05 November 2021.
Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States
Locality: Plants growing in woodlands along a small unnamed creek corridor dumping into the Middle Branch White Clay Creek in Goddard Park, West Grove Pennsylvania, off of Wickerton Road, Chester County.
Coordinates: 39.8052, -75.8293
(Map it)
Elevation: 107m.
Habitat: Wild Habitat
Environment description: Plants are growing in a range of habitats from mesic woodland to moist creekside settings of deciduous woodlands that drain toward the Middle Branch White Clay Creek. Plants grow in high understory shade with dappled to indirect sunlight. Soils: Soils found in the areas where this collection was made are comprised primarily of flood plain Hatboro silt loam (Ha) and well-drained, upland Glenelg silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes (GgC). Hatboro silt loam consists of very deep and poorly drained soils formed in deposited alluvium derived from metamorphic and crystalline rock. They are on flood plains. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. Glenelg silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in residuum weathered from micaceous schist on uplands of the Blue Ridge and the Northern Piedmont. This soil is undifferentiated, mostly poorly drained sandy bottomland soils intermingled with decomposing organic litter and eroded silts and clays due to erosion. Slope: 0 to 15% Aspect: Variable.
Number of plants sampled: 15
Associated species: Fagus grandifolia; Lindera benzoin; Carya glabra; Liriodendron tulipifera; Viburnum acerifolium; Cornus alternifolia; Maianthemum racemosum; Viburnum prunifolium; Carex pensylvanica; Actaea racemosa; Carpinus caroliniana; Juglans nigra; Smilax glabra; Polystichum acrostichoides; Toxicodendron radicans; Acer rubrum; Smilax rotundifolia; Asarum canadense; Collinsonia canadensis; Fraxinus americana; Vitis riparia; Ilex verticillata; Quercus rubra; Osmundastrum cinnamomeum; Athyrium felix-femina; Phytolacca americana; Platanus occidentalis; Nyssa sylvatica; Rubus hispidus; Eurybia divaricata; Acer negundo; Ageratina altissima; Polemonium reptans; Chionanthus virginicus; Boehmeria cylindrica; Ulmus americana; Onoclea sensibilis Penthorum sedoides; Circaea canadensis; Echinocystis lobata; Sanguinaria canadensis; Malus angustifolia; Vitis vulpina; Persicaria pennsylvanica; Sambucus canadensis; Betula lenta; Alliaria petiolata; Lonicera japonica; Callicarpa dichotoma; Acer platanoides; Euonymus alata; Rosa multiflora; Berberis thunbergia; Pyrus calleryana; Celastrus orbiculatus; Prunus avium; Paulownia tomentosa; Rubus phoenicolasius; Morus alba; Duchesnia indica; Elaeagnus umbellata; Lonicera maackii; Microstegium vimineum.
Comment: Plants are multi-stemmed, deciduous upright spreading shrubs. Mature plants regularly reach 3-4 meters tall and wide. Fleshy blue-black fruit are borne terminally on branches in large clusters, typically 10-20 fruits per cyme and range in diameter from 3-6 mm. Leaves are opposite and up to 10 cm long and 8 cm across; they are ovate-oval to cordate-orbicular in shape and uniformly coarsely dentate along their margins. The petioles of the leaves are sparsely hairy as are the primary veins on the undersides of the leaf blades.
Collector(s):