Methods
Nursery was planted on March 29, 1999 at the Central Ferry farm which is near the Snake River in Eastern Washington. The plots are about 700 feet above sea level under sprinkler irrigation. The Spring of 1999 was colder than normal but became normal in May and June.
Central Ferry farm.
Nursery was planted on March 26, 2000 at the Central Ferry farm which is near the Snake River in Eastern Washington. The plots are about 700 feet above sea level under irrigation.
Accessions were planted on May 24, 2002 at the Southwestern Colorado Research Center, with a Monosem Planter at 3.75-in seed spacing and 30-in. row spacing. Each accession was planted in a 60-ft single row with no replication. The soil at the test site is a Wetherill loam (fine silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs). The plot area was irrigated with a line-source sprinkler system similar to the one described by Hanks et al. (1976)*. The amount of irrigation water decreased with the distance away from the sprinkler line. For practical purposes, we only distinguished two irrigation levels, wet and dry. Total precipitation from May to August was 1.01 in. compared to a 30-year average of 5.13 in. September rainfall was above normal but came late for most chickpea entries.
Click for more information on the 2002-2003 experiment in a Microsoft Word document (.doc). Click for an Excel spread sheet with the 2002 data (.xls).
Accessions were planted on May 24, 2002 at the Southwestern Colorado Research Center, with a Monosem Planter at 3.75-in seed spacing and 30-in. row spacing. Each accession was planted in a 60-ft single row with no replication. The soil at the test site is a Wetherill loam (fine silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs). The plot area was irrigated with a line-source sprinkler system similar to the one described by Hanks et al. (1976)*. The amount of irrigation water decreased with the distance away from the sprinkler line. For practical purposes, we only distinguished two irrigation levels, wet and dry. Total precipitation from May to August was 1.01 in. compared to a 30-year average of 5.13 in. September rainfall was above normal but came late for most chickpea entries.
Click for more information on the 2002-2003 experiment in a Microsoft Word document (.doc). Click for an Excel spread sheet with the 2002 data (.xls).
Accessions were planted on May 24, 2002 at the Southwestern Colorado Research Center, with a Monosem Planter at 3.75-in seed spacing and 30-in. row spacing. Each accession was planted in a 60-ft single row with no replication. The soil at the test site is a Wetherill loam (fine silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs). The plot area was irrigated with a line-source sprinkler system similar to the one described by Hanks et al. (1976)*. The amount of irrigation water decreased with the distance away from the sprinkler line. For practical purposes, we only distinguished two irrigation levels, wet and dry. Total precipitation from May to August was 1.01 in. compared to a 30-year average of 5.13 in. September rainfall was above normal but came late for most chickpea entries.
Click for more information on the 2002-2003 experiment in a Microsoft Word document (.doc). Click for an Excel spread sheet with the 2002 data (.xls).
Accessions were planted on May 24, 2002 at the Southwestern Colorado Research Center, with a Monosem Planter at 3.75-in seed spacing and 30-in. row spacing. Each accession was planted in a 60-ft single row with no replication. The soil at the test site is a Wetherill loam (fine silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs). The plot area was irrigated with a line-source sprinkler system similar to the one described by Hanks et al. (1976)*. The amount of irrigation water decreased with the distance away from the sprinkler line. For practical purposes, we only distinguished two irrigation levels, wet and dry. Total precipitation from May to August was 1.01 in. compared to a 30-year average of 5.13 in. September rainfall was above normal but came late for most chickpea entries.
Click for more information on the 2002-2003 experiment in a Microsoft Word document (.doc). Click for an Excel spread sheet with the 2002 data (.xls).
Accessions were planted on May 24, 2002 at the Southwestern Colorado Research Center, with a Monosem Planter at 3.75-in seed spacing and 30-in. row spacing. Each accession was planted in a 60-ft single row with no replication. The soil at the test site is a Wetherill loam (fine silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs). The plot area was irrigated with a line-source sprinkler system similar to the one described by Hanks et al. (1976)*. The amount of irrigation water decreased with the distance away from the sprinkler line. For practical purposes, we only distinguished two irrigation levels, wet and dry. Total precipitation from May to August was 1.01 in. compared to a 30-year average of 5.13 in. September rainfall was above normal but came late for most chickpea entries.
Click for more information on the 2002-2003 experiment in a Microsoft Word document (.doc). Click for an Excel spread sheet with the 2003 data (.xls).
