		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Massachusetts		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Michigan		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Hampshire		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Jersey		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New York		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Ohio		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Pennsylvania		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Rhode Island		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	West Virginia		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Baja California (Norte)		Gould, F. W. & R. Moran. 1981. The grasses of Baja California, Mexico.
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Colorado		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Idaho		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Montana		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Oregon		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Washington		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Wyoming		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	New Mexico		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	Texas		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maryland		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Arizona		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	California		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Nevada		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Utah		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Subarctic America	Canada	Northwest Territories		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Subarctic America	Canada	Yukon		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Subarctic America	United States	Alaska		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Alberta		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	British Columbia		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Manitoba		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Saskatchewan		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
3	Adventive	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Kurile Islands		Kharkevich, S. S., ed. 1985. Vascular plants of the Russian Far East. Note: also cited as "Vascular plants of the Soviet Far East", and "Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal'nego Vostoka"
3	Adventive	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Sakhalin		Kharkevich, S. S., ed. 1985. Vascular plants of the Russian Far East. Note: also cited as "Vascular plants of the Soviet Far East", and "Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal'nego Vostoka"
3	Adventive	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	San Luis Potosí		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
3	Adventive	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Arkansas		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
3	Adventive	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Kentucky		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
3	Adventive	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	North Carolina		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
3	Adventive	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	South Carolina		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
3	Adventive	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Tennessee		FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
3	Adventive	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Virginia	w. & e.	FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
3	Adventive	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Ciudad de México		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
3	Adventive	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Jalisco		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	Lesotho			Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Novosibirsk		Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
4	Naturalized	Australasia	New Zealand	New Zealand	South Island		Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Belarus			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Moldova			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Russian Federation-European part	European part		Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Ukraine			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Austria			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Belgium			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Czech Republic			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Germany			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Hungary			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Netherlands			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Poland			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Slovakia			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Switzerland			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Northern Europe	Denmark			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Northern Europe	Finland			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Northern Europe	Norway			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Northern Europe	Sweden			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Romania			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina			Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 1994. Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en la República Argentina. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 47
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Southern South America	Chile			Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 1994. Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en la República Argentina. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 47

Native
Asia-Temperate

SIBERIA: Russian Federation [Buryatia, Irkutsk (s.), Kemerovskaja oblast', Krasnoyarsk (s.), Kurganskaja oblast', Omsk, Yakutia-Sakha]
RUSSIAN FAR EAST: Russian Federation [Kamčatskij kraj, Habarovskij kraj, Magadanskaja oblast', Primorye]
CHINA: China [Heilongjiang Sheng, Liaoning Sheng]

Europe

EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation [Astrakhan, Saratov]

Northern America

SUBARCTIC AMERICA: Canada [Northwest Territories, Yukon], United States [Alaska]
EASTERN CANADA: Canada [Québec, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador]
WESTERN CANADA: Canada [Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba, British Columbia]
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, West Virginia]
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin]
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Maryland]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [New Mexico, Texas]
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah]
NORTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Baja California (Norte)]

Adventive
Asia-Temperate

RUSSIAN FAR EAST: Russian Federation [Kurile Islands, Sakhalin]

Northern America

SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Arkansas, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia (w. & e.)]
NORTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [San Luis Potosí]
SOUTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Jalisco, Ciudad de México]

Naturalized
Africa

SOUTHERN AFRICA: Lesotho

Asia-Temperate

SIBERIA: Russian Federation [Novosibirsk]

Australasia

NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand [South Island]

Europe

NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden
MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Romania

Southern America

SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile

Reference(s)

Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
Gould, F. W. & R. Moran. 1981. The grasses of Baja California, Mexico.
Kharkevich, S. S., ed. 1985. Vascular plants of the Russian Far East. Note: also cited as "Vascular plants of the Soviet Far East", and "Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal'nego Vostoka"
Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
Skvortsov, A. K., ed. 2006. Flora of the Lower Volga region 1:246.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 1994. Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en la República Argentina. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 47

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Vertebrate poisons	mammals		Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada.
Weed	seed contaminant	potential	CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=19308. Accessed 17 April 2026.