Details for: PI 641091, Fragaria iturupensis Staudt, F. iturupensis AS-03-042

Summary Data

Taxonomy:

Fragaria iturupensis Staudt

Top Name:

F. iturupensis AS-03-042

Origin:

Collected – Sakhalin, Russian Federation

Maintained:

National Clonal Germplasm Repository

Received by NPGS:

29 Jan 2004

Improvement Status:

Wild material

Reproductive Uniformity:

Hybrid

Form Received:

Seed

Life Form:

Perennial

Life Cycle:

Perennial

Backup Location:

National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation

Availability

This accession is not available. Contact site for status.

National Clonal Germplasm Repository

Due to a recent decrease in resources, we are in the process of restructuring our distribution and are not able to accept requests for this material at this time.

Images (8 total. Click on image for more.)

Core Passport Data

Taxonomy:

Fragaria iturupensis Staudt

Top Name:

F. iturupensis AS-03-042

Origin:

Collected – Sakhalin, Russian Federation

Maintained:

National Clonal Germplasm Repository

Received by NPGS:

29 Jan 2004

Improvement Status:

Wild material

Reproductive Uniformity:

Hybrid

Form Received:

Seed

Life Form:

Perennial

Life Cycle:

Perennial

Source History

Collected

05 August 2003.
Sakhalin, Russian Federation
Locality: Iturup Island, about half way up the eastern slope of the Volcano Atsunupuri.
Coordinates: 44.7967, 147.1928 (Map it)
Elevation: 630m.
Georeference protocol: Lat/Lon determined from GIS
Habitat: Wild Habitat

Collector(s):

Donated

29 January 2004.
Primorye, Russian Federation

Donor(s):

Sabitov, Andrey, N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Res. Inst. of Plant Industry

Accession Names and Identifiers

F. iturupensis AS-03-042

Type: Collector identifier

Group: SPECIES

accession preserved for genes

Sabitov, Andrey N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Res. Inst. of Plant Industry

AS-03-042

Type: Collector identifier

Group: FRAGARIA

Andrey Sabitov collection

Sabitov, Andrey N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Res. Inst. of Plant Industry

AS-03-042

Type: Developer identifier

AS 0703

Type: Exploration identifier

Group: PEO-EXPLORATIONS

Exploration ID links

CFRA 1841

Type: Site identifier

Group: LOCAL

Corvallis local number

Narrative

Fragaria iturupensis Staudt

Genus:

Fragaria

Family:

Rosaceae

Subfamily:

Rosoideae

Tribe:

Potentilleae

Subtribe:

Fragariinae

Nomen number:

317933

Place of publication:

Willdenowia 7:102. 1973

Comment:

valid publication verified from original literature

Verified:

03/12/2011 by ARS Systematic Botanists.