A total of 477 accessions were evaluated in 2002 (238 accessions) and 2003 (239 accessions) at the Southwestern Colorado Research Center in Yellow Jacket, CO. They were planted in 30-in. rows and 3.75-in seed spacing with a Monosem Planter on 24 May in 2002 and 23 May in 2003. Each accession was planted in a 60-ft single row with no replication. The soil at the test site is a Wetherill loam (fine silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs). The plot area was irrigated with a line-source sprinkler system similar to the one described by Hanks et al. (1976). The amount of irrigation water decreased with the distance away from the sprinkler line. For practical purposes, we only distinguished two irrigation levels, wet and dry. Total precipitation from May to August was 1.01 in. in 2002 and 4.65 in. in 2003 compared to a 30-year average of 5.13 in. There was good soil moisture at planting in both years. Chickpea accessions were planted on fallow ground in 2002 and 2003 (different field each year).
Click for more information on the 2002-2003 experiment in a Microsoft Word document (.doc).
Click for an Excel spread sheet with the 2003 data (.xls).
A total of 477 accessions were evaluated in 2002 (238 accessions) and 2003 (239 accessions) at the Southwestern Colorado Research Center in Yellow Jacket, CO. They were planted in 30-in. rows and 3.75-in seed spacing with a Monosem Planter on 24 May in 2002 and 23 May in 2003. Each accession was planted in a 60-ft single row with no replication. The soil at the test site is a Wetherill loam (fine silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs). The plot area was irrigated with a line-source sprinkler system similar to the one described by Hanks et al. (1976). The amount of irrigation water decreased with the distance away from the sprinkler line. For practical purposes, we only distinguished two irrigation levels, wet and dry. Total precipitation from May to August was 1.01 in. in 2002 and 4.65 in. in 2003 compared to a 30-year average of 5.13 in. There was good soil moisture at planting in both years. Chickpea accessions were planted on fallow ground in 2002 and 2003 (different field each year).
Click for more information on the 2002-2003 experiment in a Microsoft Word document (.doc). Click for an Excel spread sheet with the 2003 data (.xls).
A total of 477 accessions were evaluated in 2002 (238 accessions) and 2003 (239 accessions) at the Southwestern Colorado Research Center in Yellow Jacket, CO. They were planted in 30-in. rows and 3.75-in seed spacing with a Monosem Planter on 24 May in 2002 and 23 May in 2003. Each accession was planted in a 60-ft single row with no replication. The soil at the test site is a Wetherill loam (fine silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs). The plot area was irrigated with a line-source sprinkler system similar to the one described by Hanks et al. (1976). The amount of irrigation water decreased with the distance away from the sprinkler line. For practical purposes, we only distinguished two irrigation levels, wet and dry. Total precipitation from May to August was 1.01 in. in 2002 and 4.65 in. in 2003 compared to a 30-year average of 5.13 in. There was good soil moisture at planting in both years. Chickpea accessions were planted on fallow ground in 2002 and 2003 (different field each year).
Click for more information on the 2002-2003 experiment in a Microsoft Word document (.doc). Click for an Excel spread sheet with the 2003 data (.xls).
A total of 477 accessions were evaluated in 2002 (238 accessions) and 2003 (239 accessions) at the Southwestern Colorado Research Center in Yellow Jacket, CO. They were planted in 30-in. rows and 3.75-in seed spacing with a Monosem Planter on 24 May in 2002 and 23 May in 2003. Each accession was planted in a 60-ft single row with no replication. The soil at the test site is a Wetherill loam (fine silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs). The plot area was irrigated with a line-source sprinkler system similar to the one described by Hanks et al. (1976). The amount of irrigation water decreased with the distance away from the sprinkler line. For practical purposes, we only distinguished two irrigation levels, wet and dry. Total precipitation from May to August was 1.01 in. in 2002 and 4.65 in. in 2003 compared to a 30-year average of 5.13 in. There was good soil moisture at planting in both years. Chickpea accessions were planted on fallow ground in 2002 and 2003 (different field each year).
Click for more information on the 2002-2003 experiment in a Microsoft Word document (.doc). Click for an Excel spread sheet with the 2003 data (.xls).
