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| ACCESSION | PLANT NAME | TAXONOMY | ORIGIN | GENEBANK | IMAGE | AVAILABILITY | RECEIVED | SOURCE TYPE | SOURCE DATE | COLLECTION SITE | COORDINATES | ELEVATION | HABITAT | IMPROVEMENT LEVEL | NARRATIVE | | |
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| 0 | Ames 35705 | 'Hi76' | Zea mays L. subsp. mays | Hawaii, United States | NC7 | | Not Available | 2021 | DEVELOPED | NEAR 2010 | | | | | Cultivar | Inbred Hi76 has a pedigree of 16 generations of breeding. It was selected in 1994 along with Hi75 as outstanding S7 inbreds from Hi bt SYN 2. It is closely related to Hi75 (Fig. 1) and much of the description of Hi75 applies directly to Hi76. Hi75 was identified as plot 94-217 and subsequently underwent nine cycles of selection and evaluated as an inbred in more than 30 trials and as a hybrid in many more. It resembles Hi75 in rust resistance and stay-green and is similarly tender and prone to fusarium seedling mortality. It also shares Hi75's attractiveness to aphids and has dark yellow kernels rich in beta-carotenoids. Hi76 has green inner silks and is the preferred inbred as the female parent. | 2116578 | Ames 35705 |
| 1 | Ames 35707 | 'Hi79' | Zea mays L. subsp. mays | Hawaii, United States | | | Historic | 2021 | DEVELOPED | NEAR 2010 | | | | | Cultivar | Inbred Hi79 has a pedigree of 21 generations of breeding. It originated from inbred bA11 bred by Dr. T. Pulam in Thailand from hybrids of Hi bt Comp 3 (‘Hawaiian Supersweet #9’) and Thai Composite 3-4 that was based on tropical flint composite Suwan 1. Inbred bA11 was one parent of Dr. Pulam's widely grown, 16-row, processing hybrid ATS-2, a single cross that laid the foundation for Thailand's burgeoning supersweet corn industry (Brewbaker et al., 2006). Hawaii breeding began in 1998 with a focus on conversion to green silks and tassels together with improved resistance to MMV and fusarium. The Thai inbred was crossed with ‘Hawaiian Supersweet Silver’ (Brewbaker, 2006) followed by four backcrosses and 17 generations of selfing and sibbing. Green inner silks were achieved evidently as a result of exchanging the original (bt A2) linked genotype of bA11 for the (bt a2) from the Hawaiian parent. Inbred Hi79 is characterized by superior combining ability for kernel tenderness, but kernels have an accompanying high sensitivity to fusarium seedling blight. In fusarium-rich soils, the inbred germinates poorly and seedlings are slow to develop healthy root systems. The plants are notable for stay-green, prolificacy, the persistence of rich green color after physiological maturity, and superior tolerance to turcicum blight. The tassels are large with about twice the branch number of other inbreds (Table 2), and it is suspected to carry the gene Brta (branched tassel) identified by Brewbaker and Yu (2009). The 16-row ears are somewhat irregular and on large cobs (25 mm), and the kernels are deep (13 mm). Its hybrids are called ‘HiThai’ in Hawaii and are of exceptional tenderness. They are attractive in the field with heavy 16-row ears at a low position on tall plants. Marketed hybrid ‘HiThai2’ is the modified single-cross (Hi75 × Hi76) × Hi79. | 2116580 | Ames 35707 |
| 2 | Ames 35709 | 'Hi81' | Zea mays L. subsp. mays | Hawaii, United States | NC7 | | Not Available | 2021 | DEVELOPED | NEAR 2010 | | | | | Cultivar | Brittle-1 (bt) inbred Hi81 has a pedigree of 38 generations of breeding and was formerly known as Hi37c2. Its precursor, Hi37, was selected in 1979 together with Hi36 (now Hi80) and its origin from Hi bt Comp 3 and early breeding were identical to those described for Hi80. The original Hi37 was crossed in 1980 to a source of green inner silks, backcrossed five times, selfed and sibbed 12 cycles, and designated Hi37a in 1997. During 15 subsequent cycles of sib and self-pollination, it was selected for erect plant form, fusarium tolerance, and improved yield and quality in test crosses. Many related sublines of this and other inbreds have been retained and compared for test cross performance. The outstanding subline was designated Hi37c2 and is parent of the widely grown three-way hybrid ‘Hawaiian Supersweet #10’. Inbred Hi81 has high general combining ability (GCA) values for ear length and yield and for tolerance to fusarium and blight but lower scores for tenderness and quality. Conversions have been made to white kernels. | 2116582 | Ames 35709 |
| 3 | Ames 35710 | 'Hi82' | Zea mays L. subsp. mays | Hawaii, United States | NC7 | | Not Available | 2021 | DEVELOPED | NEAR 2010 | | | | | Cultivar | Inbred Hi82 has a long pedigree of 72 generations of breeding and was formerly known as Hi38c1. Hi82 traces to a sugary-1 inbred called AA8 derived in 1967 from ‘Hawaiian Sugar’ as S6 line A19-6-1-1-1-1. It was fully resistant to the MMV that had crippled sweet corn production in Hawaii. AA8 became the parent of first two commercial tropical sweet corn hybrids ‘Hi38’ and ‘Hi68’, single crosses at one time marketed by Northrup-King and based on temperate parents P39 and Il442 (Brewbaker, 1968). These early hybrids were designated ‘hapa-Hawaiian’ (i.e., half-Hawaiian) and their failure to provide commercially acceptable disease resistance led to their replacement with hybrids based on 100% tropical parentage. AA8 was then converted to bt1 and renamed AA8bt. It was notable for resistance to fusarium that kills temperate sh2 inbreds in Hawaii's wet winter soils. Later AA8bt was converted to Ht1 and Rp1-d genes for turcicum blight and common rust resistance, but these soon failed as a result of racial evolution. After 14 generations of selection for tenderness, yield, and horticultural traits, AA8bt was renamed Hi38 in 1979. It was chosen as the male parent for the first commercial release of ‘Hawaiian Supersweet #10’ and became the primary test cross parent for all new inbreds, entering the pedigree of synthetics such as Hi bt Syn 2 (Brewbaker, 1998). Eight generations involving hundreds of sublines were added to improve general resistance to common rust (Rp1-d having failed) and to improve testcross performance, ear tip cover, and earworm resistance and it was renamed Hi38a in 1987. A second cycle of eight generations of improvement led to Hi38b and involved the incorporation of C cytoplasm (later discarded), erect leaves, and high stay-green. A final cycle of 10 generations was focused on green inner silk and high combining ability for tenderness. A set of 23 superior sublines was evaluated as lines per se and in test cross yield trials during the years 1993 to 1997, resulting in selection and release of Hi38c. Related sublines that have been retained in HFS include Hi38-47 with high tenderness and Hi38-71 that is homozygous for a recessive aphid resistance gene (So et al., 2009). Hi38 was also converted to white kernels through crosses in 1990 to a Nigerian white flint inbred TZi17 followed by six backcrosses over 28 generations. White-seeded subline Hi38cy10 is marked by upright leaves and greatly increased resistance to southern rust compared with its Hi82 parent (Table 3), and commercial white hybrid ‘Sweet Cynthia’ is the single cross Hi36cy1 × Hi38cy10. | 2116583 | Ames 35710 |