Taxon: Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. subsp. sativa (Mill.) Thell.

Summary

Genus:

Eruca

Family:

Brassicaceae (alt. Cruciferae)

Tribe:

Brassiceae

Nomen number:

104951

Place of publication:

G. Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitt._Eur. 4(1):201. 1918

Verified:

04/01/2010 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

260 (240 active, 231 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. (6 active accession[s])
Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. subsp. pinnatifida (Desf.) Thell. (6 active accession[s])
Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. subsp. vesicaria (0 active accession[s])

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Basionym
Eruca sativa Mill.

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Brassica eruca L.
Eruca sativa Mill. subsp. sativa

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Brassica erucoides Roxb.
Eruca longirostris Uechtr.
Eruca sativa Mill. subsp. longirostris (Uechtr.) Jahand. & Maire
Eruca stenocarpa Boiss. & Reut.

No images

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. 1976-. Flora of Libya. Note: = Eruca sativa Mill.
APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 116.
Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. Note: = Eruca sativa Mill.
Eriksson, O. et al. 1979. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 2.
FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
Girija, T. & Tabish. Flowers of India (on-line resource).
Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist. Note: = Eruca sativa Mill.
Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. 1989-. Flora of Ethiopia Note: Eritrea added in 2000
Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75 Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2 Note: = Eruca sativa Mill.
Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan. Note: = Eruca sativa Mill.
Pignone, D. & C. Gómez-Campo. 2011. Chapter 8. Eruca. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, oilseeds 145-160.
Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica. Note: = Eruca sativa Mill.
Rollins, R. C. & I. A. Al-Shehbaz. 1986. Weeds of south-west Asia in North America with special reference to the Cruciferae. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 89B:294.
Rollins, R. C. 1993. The Cruciferae of continental North America
Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
Warwick, S. I. et al. 2006. Brassicaceae: Species checklist and database on CD-Rom. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259:249-258.
Warwick, S. I. et al. 2007. Genetic variation in Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. Pl. Genet. Resources Charact. Util. 5:142-153.
Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).

Common names

Language	Name	Alternate name	note	seq	Citation
English	arugula		as Eruca sativa	1	Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2 Note: as Eruca sativa
English	edible rocket			1	FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
English	garden rocket			1	Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
English	Italian cress		as Eruca sativa	1	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 1398. Note: as Eruca sativa
English	rocket			1	Pignone, D. & C. Gómez-Campo. 2011. Chapter 8. Eruca. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, oilseeds 145-160.
English	rocket-salad			1	Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
English	Roman rocket			1	Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
English	rugula			1	Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
English	salad rocket			1	Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Arabic	gargir			2	Pignone, D. & C. Gómez-Campo. 2011. Chapter 8. Eruca. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, oilseeds 145-160.
Arabic	girgir			2	Pignone, D. & C. Gómez-Campo. 2011. Chapter 8. Eruca. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, oilseeds 145-160.
Arabic	jirjeer		as Eruca sativa	2	Norton, J. et al. 2009. Illustrated checklist of the flora of Qatar.
Chinese	zhi ma cai	芝麻菜		2	Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Danish	salatsennep			2	Pignone, D. & C. Gómez-Campo. 2011. Chapter 8. Eruca. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, oilseeds 145-160.
English (Canada)	garden rocket		Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada official name	2	Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 116.
French	roquette		as Eruca sativa	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French (Canada)	roquette des jardins		Agriculture & Agroalimentaire Canada nom officiel	2	Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 116.
German	Garten-Senfrauke			2	Pignone, D. & C. Gómez-Campo. 2011. Chapter 8. Eruca. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, oilseeds 145-160.
German	Ölrauke		as Eruca sativa	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
German	Rauke		as Eruca sativa	2	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 1398. Note: as Eruca sativa
German	Rukola		as Eruca sativa	2	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 1398. Note: as Eruca sativa
German	Senfrauke		as Eruca sativa	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
India	jamba		as Eruca sativa	2	Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
India	taramira		as Eruca sativa	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Italian	ruca			2	Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
Italian	ruchetta			2	Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
Italian	rucola			2	Pignone, D. & C. Gómez-Campo. 2011. Chapter 8. Eruca. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, oilseeds 145-160.
Malay	rucola			2	Girija, T. & Tabish. Flowers of India (on-line resource).
Polish	rokietta siewna			2	Pignone, D. & C. Gómez-Campo. 2011. Chapter 8. Eruca. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, oilseeds 145-160.
Portuguese	rábano-silvestre		as Eruca sativa	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Russian	mindau			2	Pignone, D. & C. Gómez-Campo. 2011. Chapter 8. Eruca. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, oilseeds 145-160.
Spanish	oruga común		as Eruca sativa	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	roqueta		as Eruca sativa	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Swedish	senapskål			2	Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Turkish	roka			2	Pignone, D. & C. Gómez-Campo. 2011. Chapter 8. Eruca. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, oilseeds 145-160.