Other conspecific taxa

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Common names

Annotations

Observations

Phenotype Data

Category	Descriptor	Description	Value	Sample Size	Study	Inventory	Availability
CYTOLOGIC	DNA Ratio	Flow cytometry measurement of the ratio of the amount of sample DNA to the amount of DNA in a standard plant	0.91		FRAGARIA.2007.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .001 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	DNA Ratio	Flow cytometry measurement of the ratio of the amount of sample DNA to the amount of DNA in a standard plant	1.07		FRAGARIA.2007.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .023 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	DNA Ratio	Flow cytometry measurement of the ratio of the amount of sample DNA to the amount of DNA in a standard plant	1.15		FRAGARIA.2008.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .019 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	DNA Ratio	Flow cytometry measurement of the ratio of the amount of sample DNA to the amount of DNA in a standard plant	1.16		FRAGARIA.2008.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .001 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	DNA Ratio	Flow cytometry measurement of the ratio of the amount of sample DNA to the amount of DNA in a standard plant	1.16		FRAGARIA.2008.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .023 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	DNA Ratio	Flow cytometry measurement of the ratio of the amount of sample DNA to the amount of DNA in a standard plant	1.16		FRAGARIA.2009.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .001 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	Ploidy	Number of sets of chromosomes. Example: 2x	10x		FRAGARIA.2007.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .001 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	Ploidy	Number of sets of chromosomes. Example: 2x	10x		FRAGARIA.2007.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .023 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	Ploidy	Number of sets of chromosomes. Example: 2x	10x		FRAGARIA.2008.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .001 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	Ploidy	Number of sets of chromosomes. Example: 2x	10x		FRAGARIA.2008.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .019 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	Ploidy	Number of sets of chromosomes. Example: 2x	10x		FRAGARIA.2008.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .023 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	Ploidy	Number of sets of chromosomes. Example: 2x	10x		FRAGARIA.2009.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .001 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	Ploidy Equation	Equation of the ploidy of the plant. Example 2n = 2x = YY	2n = 10x = 70		FRAGARIA.2007.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .001 PL	Not Available
CYTOLOGIC	Ploidy Equation	Equation of the ploidy of the plant. Example 2n = 2x = YY	2n = 10x = 70		FRAGARIA.2007.CYTOLOGY	CFRA 1841 .023 PL	Not Available
DISEASE	Powdery mildew rating 6 Aug 2009	Powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis (Wallr.) U. Braun & S. Takamatsu) infections were rated on 6 August 2009, from I = no disease to 9 = severe infection.	3.2	4	Wild strawberries were shipped as runners from NCGR-Corvallis and propagated in the greenhouse and in the field at NCROC in 2008. In mid-October 2008, plants were dug and potted to 10 cm pots and grown in a heated greenhouse until January 2009, when they were moved to a cellar to spend their dormancy. Potted plants were moved out of the cellar on May 10, 2009, and stayed outdoors until planting. On 28 May 2009, two, two-plant plots of each genotype were established in each of four blocks in a split block design. In each block, there were two sub-blocks with identical planting plans. One was overwintered with straw mulch, and the adjacent sub-block was overwintered without mulch. fn addition to the 34 replicated entries, two other wild genotypes, PI 637954 and Pl 641089, with insufficient plants for complete replication, were planted in a border row for observation. Starter fertilizer (11-52-0), monoammonium phosphate at rate of 80 g·114 L-1 rate and 500 ml solution per plant was used at planting and no additional fertilizer was applied after planting. Drip irrigation was installed as one T-tape per row (emitters spaced at 305 mm, 1.7 L·min-1, 102 L·h-1 for 30 mat 55.6 k Pa, John Deere Water, San Marcos, CA) and the field was irrigated once or twice per week as a supplement to precipitation. Weeds were manually removed and the space between rows was tilled as necessary to control weeds and runners. Straw mulch of 10-15 cm was applied on mulched plots in early November 2009, and removed to between rows in early April 2010. Straw was also added between the rows of the non-mulched plots in April so that all plots had surrounding straw during the 2010 growing season. 