09 July 2022.
Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States
Locality: West Grove, PA: Goddard Park: woodlands above a small unnamed creek that dumps into the Middle Branch White Clay Creek.
Coordinates: 39.8061, -75.8281
(Map it)
Elevation: 109m.
Georeference protocol: Lat/lon determined by GPS
Habitat: Wild Habitat
Environment description: Mesic, well-drained habitat of mature and undisturbed deciduous woodlands, well above a small unnamed creek that feeds into the Middle Branch White Clay Creek. Plants are growing in high understory shade with very little direct sun during most of the day. The woodlands are bordered by numerous housing developments and land converted to meadows; hence there is significant first order edge that is heavily impacted by invasive plant intrusion. Slope: 0 to 3 percent. Aspect: West. Soils are classified as Glenelg silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes (GgB); this series consists of fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic, well drained soils formed in residuum weathered from micaceous schist on uplands of the Blue Ridge and the Northern Piedmont. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the subsoil and moderately high to high in the substratum. This upper horizon of this soil is undifferentiated, mostly poorly drained sandy bottomland soils intermingled with decomposing organic litter and eroded silts and clays due to erosion.
Number of plants sampled: 20
Associated species: Fagus grandifolia; Lindera benzoin; Carya glabra; Liriodendron tulipifera; Viburnum dentatum; Cornus alternifolia; Maianthemum racemosum; Viburnum prunifolium; Carex pensylvanica; Actaea racemosa; Carpinus caroliniana; Juglans nigra; Smilax sp. (listed as S. glabra); Polystichum acrostichoides; Toxicodendron radicans; Acer rubrum; Smilax rotundifolia; Asarum canadense; Collinsonia canadensis; Fraxinus pennsylvanica; Vitis riparia; Ilex verticillata; Quercus rubra; Phytolacca americana; Nyssa sylvatica; Rubus hispidus; Eurybia divaricata; Ageratina altissima; Boehmeria cylindrica; Epifagus virginiana; Monotropa uniflora; Ulmus americana; Penthorum sedoides; Circaea lutetiana subsp. canadensis (listed as C. canadensis); Echinocystis lobata; Sanguinaria canadensis; Quercus velutina; Malus angustifolia; Vitis vulpina; Betula lenta; Quercus alba; Dioscorea villosa; Pilea pumila; Hamamelis virginiana; Erythronium americanum; Podophyllum peltatum; Claytonia virginica; Anemone quinquefolia; Viburnum acerifolium; Geranium maculatum; Polygonatum biflorum; Viola sp.; Persicaria perfoliata; Allium sp.; Crataegus sp.; Carya tomentosa; Erigeron annuus; Solidago caesia; Plantago major; Amelanchier arborea; Dennstaedtia punctilobula; Phegopteris hexagonoptera; Laportea canadensis.
Comment: Plants are single-leaved, deciduous, herbaceous perennials with three leaflets arranged in a terminal whorl. Mature plants range in size from 30-50 cm tall. A single fleshy, teardrop-shaped, ribbed fruit with several seeds is borne on a pedicel hanging beneath the leaves of each fertile plant. Fruits are pale pink to pink at maturity and approximately 1 cm in diameter. Plants are found scattered infrequently in the understory of the woodlands. Seed collected from more than 20 plants.
Collector(s):