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| ACCESSION | PLANT NAME | TAXONOMY | ORIGIN | GENEBANK | IMAGE | AVAILABILITY | RECEIVED | SOURCE TYPE | SOURCE DATE | COLLECTION SITE | COORDINATES | ELEVATION | HABITAT | IMPROVEMENT LEVEL | NARRATIVE | | |
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| 0 | PI 656843 | 'Billings' | Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum | Oklahoma, United States | PVPO | | Not Available | 2009 | DEVELOPED | 2009 | | | | | Cultivar | Billings was produced by a modified bulk-breeding method, derived from a single plant in the F4 generation, and tested as experimental line OK03522. It bears no close resemblance, by pedigree, to other HRW cultivars currently in production. It is highly adapted to most areas of Oklahoma, though it is not highly tolerant of drought stress conditions in early spring during the jointing period. It exhibits a prostrate growth habit during the vegetative period. Regarding reproductive developmental patterns, Billings has the 2174 VRN-A1 allele (delayed initiation of stem elongation), the 2174 PPD-D1 allele (photoperiod insensitivity), and the Jagger VRN-D3 allele (accelerated physiological maturity). Billings is highly tolerant of acidic soils but is negative for two SSR markers, WMC331 and ALMT1-SSR3A, commonly used to screen for a major quantitative trait locus on chromosome 4DL associated with aluminum tolerance. Hence, Billings must contain other gene(s) contributing to its greater level of aluminum tolerance. Billings is resistant to Wheat soilborne mosaic virus. It is highly resistant to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina) in the field and carries the Lr17 and Lr24 seedling resistance genes. Other genotypes with the same seedling resistance gene composition have exhibited a susceptible field reaction, and thus Billings may possess other effective genes for adult-plant resistance to leaf rust. Billings also exhibits a highly resistant reaction in the adult plant to naturally occurring races of stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in the field in Oklahoma, and resistance to race Pst100 in controlled greenhouse tests. Based on combined greenhouse and field observations, Billings is susceptible to tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) but shows an intermediate reaction to septoria leaf blotch (Septoria tritici) and an intermediate reaction to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici). Wheat protein content of Billings is considered average for most HRW cultivars (12.4%). Kernel size is unusually large (2.4 mm kernel diameter and 33.1 mg kernel weight). Milling and baking quality attributes are generally very good. Billings possesses high-molecular weight (HMW) subunits 1, 7+9, and 5+10 (A, B, and D Glu-1 loci, respectively). | 1801853 | PI 656843 |