2009 Evaluations Plants in each plot were initially spaced 0.6 m apart in rows 1.3 m apart. Plants were allowed to runner in 2010 to form short matted row plots. Some genotypes with excessive runners were trimmed manually to maintain them within their plot. Runners per plot were rated on 6 Aug. 2010 from 1 = 1-5 runners per plot; 2 = 6-10; 3 = 11-20; 4 = 21-30; and 5 => 30. Powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis (Wallr.) U. Braun & S. Takamatsu) and fungal leaf spot (Mycosphaerella fragariae (Tul.) Lindau) and leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earliana Ell. et Ev. (Wolf)) infections were rated on 6 Aug. and 25 September 2009, from 1 = no disease to 9 = severe infection. Frost resistance was evaluated on 13 October 2009, after several hard frosts from 9 to 13 October 2009, on a scale from I = no damage to 9 = all leaves fully desiccated. 2010 Evaluations In 2010, genotypes were evaluated for several plant and fruit traits. The stand (% coverage of the plot) was estimated on 15 May during flowering and again at the early stage fruiting on 18 June. Winter injury was rated on 4 June from 1 (= all plants surviving , and vigorously growing) to 9 (= all plants dead) based on visual estimation of survival of the plants and the health and regrowth of the surviving plants. Plant vigor was rated on 18 June from 0 (= dead) to 9 (= highly vigorous) based primarily on the number and size of leaves produced. Growth habit was rated on 28 June from 1 (= prostrate) to 5 (= erect). Productivity was rated from 0 (no fruit) to 9 (heavily fruiting) when approximately 50% of the fruit appeared to be ripe. Using the same rating scale as in 2009, powdery mildew, fungal leaf spotting (leaf scorch/blight/spot) severity were rated on 7 July and 27 July. Fungal leaf spotting diseases appeared to include leaf scorch, leaf blight and leaf spot in 2010. As all three could be observed on one genotype, and necrotic lesions often coincided, a single fungal leaf disease score was given for each plot. Berry weight was estimated based on random samples of 20 berries from a midseason harvest date (approximately 50% ripe fruit) from plots that fruited. Fruit shape was described as oblate, globose, globose conic, conic, long conic, necked, long wedge or short wedge according to the University of Florida key. External and internal fruit colors were described. Skin toughness was rated from 1 (very tender) to 9 (very tough) based on resistance to thumb abrasion when rubbed between thumb and forefinger. Firmness was rated from 1 (very soft) to 9 (very firm) when squeezed between thumb and forefinger. Flavor was characterized with descriptors and rated hedonically by JJL from 1 (very poor) to 9 (excellent). Ratings were performed by SY and JJL in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Data for plant and fruit traits in each year were analyzed, where appropriate, using ANOVA with Statistix Software (Analytical Software, Tallahassee, FL). Mean separations were based on Fisher's protected LSD (P<=0.05). ">FRAGARIA.Yao.Luby.Hummer.EvaluationOfStrawberrySpecies.2012		Not Available
DISEASE	Powdery mildew rating 25 Sept 2009	Powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis (Wallr.) U. Braun & S. Takamatsu) infections were rated on 25 September 2009, from I = no disease to 9 = severe infection.	3.8 f	4	Wild strawberries were shipped as runners from NCGR-Corvallis and propagated in the greenhouse and in the field at NCROC in 2008. In mid-October 2008, plants were dug and potted to 10 cm pots and grown in a heated greenhouse until January 2009, when they were moved to a cellar to spend their dormancy. Potted plants were moved out of the cellar on May 10, 2009, and stayed outdoors until planting. On 28 May 2009, two, two-plant plots of each genotype were established in each of four blocks in a split block design. In each block, there were two sub-blocks with identical planting plans. One was overwintered with straw mulch, and the adjacent sub-block was overwintered without mulch. fn addition to the 34 replicated entries, two other wild genotypes, PI 637954 and Pl 641089, with insufficient plants for complete replication, were planted in a border row for observation. Starter fertilizer (11-52-0), monoammonium phosphate at rate of 80 g·114 L-1 rate and 500 ml solution per plant was used at planting and no additional fertilizer was applied after planting. Drip irrigation was installed as one T-tape per row (emitters spaced at 305 mm, 1.7 L·min-1, 102 L·h-1 for 30 mat 55.6 k Pa, John Deere Water, San Marcos, CA) and the field was irrigated once or twice per week as a supplement to precipitation. Weeds were manually removed and the space between rows was tilled as necessary to control weeds and runners. Straw mulch of 10-15 cm was applied on mulched plots in early November 2009, and removed to between rows in early April 2010. Straw was also added between the rows of the non-mulched plots in April so that all plots had surrounding straw during the 2010 growing season. 