Taxon:  Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa



Summary
Genus:
Aegle
Family:
Rutaceae
Subfamily:
Aurantioideae
Tribe:
Aurantieae
Subtribe:
Balsamocitrinae
Nomen number:
1560
Place of publication:
Trans. Linn. Soc. 5:223.  1800
Verified:
05/15/2008 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
64 (5  active, 4  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Crateva marmelos L.

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Belou marmelos (L.) A. Lyons

Images (2 total. Click on image for more.)
Fruits

Conservation Status

Reference(s)
  1. APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
  2. Backer, C. A. & R. C. Bakhuizen van den Brink, Jr. 1963-1968. Flora of Java.
  3. Carpenter, J. B. & P. C. Reece. 1969. Catalog of genera, species, and subordinate taxa in the orange subfamily Aurantioideae (Rutaceae).
  4. Citrus Crop Germplasm Committee. 1998. pers. comm. Note: re. common names
  5. Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980-. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
  6. Dhakar, M. K. et al. 2019. Genotypic diversity for fruit characteristic in bael [Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.] based on principal component analysis. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 66:951-964. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-019-00757-x. Note: examines genetic variability of the multipurpose fruits of Aegle marmelos
  7. Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
  8. Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
  9. Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants Kampong Publications.
  10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
  11. Grierson, A. J. C. & D. J. Long. 1984-. Flora of Bhutan including a record of plants from Sikkim.
  12. Grosser, J. W. et al. 2000. Somatic hybridization in Citrus: an effective tool to facilitate variety improvement. In Vitro Cell. Developmental Biol., Plant 36:434-449. Note: this review cites a hybrid involving Citrus unshiu and Aegle marmelosfor both expanding germplasm and research
  13. Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
  14. Hara, H. et al. 1978-1982. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal.
  15. Kala, C. P. et al. 2004. Prioritization of medicinal plants on the basis of available knowledge, existing practices and use value status in Uttaranchal, India. Biodivers. & Conservation 13:459.
  16. Kumar, K. et al. 2018. Somatic embryogenesis, In Vitro selection and plantlet regeneration for Citrus improvement. Biotechnol. Crop Improvem. 1:373-406. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78283-6_11.
  17. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
  18. Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
  19. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
  20. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
  21. Personal Care Products Council. International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient
  22. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  23. Rehm, S. & G. Espig. 1991. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics
  24. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
  25. Saldanha, C. J. & D. H. Nicolson. 1976. Flora of Hassan district.
  26. Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
  27. Smith, A. C. 1979-1991. Flora vitiensis nova.
  28. St. John, H. 1973. List and summary of the flowering plants in the Hawaiian islands
  29. Swingle, W. T. & P. C. Reece. 1943. The botany of Citrus and its wild relatives. 455.
  30. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
  31. 1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
Englishbael  11961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
Englishbaeltree  1Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Englishbelfruit-tree  1Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
EnglishBengal-quince  1Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Englishgolden-apple  11961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
EnglishIndian baelfruit  1Swingle, W. T. & P. C. Reece. 1943. The botany of Citrus and its wild relatives. 455.
Chinesemu ju木橘 2Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Frenchbel indien  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
GermanBelbaum  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Indiabeli  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishbela  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishmilva  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNoteReference
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaAndhra Pradesh Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaBihar Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaHimachal Pradesh Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaJammu and Kashmir Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaKarnataka Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaKerala Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaMadhya Pradesh Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaMaharashtra Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaPunjab Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaRajasthan Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaTamil Nadu Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaUttar Pradesh Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaWest Bengal Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentNepal  Hara, H. et al. 1978-1982. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaIndiaAndaman and Nicobar Islands Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaMyanmar   
2CultivatedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndia  Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
2CultivatedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentSri Lanka  Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
2CultivatedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaThailand  Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
2CultivatedAsia-TropicalMalesiaIndonesia  Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
2CultivatedAsia-TropicalMalesiaMalaysia  Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
Native
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India [Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Karnataka], Nepal
  • INDO-CHINA: India [Andaman and Nicobar Islands], Myanmar
Cultivated
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India, Sri Lanka
  • INDO-CHINA: Thailand
  • MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia

Reference(s)
  1. Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
  2. Hara, H. et al. 1978-1982. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal.
  3. Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Human foodfruitespecially in IndiaSwingle, W. T. & P. C. Reece. 1943. The botany of Citrus and its wild relatives. 455.
Materialsessential oils Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
Materialsgum/resin Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
Materialswood Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
Medicinesfolklore Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Medicinesfolklore Kala, C. P. et al. 2004. Prioritization of medicinal plants on the basis of available knowledge, existing practices and use value status in Uttaranchal, India. Biodivers. & Conservation 13:459.
Medicinesfolklore McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=1560. Accessed 12 May 2026.