Taxon: Senna occidentalis (L.) Link

Summary

Genus:

Senna

Family:

Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae)

Subfamily:

Caesalpinioideae

Tribe:

Cassieae

Subtribe:

Cassiinae

Nomen number:

100059

Place of publication:

Handbuch 2:140. 1831

Verified:

03/15/1987 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

46 (19 active, 18 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Basionym
Cassia occidentalis L.

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Cassia occidentalis L. var. occidentalis

Images (1 total. Click on image for more.)

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
Boggan, J. et al. 1997. Checklist of the plants of the Guianas, ed. 2
Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
Burkart, A. E., ed. 1969-. Flora ilustrada de Entre Rios.
Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Funk, V. et al. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584.
George, A. S., ed. 1980-. Flora of Australia.
Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds Note: = Cassia
Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby. 1982. The American Cassiinae: a synoptical revision of Leguminosae tribe Cassieae subtribe Cassiinae in the New World. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35:436.
Isely, D. 1998. Native and naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) of the United States (exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii)
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
Lewis, G. P. 1987. Legumes of Bahia
Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
Lock, J. M. 1988. Cassia sens. lat. (Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae) in Africa. Kew Bull. 43:340.
Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
Luckow, M. 1996. The cultivated species of Cassia, Senna, and Chamaecrista (Leguminosae). Baileya 23:226-227.
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:88. Note: = Cassia
Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. 1992. Noxious weeds of Australia Inkata Press, Melbourne, Australia. Note: = Cassia
Randell, B. R. 1988. Revision of the Cassiinae in Australia. 1. Senna Miller sect. Chamaefistula (Colladon) Irwin and Barneby. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 11:41.
Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Steyermark, J. A. et al., eds. 1995-. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Note: Missouri Botanical Garden & Timber Press
Vossen, H. A. M. van der & M. Wessel, eds. 2000. Stimulants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 16:111.
Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide to the vascular plants of Florida
Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. 1996, 1999. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74.

Common names

Language	Name	note	seq	Citation
English	antbush		1	Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. 1992. Noxious weeds of Australia Inkata Press, Melbourne, Australia. Note: = Cassia
English	coffee senna		1	Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
English	negro-coffee		1	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
English	septicweed		1	Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
English	stinkingweed		1	Vossen, H. A. M. van der & M. Wessel, eds. 2000. Stimulants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 16:111.
French	bentamaré		2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French	café bâtard		2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French	café nège		2	Vossen, H. A. M. van der & M. Wessel, eds. 2000. Stimulants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 16:111.
French	casse-café		2	Vossen, H. A. M. van der & M. Wessel, eds. 2000. Stimulants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 16:111.
French	casse-puante		2	Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. 1992. Noxious weeds of Australia Inkata Press, Melbourne, Australia. Note: = Cassia
Spanish	bricho		2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	brusca		2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	frijolillo		2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	guanina		2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Transcribed Korean	seoggyeolmyeong	as Cassia occidentalis	2	Lee, Y. N. 1997. Flora of Korea.