2009 Evaluations Plants in each plot were initially spaced 0.6 m apart in rows 1.3 m apart. Plants were allowed to runner in 2010 to form short matted row plots. Some genotypes with excessive runners were trimmed manually to maintain them within their plot. Runners per plot were rated on 6 Aug. 2010 from 1 = 1-5 runners per plot; 2 = 6-10; 3 = 11-20; 4 = 21-30; and 5 => 30. Powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis (Wallr.) U. Braun & S. Takamatsu) and fungal leaf spot (Mycosphaerella fragariae (Tul.) Lindau) and leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earliana Ell. et Ev. (Wolf)) infections were rated on 6 Aug. and 25 September 2009, from 1 = no disease to 9 = severe infection. Frost resistance was evaluated on 13 October 2009, after several hard frosts from 9 to 13 October 2009, on a scale from I = no damage to 9 = all leaves fully desiccated. 2010 Evaluations In 2010, genotypes were evaluated for several plant and fruit traits. The stand (% coverage of the plot) was estimated on 15 May during flowering and again at the early stage fruiting on 18 June. Winter injury was rated on 4 June from 1 (= all plants surviving , and vigorously growing) to 9 (= all plants dead) based on visual estimation of survival of the plants and the health and regrowth of the surviving plants. Plant vigor was rated on 18 June from 0 (= dead) to 9 (= highly vigorous) based primarily on the number and size of leaves produced. Growth habit was rated on 28 June from 1 (= prostrate) to 5 (= erect). Productivity was rated from 0 (no fruit) to 9 (heavily fruiting) when approximately 50% of the fruit appeared to be ripe. Using the same rating scale as in 2009, powdery mildew, fungal leaf spotting (leaf scorch/blight/spot) severity were rated on 7 July and 27 July. Fungal leaf spotting diseases appeared to include leaf scorch, leaf blight and leaf spot in 2010. As all three could be observed on one genotype, and necrotic lesions often coincided, a single fungal leaf disease score was given for each plot. Berry weight was estimated based on random samples of 20 berries from a midseason harvest date (approximately 50% ripe fruit) from plots that fruited. Fruit shape was described as oblate, globose, globose conic, conic, long conic, necked, long wedge or short wedge according to the University of Florida key. External and internal fruit colors were described. Skin toughness was rated from 1 (very tender) to 9 (very tough) based on resistance to thumb abrasion when rubbed between thumb and forefinger. Firmness was rated from 1 (very soft) to 9 (very firm) when squeezed between thumb and forefinger. Flavor was characterized with descriptors and rated hedonically by JJL from 1 (very poor) to 9 (excellent). Ratings were performed by SY and JJL in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Data for plant and fruit traits in each year were analyzed, where appropriate, using ANOVA with Statistix Software (Analytical Software, Tallahassee, FL). Mean separations were based on Fisher's protected LSD (P<=0.05). ">FRAGARIA.Yao.Luby.Hummer.EvaluationOfStrawberrySpecies.2012		Not Available
DISEASE	Leaf scorch rating on 6 Aug 2009	Leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earliana Ell. et Ev. (Wolf)) infections were rated on 6 August 2009 from I = no disease to 9 = severe infection.	4.8	4	Wild strawberries were shipped as runners from NCGR-Corvallis and propagated in the greenhouse and in the field at NCROC in 2008. In mid-October 2008, plants were dug and potted to 10 cm pots and grown in a heated greenhouse until January 2009, when they were moved to a cellar to spend their dormancy. Potted plants were moved out of the cellar on May 10, 2009, and stayed outdoors until planting. On 28 May 2009, two, two-plant plots of each genotype were established in each of four blocks in a split block design. In each block, there were two sub-blocks with identical planting plans. One was overwintered with straw mulch, and the adjacent sub-block was overwintered without mulch. fn addition to the 34 replicated entries, two other wild genotypes, PI 637954 and Pl 641089, with insufficient plants for complete replication, were