A total of 477 accessions were evaluated in 2002 (238 accessions) and 2003 (239 accessions) at the Southwestern Colorado Research Center in Yellow Jacket, CO. They were planted in 30-in. rows and 3.75-in seed spacing with a Monosem Planter on 24 May in 2002 and 23 May in 2003. Each accession was planted in a 60-ft single row with no replication. The soil at the test site is a Wetherill loam (fine silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs). The plot area was irrigated with a line-source sprinkler system similar to the one described by Hanks et al. (1976). The amount of irrigation water decreased with the distance away from the sprinkler line. For practical purposes, we only distinguished two irrigation levels, wet and dry. Total precipitation from May to August was 1.01 in. in 2002 and 4.65 in. in 2003 compared to a 30-year average of 5.13 in. There was good soil moisture at planting in both years. Chickpea accessions were planted on fallow ground in 2002 and 2003 (different field each year).
Click for more information on the 2002-2003 experiment in a Microsoft Word document (.doc). Click for an Excel spread sheet with the 2003 data (.xls).
Nursery was planted on April 10, 2003 at the Central Ferry farm which is near the Snake River in Eastern Washington. The plots are about 700 feet above sea level under sprinkler irrigation. The April of 1999 was colder than normal but became normal in May and June. July was above normal.
Central Ferry farm.
Data taken from greenhouse growing plants at Pullman, Washington 2005
Accessions were planted on April 30, 2007 at Whitlow farm near Pullman, Washington. Elevation 2500 feet, Latitude 46 degrees, 43 minutes, 55 seconds, Longitude 117 degrees, 9 minutes, 25 seconds.
Aerial photo of Whitlow farm in Pullman, Wa of the 2007 nursery.
Pullman weather data from September 1, 2006 to August 31, 2007 as an Excel file .
Accessions were planted on April, 2008 at Whitlow farm near Pullman, Washington. Elevation 2500 feet, Latitude 46 degrees, 43 minutes, 55 seconds, Longitude 117 degrees, 9 minutes, 25 seconds.
For a Excel file of the 2008 data
Accessions were planted in April, 2009 at Whitlow farm near Pullman, Washington. Elevation 2500 feet, Latitude 46 degrees, 43 minutes, 55 seconds, Longitude 117 degrees, 9 minutes, 25 seconds.
Accessions were planted in April, 2010 at Whitlow farm near Pullman, Washington. Elevation 2500 feet, Latitude 46 degrees, 43 minutes, 55 seconds, Longitude 117 degrees, 9 minutes, 25 seconds.
Accessions were planted in April, 2011 at Whitlow farm near Pullman, Washington. Elevation 2500 feet, Latitude 46 degrees, 43 minutes, 55 seconds, Longitude 117 degrees, 9 minutes, 25 seconds.
Accessions were planted in April, 2012 at Whitlow farm near Pullman, Washington. Elevation 2500 feet, Latitude 46 degrees, 43 minutes, 55 seconds, Longitude 117 degrees, 9 minutes, 25 seconds.
Accessions were planted in April, 2013 at Whitlow farm near Pullman, Washington. Elevation 2500 feet, Latitude 46 degrees, 43 minutes, 55 seconds, Longitude 117 degrees, 9 minutes, 25 seconds.
Nursery was planted on 2016 at the Central Ferry farm which is near the Snake River in Eastern Washington. The plots are about 700 feet above sea level under sprinkler irrigation.
Chickpeas were from the Cicer Single Plant (CSP) accessions.
Nursery was planted on April 3, 2017 at the Central Ferry farm which is near the Snake River in Eastern Washington. The plots are about 700 feet above sea level under sprinkler irrigation.
Nursery was planted on April 3, 2017 at the Central Ferry farm which is near the Snake River in Eastern Washington. The plots are about 700 feet above sea level under sprinkler irrigation.
Chickpeas were from the Cicer Single Plant (CSP) accessions.
Nursery was planted on March 30, 2018 at the Central Ferry farm which is near the Snake River in Eastern Washington. The plots are about 700 feet above sea level under sprinkler irrigation.
Nursery was planted on March 26, 2000 at the Central Ferry farm which is ^ near the Snake River in Eastern Washington. The plots are about 700 feet above sea level under irrigation. It is the intent to maintain Ascochyta blight free nurseries and not contaminate other accessions in the nursery and also to not spread Ascochyta blight to farmers prodution fields. Thus any accession showing symptoms of Ascochyta blight is destroyed and marked 'Y' for this descriptor.