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Sinaloa		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Tamaulipas		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Campeche		Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Colima		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Jalisco		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Michoacán de Ocampo		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Nayarit		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Oaxaca		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Quintana Roo		Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Tabasco		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave		McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Yucatán		Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Paraná		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Rio Grande do Sul		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil	Santa Catarina		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Anguilla			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Bahamas			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Barbados			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Cayman Islands			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Cuba			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Dominica			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Dominican Republic			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Haiti			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Hispaniola			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Jamaica			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Martinique			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Montserrat			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Netherlands Antilles	Saba		Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	St. Kitts and Nevis			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	St. Lucia			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	St. Vincent and Grenadines			Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	United States	Puerto Rico		Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	United States	Virgin Islands, U.S.		Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	United States	Virgin Islands, U.S.		Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	United States	Virgin Islands, U.S.		Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Virgin Islands (British)	Tortola		Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Belize			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Costa Rica			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	El Salvador			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Guatemala			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Honduras			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Nicaragua			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Panama			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	French Guiana			Funk, V. et al. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Guyana			Funk, V. et al. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Suriname			Funk, V. et al. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584.
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Venezuela			Steyermark, J. A. et al., eds. 1995-. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Note: Missouri Botanical Garden & Timber Press
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina	Corrientes		Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. 1996, 1999. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina	Entre Ríos		Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. 1996, 1999. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina	Formosa		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina	Jujuy		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina	Misiones		Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. 1996, 1999. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina	Salta		Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. 1996, 1999. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina	Santiago del Estero		Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. 1996, 1999. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina	Tucumán		Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. 1996, 1999. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Paraguay	Alto Paraguay		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Paraguay	Amambay		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Paraguay	Caaguazú		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Paraguay	Caazapá		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Paraguay	Central		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Paraguay	Cordillera		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Paraguay	Guairá		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Paraguay	Ñeembucú		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Paraguay	Paraguarí		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Paraguay	Presidente Hayes		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Uruguay	Artigas		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Uruguay	Montevideo		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Uruguay	Paysandú		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Uruguay	Río Negro		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Uruguay	Salto		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Uruguay	Soriano		Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Colombia			Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Ecuador	Esmeraldas		Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Ecuador	Los Ríos		Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Ecuador	Manabí		Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru	Loreto		Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru	San Martín		Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru	Ucayali		Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
2	Cultivated					also cult.
4	Naturalized	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Kenya			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Tanzania			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Uganda			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Chad			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Djibouti			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Ethiopia			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Sudan			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Northern Africa	Libya			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Angola			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Mozambique			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zambia			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	Eswatini			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	Namibia			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Côte D'Ivoire			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Ghana			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Guinea			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Liberia			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Mali			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Niger			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Nigeria			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Senegal			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Sierra Leone			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Togo			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Burundi			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Cameroon			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Central African Republic			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Democratic Republic of the Congo			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Equatorial Guinea			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Gabon			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Rwanda			International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Seychelles			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Saudi Arabia			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Yemen			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	China	China			Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Iran			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Iraq			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Lebanon			Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Bangladesh			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Bhutan			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Maldives			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Nepal			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Pakistan			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Sri Lanka			Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Cambodia			Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	India	Andaman and Nicobar Islands		Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Laos			Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Thailand			Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Vietnam			Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Brunei Darussalam			Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Christmas Island			Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Indonesia	Jawa		Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Indonesia	Kalimantan		Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Indonesia	Lesser Sunda Islands		Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Indonesia	Maluku		Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Indonesia	Sulawesi		Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Indonesia	Sumatera		Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Malaysia			Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Philippines			Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Singapore			Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Papuasia	Indonesia	Papua		Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Papuasia	Papua New Guinea			Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Asia-Tropical	Papuasia	Solomon Islands			Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
4	Naturalized	Australasia	Australia	Australia			Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Oklahoma		Isely, D. 1998. Native and naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) of the United States (exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii)
4	Naturalized	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	Texas		Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Alabama		Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Arkansas		Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Florida		Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide to the vascular plants of Florida
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Georgia		Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Mississippi		Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	North Carolina		Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	South Carolina		Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Tennessee		Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
4	Naturalized	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Virginia		Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
4	Naturalized	Pacific	North-Central Pacific	United States	Hawaii		Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Northwestern Pacific	Marshall Islands			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Northwestern Pacific	Micronesia			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Northwestern Pacific	Palau			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Northwestern Pacific	United States	Northern Mariana Islands		Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	South-Central Pacific	French Polynesia			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	South-Central Pacific	Pitcairn			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Fiji			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Nauru			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	New Caledonia			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Niue			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Samoa			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
4	Naturalized	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Tonga			Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
6	Other					exact native range obscure	Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby. 1982. The American Cassiinae: a synoptical revision of Leguminosae tribe Cassieae subtribe Cassiinae in the New World. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35:436.