planted in a border row for observation. Starter fertilizer (11-52-0), monoammonium phosphate at rate of 80 g·114 L-1 rate and 500 ml solution per plant was used at planting and no additional fertilizer was applied after planting. Drip irrigation was installed as one T-tape per row (emitters spaced at 305 mm, 1.7 L·min-1, 102 L·h-1 for 30 mat 55.6 k Pa, John Deere Water, San Marcos, CA) and the field was irrigated once or twice per week as a supplement to precipitation. Weeds were manually removed and the space between rows was tilled as necessary to control weeds and runners. Straw mulch of 10-15 cm was applied on mulched plots in early November 2009, and removed to between rows in early April 2010. Straw was also added between the rows of the non-mulched plots in April so that all plots had surrounding straw during the 2010 growing season. 2009 Evaluations Plants in each plot were initially spaced 0.6 m apart in rows 1.3 m apart. Plants were allowed to runner in 2010 to form short matted row plots. Some genotypes with excessive runners were trimmed manually to maintain them within their plot. Runners per plot were rated on 6 Aug. 2010 from 1 = 1-5 runners per plot; 2 = 6-10; 3 = 11-20; 4 = 21-30; and 5 => 30. Powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis (Wallr.) U. Braun & S. Takamatsu) and fungal leaf spot (Mycosphaerella fragariae (Tul.) Lindau) and leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earliana Ell. et Ev. (Wolf)) infections were rated on 6 Aug. and 25 September 2009, from 1 = no disease to 9 = severe infection. Frost resistance was evaluated on 13 October 2009, after several hard frosts from 9 to 13 October 2009, on a scale from I = no damage to 9 = all leaves fully desiccated. 2010 Evaluations In 2010, genotypes were evaluated for several plant and fruit traits. The stand (% coverage of the plot) was estimated on 15 May during flowering and again at the early stage fruiting on 18 June. Winter injury was rated on 4 June from 1 (= all plants surviving , and vigorously growing) to 9 (= all plants dead) based on visual estimation of survival of the plants and the health and regrowth of the surviving plants. Plant vigor was rated on 18 June from 0 (= dead) to 9 (= highly vigorous) based primarily on the number and size of leaves produced. Growth habit was rated on 28 June from 1 (= prostrate) to 5 (= erect). Productivity was rated from 0 (no fruit) to 9 (heavily fruiting) when approximately 50% of the fruit appeared to be ripe. Using the same rating scale as in 2009, powdery mildew, fungal leaf spotting (leaf scorch/blight/spot) severity were rated on 7 July and 27 July. Fungal leaf spotting diseases appeared to include leaf scorch, leaf blight and leaf spot in 2010. As all three could be observed on one genotype, and necrotic lesions often coincided, a single fungal leaf disease score was given for each plot. Berry weight was estimated based on random samples of 20 berries from a midseason harvest date (approximately 50% ripe fruit) from plots that fruited. Fruit shape was described as oblate, globose, globose conic, conic, long conic, necked, long wedge or short wedge according to the University of Florida key. External and internal fruit colors were described. Skin toughness was rated from 1 (very tender) to 9 (very tough) based on resistance to thumb abrasion when rubbed between thumb and forefinger. Firmness was rated from 1 (very soft) to 9 (very firm) when squeezed between thumb and forefinger. Flavor was characterized with descriptors and rated hedonically by JJL from 1 (very poor) to 9 (excellent). Ratings were performed by SY and JJL in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Data for plant and fruit traits in each year were analyzed, where appropriate, using ANOVA with Statistix Software (Analytical Software, Tallahassee, FL). Mean separations were based on Fisher's protected LSD (P<=0.05). ">FRAGARIA.Yao.Luby.Hummer.EvaluationOfStrawberrySpecies.2012		Not Available
DISEASE	Leaf Scorch rating 25 Sept 2009	Leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earliana Ell. et Ev. (Wolf)) infections were rated on 25 September 2009 from I = no disease to 9 = severe infection.	