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Chad		n.	Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Algeria		n.	Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Egypt		n.	Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist. Note: doubtful taxon
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Libya		n.	Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Morocco			Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Tunisia			Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Armenia			Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Azerbaijan			Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Russian Federation	Dagestan		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia	Ciscaucasia		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Gansu Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Guangdong Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Hebei Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Heilongjiang Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Jiangsu Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Liaoning Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Nei Mongol Zizhiqu		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Shaanxi Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Shanxi Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Sichuan Sheng		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu		Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Turkmenistan			Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Mongolia	Mongolia			Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Afghanistan			Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Cyprus			Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Iran			Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Iraq			Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966-. Flora of Iraq.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Israel			Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. 1966-. Flora palaestina.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Jordan			Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. 1966-. Flora palaestina.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Lebanon			Mouterde, P. 1966-. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Syria			Mouterde, P. 1966-. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Turkey			Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Pakistan			Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Ukraine	Krym		Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Bulgaria			Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Greece		incl. Crete	Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Italy	Sardegna		Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Italy	Sicilia		Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Romania		s.	Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Serbia		e.	Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
1	Native	Europe	Southwestern Europe	France		s. & Corsica	Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
1	Native	Europe	Southwestern Europe	Portugal			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
1	Native	Europe	Southwestern Europe	Spain		incl. Baleares	Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
2	Cultivated					lesser cult. elsewhere	FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Chad			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Eritrea			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Ethiopia			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Sudan			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northern Africa	Algeria			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northern Africa	Egypt			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northern Africa	Libya			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northern Africa	Morocco			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northern Africa	Tunisia			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Mali			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Mauritania			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Niger			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India		n. & c.	Warwick, S. I. et al. 2007. Genetic variation in Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. Pl. Genet. Resources Charact. Util. 5:142-153.
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Pakistan			Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
2	Cultivated	Europe		Europe		s.	Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
2	Cultivated	Northern America		Canada			FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
2	Cultivated	Northern America		United States			FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Macaronesia	Portugal	Madeira Islands		Eriksson, O. et al. 1979. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 2.
4	Naturalized	Africa	Macaronesia	Spain	Canarias		Arechavaleta, M. et al., coords. 2009. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Ethiopia			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Sudan			Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zimbabwe			PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa			Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Bahrain			Miller, A. G. & T. A. Cope. 1996-. Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Kuwait			Miller, A. G. & T. A. Cope. 1996-. Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Oman			Miller, A. G. & T. A. Cope. 1996-. Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Qatar			Miller, A. G. & T. A. Cope. 1996-. Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Saudi Arabia			Miller, A. G. & T. A. Cope. 1996-. Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	United Arab Emirates			Miller, A. G. & T. A. Cope. 1996-. Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Yemen			Miller, A. G. & T. A. Cope. 1996-. Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan	Honshu		Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia	Eastern Siberia		Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation-Western Siberia	Western Siberia		Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India			Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
4	Naturalized	Australasia	Australia	Australia			Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
4	Naturalized	Australasia	New Zealand	New Zealand			Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Estonia			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Latvia			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Lithuania			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Russian Federation-European part	European part	w.	Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Eastern Europe	Ukraine			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Austria			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Germany			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Hungary			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Middle Europe	Switzerland			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Northern Europe	Norway		s.	Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Northern Europe	Sweden		s.	Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Albania			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Bosnia and Herzegovina			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Croatia			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Italy			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Montenegro			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	North Macedonia			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Romania			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Serbia			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Slovenia			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Europe	Southwestern Europe	France			Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Northern America		Canada			Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
4	Naturalized	Northern America		Mexico			Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
4	Naturalized	Northern America		United States			Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina			Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Southern South America	Chile			Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
4	Naturalized	Southern America	Western South America	Ecuador	Loja		Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75 Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
6	Other					exact native range obscure