Native
Northern America

NORTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Sinaloa, Tamaulipas]
SOUTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Campeche, Colima, Jalisco, Michoacán de Ocampo, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, Yucatán]

Southern America

CARIBBEAN: Hispaniola, Anguilla, Netherlands Antilles [Saba], Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, Montserrat, Martinique, United States [Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, U.S., Virgin Islands, U.S., Virgin Islands, U.S.], St. Vincent and Grenadines, Virgin Islands (British) [Tortola]
CENTRAL AMERICA: Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, El Salvador
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela
BRAZIL: Brazil [Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina]
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Colombia, Ecuador [Esmeraldas, Los Ríos, Manabí], Peru [Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali]
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina [Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán], Paraguay [Amambay, Caaguazú, Caazapá, Central, Cordillera, Guairá, Ñeembucú, Alto Paraguay, Paraguarí, Presidente Hayes], Uruguay [Artigas, Montevideo, Paysandú, Río Negro, Salto, Soriano]

Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized
Africa

NORTHERN AFRICA: Libya
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Djibouti, Ethiopia, Sudan, Chad
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Burundi, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Rwanda
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Côte D'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Angola, Mozambique, Zambia
SOUTHERN AFRICA: Namibia, Eswatini, South Africa
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Seychelles

Asia-Temperate

ARABIAN PENINSULA: Saudi Arabia, Yemen
WESTERN ASIA: Iran, Iraq, Lebanon
CHINA: China

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan
PAPUASIA: Indonesia [Papua], Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands
INDO-CHINA: India [Andaman and Nicobar Islands], Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
MALESIA: Brunei Darussalam, Christmas Island, Indonesia [Jawa, Kalimantan, Lesser Sunda Islands, Maluku, Sulawesi, Sumatera], Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore

Australasia

AUSTRALIA: Australia

Northern America

NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Oklahoma]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Texas]

Pacific

NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Micronesia, Marshall Islands, Palau, United States [Northern Mariana Islands]
SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: Pitcairn, French Polynesia
SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Fiji, New Caledonia, Niue, Nauru, Tonga, Samoa

Other (exact native range obscure)

Reference(s)

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas
Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana.
Funk, V. et al. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584.
Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource).
Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby. 1982. The American Cassiinae: a synoptical revision of Leguminosae tribe Cassieae subtribe Cassiinae in the New World. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35:436.
Isely, D. 1998. Native and naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) of the United States (exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii)
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
Steyermark, J. A. et al., eds. 1995-. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Note: Missouri Botanical Garden & Timber Press
Weakley, A. S. 2011. Flora of the southern and middle Atlantic states.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide to the vascular plants of Florida
Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. 1996, 1999. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74.

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Environmental	ornamental		Vossen, H. A. M. van der & M. Wessel, eds. 2000. Stimulants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 16:111.
Human food	beverage base		Vossen, H. A. M. van der & M. Wessel, eds. 2000. Stimulants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 16:111.
Human food	fruit		Vossen, H. A. M. van der & M. Wessel, eds. 2000. Stimulants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 16:111.
Human food	vegetable		Vossen, H. A. M. van der & M. Wessel, eds. 2000. Stimulants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 16:111.
Medicines	folklore		Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Medicines	folklore		Vossen, H. A. M. van der & M. Wessel, eds. 2000. Stimulants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 16:111.
Medicines	folklore		McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Social	stimulant		Vossen, H. A. M. van der & M. Wessel, eds. 2000. Stimulants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 16:111.
Vertebrate poisons	mammals		Vossen, H. A. M. van der & M. Wessel, eds. 2000. Stimulants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 16:111.
Vertebrate poisons	mammals	as Cassia occidentalis	Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisons	mammals	as Cassia occidentalis	Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
Weed			Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. 1992. Noxious weeds of Australia Inkata Press, Melbourne, Australia. Note: = Cassia

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgstest.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=100059. Accessed 15 April 2026.