3.6	4	Wild strawberries were shipped as runners from NCGR-Corvallis and propagated in the greenhouse and in the field at NCROC in 2008. In mid-October 2008, plants were dug and potted to 10 cm pots and grown in a heated greenhouse until January 2009, when they were moved to a cellar to spend their dormancy. Potted plants were moved out of the cellar on May 10, 2009, and stayed outdoors until planting. On 28 May 2009, two, two-plant plots of each genotype were established in each of four blocks in a split block design. In each block, there were two sub-blocks with identical planting plans. One was overwintered with straw mulch, and the adjacent sub-block was overwintered without mulch. fn addition to the 34 replicated entries, two other wild genotypes, PI 637954 and Pl 641089, with insufficient plants for complete replication, were planted in a border row for observation. Starter fertilizer (11-52-0), monoammonium phosphate at rate of 80 g·114 L-1 rate and 500 ml solution per plant was used at planting and no additional fertilizer was applied after planting. Drip irrigation was installed as one T-tape per row (emitters spaced at 305 mm, 1.7 L·min-1, 102 L·h-1 for 30 mat 55.6 k Pa, John Deere Water, San Marcos, CA) and the field was irrigated once or twice per week as a supplement to precipitation. Weeds were manually removed and the space between rows was tilled as necessary to control weeds and runners. Straw mulch of 10-15 cm was applied on mulched plots in early November 2009, and removed to between rows in early April 2010. Straw was also added between the rows of the non-mulched plots in April so that all plots had surrounding straw during the 2010 growing season. 2009 Evaluations Plants in each plot were initially spaced 0.6 m apart in rows 1.3 m apart. Plants were allowed to runner in 2010 to form short matted row plots. Some genotypes with excessive runners were trimmed manually to maintain them within their plot. Runners per plot were rated on 6 Aug. 2010 from 1 = 1-5 runners per plot; 2 = 6-10; 3 = 11-20; 4 = 21-30; and 5 => 30. Powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis (Wallr.) U. Braun & S. Takamatsu) and fungal leaf spot (Mycosphaerella fragariae (Tul.) Lindau) and leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earliana Ell. et Ev. (Wolf)) infections were rated on 6 Aug. and 25 September 2009, from 1 = no disease to 9 = severe infection. Frost resistance was evaluated on 13 October 2009, after several hard frosts from 9 to 13 October 2009, on a scale from I = no damage to 9 = all leaves fully desiccated. 2010 Evaluations In 2010, genotypes were evaluated for several plant and fruit traits. The stand (% coverage of the plot) was estimated on 15 May during flowering and again at the early stage fruiting on 18 June. Winter injury was rated on 4 June from 1 (= all plants surviving , and vigorously growing) to 9 (= all plants dead) based on visual estimation of survival of the plants and the health and regrowth of the surviving plants. Plant vigor was rated on 18 June from 0 (= dead) to 9 (= highly vigorous) based primarily on the number and size of leaves produced. Growth habit was rated on 28 June from 1 (= prostrate) to 5 (= erect). Productivity was rated from 0 (no fruit) to 9 (heavily fruiting) when approximately 50% of the fruit appeared to be ripe. Using the same rating scale as in 2009, powdery mildew, fungal leaf spotting (leaf scorch/blight/spot) severity were rated on 7 July and 27 July. Fungal leaf spotting diseases appeared to include leaf scorch, leaf blight and leaf spot in 2010. As all three could be observed on one genotype, and necrotic lesions often coincided, a single fungal leaf disease score was given for each plot. Berry weight was estimated based on random samples of 20 berries from a midseason harvest date (approximately 50% ripe fruit) from plots that fruited. Fruit shape was described as oblate, globose, globose conic, conic, long conic, necked, long wedge or short wedge according to the University of Florida key. External and internal fruit colors were described. Skin toughness was rated from 1 (very tender) to 9 (very tough) based on resistance to thumb abrasion when rubbed between thumb and forefinger. Firmness was rated from 1 (very soft) to 9 (very firm) when squeezed between thumb and forefinger. Flavor was characterized with descriptors and rated hedonically by JJL from 1 (very poor) to 9 (excellent). Ratings were performed by SY and JJL in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Data for plant and fruit traits in each year were analyzed, where appropriate, using ANOVA with Statistix Software (Analytical Software, Tallahassee, FL). Mean separations were based on Fisher's protected LSD (P<=0.05). ">FRAGARIA.Yao.Luby.Hummer.EvaluationOfStrawberrySpecies.2012		Not Available