Native
Africa

NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria (n.), Egypt (n.), Libya (n.), Morocco, Tunisia
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Chad (n.)

Asia-Temperate

WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
MIDDLE ASIA: Turkmenistan
MONGOLIA: Mongolia
CHINA: China [Gansu Sheng, Guangdong Sheng, Hebei Sheng, Heilongjiang Sheng, Jiangsu Sheng, Liaoning Sheng, Nei Mongol Zizhiqu, Shaanxi Sheng, Shanxi Sheng, Sichuan Sheng, Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu]

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Pakistan

Europe

EASTERN EUROPE: Ukraine [Krym]
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete), Italy [Sardegna, Sicilia], Romania (s.), Serbia (e.)
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (s. & Corsica), Portugal

Cultivated

REGION:

Africa

NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan, Chad
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Mali, Mauritania, Niger

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India (n. & c.), Pakistan

Europe

REGION: Europe (s.)

Northern America

REGION: Canada, United States

Naturalized
Africa

MACARONESIA: Spain [Canarias], Portugal [Madeira Islands]
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ethiopia, Sudan
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Zimbabwe
SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa

Asia-Temperate

ARABIAN PENINSULA: United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Yemen
SIBERIA: Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia]
EASTERN ASIA: Japan [Honshu]

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India

Australasia

AUSTRALIA: Australia
NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand

Europe

NORTHERN EUROPE: Norway (s.), Sweden (s.)
MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Switzerland, Germany, Hungary
EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part (w.)], Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: France

Northern America

REGION: Canada, Mexico, United States

Southern America

WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador [Loja]
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile

Other (exact native range obscure)

Reference(s)

PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Arechavaleta, M. et al., coords. 2009. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres
Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
Eriksson, O. et al. 1979. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 2.
FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14 National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist. Note: doubtful taxon
Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75 Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
Miller, A. G. & T. A. Cope. 1996-. Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra.
Mouterde, P. 1966-. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. Note: = Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966-. Flora of Iraq.
Warwick, S. I. et al. 2007. Genetic variation in Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. Pl. Genet. Resources Charact. Util. 5:142-153.
Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. 1966-. Flora palaestina.

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Animal food	fodder	as Eruca sativa	Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966-. Flora of Iraq. Note: as Eruca sativa
Food additives	flavoring	as spice in sauces or prepared mustard	Warwick, S. I. et al. 2007. Genetic variation in Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. Pl. Genet. Resources Charact. Util. 5:142-153.
Human food	oil/fat	seeds are source of Jamba oil or Taramira oil, as Eruca sativa	Burkill, H. M. 1985-2004. The useful plants of west tropical Africa. Note: as Eruca sativa
Human food	vegetable	as pungent or non-pungent vegetable for salads	Warwick, S. I. et al. 2007. Genetic variation in Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. Pl. Genet. Resources Charact. Util. 5:142-153.
Weed	seed contaminant	potential	Rollins, R. C. 1993. The Cruciferae of continental North America
Weed	seed contaminant	potential; as Eruca sativa	Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica. Note: = Eruca sativa Mill.

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=104951. Accessed 14 April 2026.