Ascochyta rabiei screening trial done near the Washington/Idaho border on the Sanford Evens farm, Genesee, Idaho
Ascochyta rabiei screening trail done near the Washington/Idaho border on the Spillman farm, Pullman, Washington
Ascochyta rabiei screening trail done in Pullman. 12 reps were used. **Data was taken on a 0-to-10 scale and converted to a 0-to-9 scale by multipling by .90909.**
Selection of resistant lines is the major approach followed for its control at the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (Icarda), however there are races believed to bu multiple races of the pathogen (Vir and Grewal,1974). This study reports on existing pathogenic variability in A. rabiei in Syria and Labanon. Fifty Chickpea samples affected by blight were collected from Sryia and the Beqa'a Valley of Lebanon during the 1981-82 season from winter and spring sown crops. Sampling sites included farmers' fields, experiment stations and Icarda's off-station and on farm trials sites.
More information on the sampling and Experimental Design.
Excel spreadsheet of the data.
Our TRAP protocol followed that of Hu and Vick (2003) and used three fixed and four arbitrary primers (Table 1). Four arbitrary primers and one fixed primer used in the current study are based on those described by Hu et al. (2005). The other two fixed primers (prefix, MIR) were designed against micro RNA sequences in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. (Kwon et al. 2010). Four sets of PCR with 8 primer combinations were run with all the DNA samples (Table 2). TRAP amplification was carried out according to Hu et al.?s (2007) protocol. A total volume of 10 ?l was used for PCR amplification, which contained 1?l of genomic DNA (10 ng /?l), 0.2 ?l of the fixed primer (10 pmol / ?l), 0.2 ?l each of 700- & 800-IR dye labeled arbitrary primers (1 pmol / ?l), 0.8 ?l of dNTP (2.5 mM), 0.3?l of MgCl2 (50 mM), 1.0 ?l of 10 ? PCR buffer, 0.2 ?l of Taq polymerase (5 unit/?l; Bioline, Taunton, MA, USA), and 6.3 ?l water. PCR was performed by initially denaturing template DNA at 940C (2 minutes) followed by 5 cycles at 940C (45 second), 400C (45 second) and 720C (60 second), then 35 cycles at 940C (45 second), 500C (45 second) and 720C (60 second) and final extension at 720C (7 minutes). PCR was carried out in GenAmp 9700 thermal cyclers (Applied Biosystem, Foster City, CAalifornia, USA). Amplified products were separated on a 6.5% polyacrylamide sequencing gel in a Li-Cor Global DNA Sequencer (Li-Cor Biosciences, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA) by electrophoresis at 1500 V for 3 hours. The images were collected and scored manually.
For a Excel(xlsx) file of the Cicer TRAP data.
For a PDF file of the Cicer TRAP publication.
Cicer mini core. All the accessions have ICRISAT number (ICC numbers)
Wild Cicer images taken of plants growing at the Western Regional Plant Introduction Station, Pullman, Washington.
Nursery was planted on March 28, 2006 at the Central Ferry farm which is near the Snake River in Eastern Washington. The plots are about 700 feet above sea level under sprinkler irrigation.
Central Ferry 2006 Cicer nursery .
Wild Cicer images taken of plants grown in pots in the shade house in 2006
Nursery was planted on March 28, 2006 at the Central Ferry farm which is near the Snake River in Eastern Washington. The plots are about 700 feet above sea level under sprinkler irrigation.
Central Ferry 2006 Cicer nursery .
Wild Cicer images taken ochickpef plants growing at the Western Regional Plant Introduction Station, Pullman, Washington.
Accessions were planted on April, 2008 at Whitlow farm near Pullman, Washington. Elevation 2500 feet, Latitude 46 degrees, 43 minutes, 55 seconds, Longitude 117 degrees, 9 minutes, 25 seconds.
For a Excel file of the 2008 data
Accessions were planted on April, 2012 at Whitlow farm near Pullman, Washington. Elevation 2500 feet, Latitude 46 degrees, 43 minutes, 55 seconds, Longitude 117 degrees, 9 minutes, 25 seconds.
For a Excel file of the 2008 data
Scanner was an Epson Expression 10000XL flatbed scanner. Software is WinSEEDLE V. 2007c software with calibrated color correction, and set up the scans using the Regent Positioning System. The seed images are scanned at 400 dpi and saved in the .tif format.
For color comparison, the Munsell ColorChecker Chart from Xrite.com is included in the seed scan screen. The Munsell color system is a color space that specifies colors based on three color dimensions, hue, value ( lightness), and chroma (color purity or colorfulness). It was created by Professor Albert H. Munsell in the first decade of the 20th century. Reference: Munsell, Albert H. (January 1912). "A Pigment Color System and Notation." The American Journal of Psychology 23: 236-244.