MORPHOLOGY	Runnering rating in Minnesota	Runners per plot were rated on 6 Aug. 2010 from I = 1-5 runners per plot; 2 = 6-10, 3 = 11-20, 4 = 21-30, and 5 =>30.	3.le	4	Wild strawberries were shipped as runners from NCGR-Corvallis and propagated in the greenhouse and in the field at NCROC in 2008. In mid-October 2008, plants were dug and potted to 10 cm pots and grown in a heated greenhouse until January 2009, when they were moved to a cellar to spend their dormancy. Potted plants were moved out of the cellar on May 10, 2009, and stayed outdoors until planting. On 28 May 2009, two, two-plant plots of each genotype were established in each of four blocks in a split block design. In each block, there were two sub-blocks with identical planting plans. One was overwintered with straw mulch, and the adjacent sub-block was overwintered without mulch. fn addition to the 34 replicated entries, two other wild genotypes, PI 637954 and Pl 641089, with insufficient plants for complete replication, were planted in a border row for observation. Starter fertilizer (11-52-0), monoammonium phosphate at rate of 80 g·114 L-1 rate and 500 ml solution per plant was used at planting and no additional fertilizer was applied after planting. Drip irrigation was installed as one T-tape per row (emitters spaced at 305 mm, 1.7 L·min-1, 102 L·h-1 for 30 mat 55.6 k Pa, John Deere Water, San Marcos, CA) and the field was irrigated once or twice per week as a supplement to precipitation. Weeds were manually removed and the space between rows was tilled as necessary to control weeds and runners. Straw mulch of 10-15 cm was applied on mulched plots in early November 2009, and removed to between rows in early April 2010. Straw was also added between the rows of the non-mulched plots in April so that all plots had surrounding straw during the 2010 growing season. 2009 Evaluations Plants in each plot were initially spaced 0.6 m apart in rows 1.3 m apart. Plants were allowed to runner in 2010 to form short matted row plots. Some genotypes with excessive runners were trimmed manually to maintain them within their plot. Runners per plot were rated on 6 Aug. 2010 from 1 = 1-5 runners per plot; 2 = 6-10; 3 = 11-20; 4 = 21-30; and 5 => 30. Powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis (Wallr.) U. Braun & S. Takamatsu) and fungal leaf spot (Mycosphaerella fragariae (Tul.) Lindau) and leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earliana Ell. et Ev. (Wolf)) infections were rated on 6 Aug. and 25 September 2009, from 1 = no disease to 9 = severe infection. Frost resistance was evaluated on 13 October 2009, after several hard frosts from 9 to 13 October 2009, on a scale from I = no damage to 9 = all leaves fully desiccated. 2010 Evaluations In 2010, genotypes were evaluated for several plant and fruit traits. The stand (% coverage of the plot) was estimated on 15 May during flowering and again at the early stage fruiting on 18 June. Winter injury was rated on 4 June from 1 (= all plants surviving , and vigorously growing) to 9 (= all plants dead) based on visual estimation of survival of the plants and the health and regrowth of the surviving plants. Plant vigor was rated on 18 June from 0 (= dead) to 9 (= highly vigorous) based primarily on the number and size of leaves produced. Growth habit was rated on 28 June from 1 (= prostrate) to 5 (= erect). Productivity was rated from 0 (no fruit) to 9 (heavily fruiting) when approximately 50% of the fruit appeared to be ripe. Using the same rating scale as in 2009, powdery mildew, fungal leaf spotting (leaf scorch/blight/spot) severity were rated on 7 July and 27 July. Fungal leaf spotting diseases appeared to include leaf scorch, leaf blight and leaf spot in 2010. As all three could be observed on one genotype, and necrotic lesions often coincided, a single fungal leaf disease score was given for each plot. Berry weight was estimated based on random samples of 20 berries from a midseason harvest date (approximately 50% ripe fruit) from plots that fruited. Fruit shape was described as oblate, globose, globose conic, conic, long conic, necked, long wedge or short wedge according to the University of Florida key. External and internal fruit colors were described. Skin toughness was rated from 1 (very tender) to 9 (very tough) based on resistance to thumb abrasion when rubbed between thumb and forefinger. Firmness was rated from 1 (very soft) to 9 (very firm) when squeezed between thumb and forefinger. Flavor was characterized with descriptors and rated hedonically by JJL from 1 (very poor) to 9 (excellent). Ratings were performed by SY and JJL in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Data for plant and fruit traits in each year were analyzed, where appropriate, using ANOVA with Statistix Software (Analytical Software, Tallahassee, FL). Mean separations were based on Fisher's protected LSD (P<=0.05). ">FRAGARIA.Yao.Luby.Hummer.EvaluationOfStrawberrySpecies.2012		Not Available
