Taxon: Apocynum androsaemifolium L.

Summary

Genus:

Apocynum

Family:

Apocynaceae

Subfamily:

Apocynoideae

Tribe:

Apocyneae

Nomen number:

102186

Place of publication:

Sp. pl. 1:213. 1753 "fol. androsaemi"

Typification:

View in Linnean Typification Project

Verified:

05/06/1992 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

10 (10 active, 9 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

No images

Links

Forestry Images – from www.forestryimages.org

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas
Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 194.
Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Duke, J. A. 1985. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Duncan, W. H. & J. T. Kartesz. 1981. Vascular flora of Georgia: an annotated checklist.
Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 2:1211.
Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.
Greuter, W. et al., eds. 2000. International code of botanical nomenclature (Saint Louis Code) Art. 23.7, Ex. 18.
Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
Jones, G. N. & G. D. Fuller. 1955. Vascular plants of Illinois.
Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. Note: with two subspecies
Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada.
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
Wofford, B. E. Database of Tennessee vascular plants (on-line resource).

Common names

Language	Name	note	seq	Citation
English	bitter-root		1	Duke, J. A. 1985. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
English	common dogbane		1	Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
English	spreading dogbane		1	Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
English (Canada)	spreading dogbane	Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada official name	2	Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 194.
French (Canada)	apocyn à feuilles d’androsème	Agriculture & Agroalimentaire Canada nom officiel	2	Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 194.
German	gewöhnliches Hundsgift		2	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 2:1211.
Swedish	hundkål		2	Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	New Brunswick		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Newfoundland and Labrador		Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Nova Scotia		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Ontario		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Prince Edward Island		Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Québec		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Illinois		Jones, G. N. & G. D. Fuller. 1955. Vascular plants of Illinois.
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Iowa		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Minnesota		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Missouri		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Nebraska		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	North Dakota		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Oklahoma		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	South Dakota		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Wisconsin		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Connecticut		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Indiana		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maine		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Massachusetts		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Michigan		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Hampshire		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Jersey		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New York		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Ohio		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Pennsylvania		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Rhode Island		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Vermont		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	West Virginia		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Colorado		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Idaho		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Montana		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Oregon		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Washington		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	New Mexico		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	Texas		Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Alabama		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Arkansas		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Delaware		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Georgia	n.	Duncan, W. H. & J. T. Kartesz. 1981. Vascular flora of Georgia: an annotated checklist.
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Kentucky		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maryland		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	North Carolina	w.	Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	South Carolina	w.	Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Tennessee		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Virginia		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Arizona		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	California		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Nevada		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Utah		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Subarctic America	Canada	Northwest Territories		Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
1	Native	Northern America	Subarctic America	Canada	Yukon		Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Alberta		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	British Columbia		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Manitoba		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Saskatchewan		Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)

Native
Northern America

SUBARCTIC AMERICA: Canada [Northwest Territories, Yukon]
EASTERN CANADA: Canada [Québec, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador]
WESTERN CANADA: Canada [Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba, British Columbia]
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, Connecticut]
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Illinois, Oklahoma, Wisconsin]
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia (n.), Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina (w.), South Carolina (w.), Virginia, Tennessee]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [New Mexico, Texas]
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah]

Reference(s)

Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas
Duncan, W. H. & J. T. Kartesz. 1981. Vascular flora of Georgia: an annotated checklist.
Jones, G. N. & G. D. Fuller. 1955. Vascular plants of Illinois.
Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP)
Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Reference
Medicines	folklore	Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Medicines	folklore	McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Vertebrate poisons	mammals	Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada.

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=102186. Accessed 10 May 2026.