Image taken of 12 seeds at the National Seed Storage Lab., Fort, Collins, Colorado by Phil Stanwood on 7-29-1994 & 11-3-1995
Image taken of 12 seeds at the Western Regional Plant Introduction Station
Observation data obtained from the passport data. Passport data was obtain when the accession was received.
Selected seeds of a single seed phenotype within each accession used previously in the mineral nutrient study of the Cicer collection (Grusak, 2005, GRIN) were used for this analysis. Protein concentration (N H 5.5) of the ground seed was determined using a Leco nitrogen analyzer (Leco Corp., St Joseph, MI, USA).
click for an Excel(.xls) spread sheet of Dr. Clare Coyne's protein data.
Selected seeds of a single seed phenotype within each accession used previously in the mineral nutrient study of the Cicer collection (Grusak, 2005, GRIN) were used for this analysis. Protein concentration (N H 5.5) of the ground seed was determined using a Leco nitrogen analyzer (Leco Corp., St Joseph, MI, USA).
click for an Excel(.xls) spread sheet of Dr. Clare Coyne's protein data.
Pea streak virus was isolated from commercial chickpea plantings and germplasm trials in different areas of the Palouse region. Inoculum was prepared from PSV-infected plant tissue, mechanically transmitted to accessions, and assayed for systemic infection 2-4 weeks later using an indirect ELISA.
Cicer arietinum from ICARDA were planted at the Pullman, Washington Whitlow farm on April 30, 2007. 245 small row were dirct seeded with approxiately 10 seeds per accession. Pea Streak Carlavirus(PSV) notes were taken based on plants symptoms by Dr. Clare Coyne on July 13, 2007. The PSV virus was not verfied by serological(ELISA) or PCR assays. Accessions without PSV symptoms were not consider resistant(R),since there was not a way to verfy that an infected PSV aphid attacked every accession. Only the accessions that were susceptible (S) were noted. The accessions evaluated were never sprayed with an insecticide.
Four pictures showing PSV sysptoms.
Pullman weather data from September 1, 2006 to August 31, 2007 as an Excel file .
100 seed weight at the Western Regional Plant Introduction Station, Pullman Washington, USA
The National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) identifies there accssions with an accession prefix (ACP) and a accession number (ACNO) and a accessions suffix (ACS). When single plant accessions were developed for Cicer, a accession suffix was added of 'CSP' to the new accession.. The accession prefix and accession number are the same as the accession the single plant came from.
Singe plant derived accessions were developed for an association mapping population.
Data taken on Cicer by the Western Regional Plant Introduction Station, Pullman, WA. prior to 1999
Collection pictures taken in 2006 from the Tajikistan trip by Barbara Hellier, Kenneth Street, Zebuniso Muminshoeva, Farkhod Kosimov, Shakhlo Safarzoda, John Sheppard, Natalya Rukhkyan and Sergey Shuvalov.
Tajikistan collection trip map.
Pictures taken in 2005 from field growing plants at Pullman, Washington
Scanner was an Epson Expression 10000XL flatbed scanner. Software is WinSEEDLE V. 2007c software with calibrated color correction, and set up the scans using the Regent Positioning System. The seed images are scanned at 400 dpi and saved in the .tif format.
For color comparison, the Munsell ColorChecker Chart from Xrite.com is included in the seed scan screen. The Munsell color system is a color space that specifies colors based on three color dimensions, hue, value ( lightness), and chroma (color purity or colorfulness). It was created by Professor Albert H. Munsell in the first decade of the 20th century. Reference: Munsell, Albert H. (January 1912). "A Pigment Color System and Notation." The American Journal of Psychology 23: 236-244.
Scanner was an Epson Expression 10000XL flatbed scanner. Software is WinSEEDLE V. 2007c software with calibrated color correction, and set up the scans using the Regent Positioning System. The seed images are scanned at 400 dpi and saved in the .tif format.
For color comparison, the Munsell ColorChecker Chart from Xrite.com is included in the seed scan screen. The Munsell color system is a color space that specifies colors based on three color dimensions, hue, value ( lightness), and chroma (color purity or colorfulness). It was created by Professor Albert H. Munsell in the first decade of the 20th century. Reference: Munsell, Albert H. (January 1912). "A Pigment Color System and Notation." The American Journal of Psychology 23: 236-244.
Images taken at Whitlow farm at Pullman Washington