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This is apparently one of 6 pummelos and pummelo hybrids imported from Hawaii in the mid- to late 1980's (letter from Richard Hamilton dated 03/19/1984 on file), the others being Kao Phuang, Thong Dee, Haiku B, Pauthel, and Puma. Several of these were already in the collection, so it is not clear why they were imported. They were acquired at the request of Bill Bitters. Possibly he felt the existing accessions were not typical. More information on Kao Pan is available in Reinking and Groff (1921), Groff (1927), Hodgson, 1967 (pp 536 - 537), and Martin and Cooper (1977). (RR Krueger, 2014-06-09)

Additional information on Kao Pan is available from Citrus Variety Collection and Citrus Clonal Protection Program.

Thick rind, sour. (EM Nauer, 12/21/1987)

No fruit this season. (EM Nauer, 01/1989)

See note this date on CRC 2242 accession card. (EM Nauer, 11/13/1989)

PI 109680 was mistakenly assigned the redundant PI 539372 in 1990. Observations were recorded while it was identified as PI 539372, as were distributions prior to today. Additional information on PI 109680 is available in Reinking and Groff (1921), Groff (1927), and Martin and Cooper (1977). (RR Krueger, 2014-06-03)

Additional information on PI 109680 from the UC Riverside Citrus Variety Collection is available here.

Fair flavor, green flesh. (EM Nauer, 12/22/1987)

Large, pyriform, rough rind, medium yellow in color. Very thick rind; yellow flesh, crisp and moderately juicy with good, typical pummelo flavor. Two fruit only this year -- both seedless. (EM Nauer, 1/18/1989)

See note this date on RCRC 2242 accession card. (EM Nauer, 11/13/1989)

This accession was erroneously and redundantly given PI 539358 in 1990. PI 109684 is the correct and original PI. Observations were made while numbered asa PI 539358, as were distributions prior to today. Addiitonal information is available in Reinking and Groff (1921); Groff (1927); Hodgson (1967); and Martin and Cooper (1977). (RR Krueger, 2014/05/27)

Addiitonal information from the Citrus Variety Collection is available here.

Tart but edible - fits [Hodgson, 1967] description of Kao Panne fairly well. (EM Nauer, 12/21/1987)

See note on this date on CRC 2242 accession card. (EM Nauer, 12/13/1989)

PI 109685 was mistakenly assigned the redundant PI 539378 in 1990; observations were made while it was assigned PI 539378, and distributions prior to today. Additional information on Kao Pan is available in Reinking and Groff (1921), Groff (1927), and Martin and Cooper (1977). (RR Krueger, 2014-06-03)

Additional information on PI 109685 from the UC Riverside Citrus Variety Collection is available here.

No fruit this season. (EM Nauer, 1/18/1989)

Kao Panne (Kao Pan) accessions compared; these were [PI 109688], [PI 109684], [PI 109715], [PI 109680], and [PI 109685] (latest accession [PI 539400] not fruiting yet). All 5 are very similar but probably not identical with each other although 2 or 3 might be the same. [PI 109688] has the best flavor (to my taste) at this time; flesh is juicy and melting. (EM Nauer, 11/13/1989)

This accession was mistakenly assigned PI 539357 in 1990; observations were taken when it was identified as PI 539357, as were distributions prior to today. More information is available in Reinking and Groff (1921); Groff (1927); Hodgson (1967), pp 536 - 537; and Martin and Cooper (1977). (RR Krueger, 2014-05-23)

Additional information from the UC Riverside Citrus Variety Collection is available here.

One small plant on bittersweet cutting 12504 received from CPB fall 1929 from which the [tree @ CRC 8A-13-16,17] was budded. (archival documentation on file at CES)

Heavy crop, round fruit, medium peel. Seedy, white flesh, good tast, ricey. (WP Bitters, J Brusca, 3/10/1954)

Kao Pan (Kao Panne) is described in [Hodgson, 1967], pp 536-537. (EM Nauer, ca 1987)

This accession has dark pink flesh; is NOT Kao Panne. (EM Nauer, 5/1987)

Fair flavor, attractive interior. (EM Nauer, 12/22/1987)

This accession had a strange and tragic history. It was received by USDA as an un-named, white fleshed pummelo from Java. As of 1954, it was still a white-fleshed pummelo. At some point, someone decided it was 'Kao Pan' but I cannot find documentation of who or when. In 1954, from the documentation available, it appears that the original trees planted in 12S, Row 26 were the only one available for observation. The trees planted at 12D-35-1,2 in 1983 were propagated from the VI tree at LCFS. It therefore appears (but is not certain), that an incorrect, pink-fleshed pummelo was collected either for the VI in 1962 or from LCFS for the propagation of the 12A trees. When 12A-35-1 was removed in 2001, 2 trees were propagated from an incorrectly documented, protected tree (of which I also cannot find the original receipt documentation) that is actually PI 109715. Therefore, when 12A-35-2 was removed in 2011, the putative PI 109691 was lost. However, in truth it had been lost much earlier, whenever the pink-fleshed one was propagated. Several things are apparent: (1) the pink-fleshed pummelo was not consistent with either the original fruit or descriptions of 'Kao Pan' (see Reinking and Gross, 1921; Groff, 1927); (2) the CV name 'Kao Pan' may have been assigned erroneously either purposefully or not; (3) the pink-fleshed pummelo mistakenly associated with PI 109691 is probably another pink-fleshed pummelo that was or is in the collection; (4) there are at least 8 other 'Kao Pan' to deal with; (5) CPB 10127 is not associated with 'Kao Pan' in Groff (1927). In any event, PI 109691 is inactivated. Good riddance. Note: to further compound this commedia degli errori, PI 539365 was erroneously assigned to this genotype in the early 1990's. Observations were made when it was numbered PI 539356, as were distributions prior to today. (RR Krueger, 2014-05-15)

Additional information on PI 109691 from the Citrus Variety Collection is available here.

This accession had psorosis, removed by shoot tip grafting (STG 155-7). (EM Nauer, 1985)

Greenish flesh, sour now. (EM Nauer, 12/21/1987)

Fruit gone. (EM Nauer, 3/31/1989)

This is the best flavored of the older Kao Pan accessions (to my taste). See note for this date on CRC 2242 accession card. (EM Nauer, 11/13/1989)

This accession mistakenly had the redundant and incorrect PI 539363 assigned to it in 1990. Observations were recorded while it was labelled as PI 539363, as were distributions prior to today. Additional information is available in Reinking and Groff (1921); Groff (1927); and Martin and Cooper (1977). (RR Krueger, 2014-06-02)

Additional information on PI 109715 from the UC Riverside Citrus Variety Collection is available here.