Taxon:  Echinochloa stagnina (Retz.) P. Beauv.



Summary
Genus:
Echinochloa
Family:
Poaceae (alt. Gramineae)
Subfamily:
Panicoideae
Tribe:
Paniceae
Subtribe:
Boivinellinae
Nomen number:
14836
Place of publication:
Ess. Agrostogr. 53, 161, 171.  1812
Comment:
misspelled "stagminum" on p. 53, combination made in index
Verified:
05/29/1995 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
4 (1  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Panicum stagninum Retz.

Images (3 total. Click on image for more.)
Disseminule drawings\; A-B: Spikelet in two views; C-D: floret in two views; E-F: caryopsis in two views

Conservation Status

Reference(s)
  1. PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
  2. Ado, M. N. et al. 2019. Echinochloa stagnina improves soil structure and phytodesalinization of irrigated saline sodic vertisols. Pl. & Soil 434:413-424. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-018-3853-9. Note: potential source for improving soil physical properties, desalinization and use as forage
  3. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
  4. Bor, N. L. 1960. The grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India, and Pakistan.
  5. Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980-. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
  6. Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960-. Flora zambesiaca.
  7. Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. 1990. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58
  8. Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
  9. Grubben, G. J. H. & Soetjipto Partohardjono, eds. 1996. Cereals. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 10:89.
  10. Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. 1989-. Flora of Ethiopia Note: Eritrea added in 2000
  11. Holttum, R. E. et al. 1953-1971. A revised flora of Malaya.
  12. Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
  13. Lazarides, M. 1980. The tropical grasses of Southeast Asia
  14. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
  15. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  16. Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica. Note: mentions
  17. Rehm, S. & G. Espig. 1991. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics Note: presently used in the Niger basin
  18. Shukla, U. 1996. Grasses of north-eastern India
  19. Thulin, M., ed. 1993-. Flora of Somalia.
  20. Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa.
  21. Veldkamp, J. F. 1997. pers. comm. Note: re. common names
  22. Zon, A. P. M. van der. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun
Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
Englishburgu grass  1Veldkamp, J. F. 1997. pers. comm. Note: re. common names
Englishhippo grass  1Veldkamp, J. F. 1997. pers. comm. Note: re. common names
Englishlong-awn water grass  1Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. 1990. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58
Portuguese (Brazil)capim-arroz  2Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Swedishborstig hönshirs  2Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNoteReference
1NativeAfricaEast Tropical AfricaKenya  Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa.
1NativeAfricaEast Tropical AfricaTanzania  Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa.
1NativeAfricaEast Tropical AfricaUganda  Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa.
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEthiopia  Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. 1989-. Flora of Ethiopia Note: Eritrea added in 2000
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSomalia  Thulin, M., ed. 1993-. Flora of Somalia.
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSudan  PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaMalawi  Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960-. Flora zambesiaca.
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZambia  Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960-. Flora zambesiaca.
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZimbabwe  Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960-. Flora zambesiaca.
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaBotswana  Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960-. Flora zambesiaca.
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaNamibia  Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. 1990. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaTransvaaln.Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. 1990. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaBurkina Faso  Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaGhana  Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaMali  Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaMauritania  Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaNiger  Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaNigeria  Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaSenegal  Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaSierra Leone  Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
1NativeAfricaWest-Central Tropical AfricaCameroon  Zon, A. P. M. van der. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun
1NativeAfricaWest-Central Tropical AfricaCongo  PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
1NativeAfricaWest-Central Tropical AfricaDemocratic Republic of the Congo  PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
1NativeAfricaWestern Indian OceanMadagascar  PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndia  Shukla, U. 1996. Grasses of north-eastern India
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistanSindh Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentSri Lanka  Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980-. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaMyanmar  Grubben, G. J. H. & Soetjipto Partohardjono, eds. 1996. Cereals. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 10:89.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaThailand  Grubben, G. J. H. & Soetjipto Partohardjono, eds. 1996. Cereals. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 10:89.
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaIndonesia  Grubben, G. J. H. & Soetjipto Partohardjono, eds. 1996. Cereals. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 10:89.
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaPhilippines  Grubben, G. J. H. & Soetjipto Partohardjono, eds. 1996. Cereals. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 10:89.
Native
Africa
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia
  • EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
  • WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo
  • WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: Botswana, Namibia, South Africa [Transvaal (n.)]
  • WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Madagascar
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan [Sindh]
  • INDO-CHINA: Myanmar, Thailand
  • MALESIA: Indonesia, Philippines

Reference(s)
  1. PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
  2. Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980-. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
  3. Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960-. Flora zambesiaca.
  4. Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. 1990. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58
  5. Grubben, G. J. H. & Soetjipto Partohardjono, eds. 1996. Cereals. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 10:89.
  6. Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. 1989-. Flora of Ethiopia Note: Eritrea added in 2000
  7. Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
  8. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
  9. Shukla, U. 1996. Grasses of north-eastern India
  10. Thulin, M., ed. 1993-. Flora of Somalia.
  11. Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa.
  12. Zon, A. P. M. van der. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Animal foodfodder Zon, A. P. M. van der. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun
Animal foodforagepotentialAdo, M. N. et al. 2019. Echinochloa stagnina improves soil structure and phytodesalinization of irrigated saline sodic vertisols. Pl. & Soil 434:413-424. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-018-3853-9. Note: potential source for improving soil physical properties, desalinization and use as forage
Environmentalsoil improverpotentialAdo, M. N. et al. 2019. Echinochloa stagnina improves soil structure and phytodesalinization of irrigated saline sodic vertisols. Pl. & Soil 434:413-424. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-018-3853-9. Note: potential source for improving soil physical properties, desalinization and use as forage
Human foodsugarpotentialRehm, S. & G. Espig. 1991. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics Note: presently used in the Niger basin
Weedseed contaminantpotential; in rice fieldsGrubben, G. J. H. & Soetjipto Partohardjono, eds. 1996. Cereals. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 10:89.
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=14836. Accessed 14 April 2026.