PHYSIOLOGY	Frost resistance rating October 2009	Frost resistance was evaluated on 13 Oct. 2009, after several hard frosts from 9 Oct. to 13 Oct. 2009, on a scale from I = no damage to 9 = all leaves fully desiccated.	3.6	4	Wild strawberries were shipped as runners from NCGR-Corvallis and propagated in the greenhouse and in the field at NCROC in 2008. In mid-October 2008, plants were dug and potted to 10 cm pots and grown in a heated greenhouse until January 2009, when they were moved to a cellar to spend their dormancy. Potted plants were moved out of the cellar on May 10, 2009, and stayed outdoors until planting. On 28 May 2009, two, two-plant plots of each genotype were established in each of four blocks in a split block design. In each block, there were two sub-blocks with identical planting plans. One was overwintered with straw mulch, and the adjacent sub-block was overwintered without mulch. fn addition to the 34 replicated entries, two other wild genotypes, PI 637954 and Pl 641089, with insufficient plants for complete replication, were planted in a border row for observation. Starter fertilizer (11-52-0), monoammonium phosphate at rate of 80 g·114 L-1 rate and 500 ml solution per plant was used at planting and no additional fertilizer was applied after planting. Drip irrigation was installed as one T-tape per row (emitters spaced at 305 mm, 1.7 L·min-1, 102 L·h-1 for 30 mat 55.6 k Pa, John Deere Water, San Marcos, CA) and the field was irrigated once or twice per week as a supplement to precipitation. Weeds were manually removed and the space between rows was tilled as necessary to control weeds and runners. Straw mulch of 10-15 cm was applied on mulched plots in early November 2009, and removed to between rows in early April 2010. Straw was also added between the rows of the non-mulched plots in April so that all plots had surrounding straw during the 2010 growing season. 2009 Evaluations Plants in each plot were initially spaced 0.6 m apart in rows 1.3 m apart. Plants were allowed to runner in 2010 to form short matted row plots. Some genotypes with excessive runners were trimmed manually to maintain them within their plot. Runners per plot were rated on 6 Aug. 2010 from 1 = 1-5 runners per plot; 2 = 6-10; 3 = 11-20; 4 = 21-30; and 5 => 30. Powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis (Wallr.) U. Braun & S. Takamatsu) and fungal leaf spot (Mycosphaerella fragariae (Tul.) Lindau) and leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earliana Ell. et Ev. (Wolf)) infections were rated on 6 Aug. and 25 September 2009, from 1 = no disease to 9 = severe infection. Frost resistance was evaluated on 13 October 2009, after several hard frosts from 9 to 13 October 2009, on a scale from I = no damage to 9 = all leaves fully desiccated. 2010 Evaluations In 2010, genotypes were evaluated for several plant and fruit traits. The stand (% coverage of the plot) was estimated on 15 May during flowering and again at the early stage fruiting on 18 June. Winter injury was rated on 4 June from 1 (= all plants surviving , and vigorously growing) to 9 (= all plants dead) based on visual estimation of survival of the plants and the health and regrowth of the surviving plants. Plant vigor was rated on 18 June from 0 (= dead) to 9 (= highly vigorous) based primarily on the number and size of leaves produced. Growth habit was rated on 28 June from 1 (= prostrate) to 5 (= erect). Productivity was rated from 0 (no fruit) to 9 (heavily fruiting) when approximately 50% of the fruit appeared to be ripe. Using the same rating scale as in 2009, powdery mildew, fungal leaf spotting (leaf scorch/blight/spot) severity were rated on 7 July and 27 July. Fungal leaf spotting diseases appeared to include leaf scorch, leaf blight and leaf spot in 2010. As all three could be observed on one genotype, and necrotic lesions often coincided, a single fungal leaf disease score was given for each plot. Berry weight was estimated based on random samples of 20 berries from a midseason harvest date (approximately 50% ripe fruit) from plots that fruited. Fruit shape was described as oblate, globose, globose conic, conic, long conic, necked, long wedge or short wedge according to the University of Florida key. External and internal fruit colors were described. Skin toughness was rated from 1 (very tender) to 9 (very tough) based on resistance to thumb abrasion when rubbed between thumb and forefinger. Firmness was rated from 1 (very soft) to 9 (very firm) when squeezed between thumb and forefinger. Flavor was characterized with descriptors and rated hedonically by JJL from 1 (very poor) to 9 (excellent). Ratings were performed by SY and JJL in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Data for plant and fruit traits in each year were analyzed, where appropriate, using ANOVA with Statistix Software (Analytical Software, Tallahassee, FL). Mean separations were based on Fisher's protected LSD (P<=0.05). ">FRAGARIA.Yao.Luby.Hummer.EvaluationOfStrawberrySpecies.2012		Not Available