Details for: PI 449302, Lolium multiflorum Lam., BILLION


Summary Data
Taxonomy:
Lolium multiflorum Lam.
Top Name:
BILLION
Origin:
Collected – Netherlands
Received by NPGS:
01 Apr 1980
PI Assigned:
1980
Improvement Status:
Cultivar
Form Received:
Seed
Availability
FormQuantityNoteInventoryCart
Seed100 countPI 449302 81i SD
Seed available for distribution is a limited resource. The quantity of seed distributed is hopefully sufficient to conduct the intended research. If additional seed is required, the recipient is urged to grow and reproduce the seed. Repeated requests for seed of the same accession will not be honored.
  
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SEED

Core Passport Data
Taxonomy:
Lolium multiflorum Lam.
Top Name:
BILLION
Origin:
Collected – Netherlands
Received by NPGS:
01 Apr 1980
PI Assigned:
1980
Improvement Status:
Cultivar
Form Received:
Seed
Source History
Collected

Netherlands

Donated
01 April 1980.
Nebraska, United States

Donor(s):
Accession Names and Identifiers
BILLION
Type: Unverified name

Narrative
Seed imported from Oregon, USA. Tetraploid. Local name Ballica. Received as subsp. westerwoldicum.
Lolium multiflorum Lam.
Genus:
Lolium
Family:
Poaceae (alt. Gramineae)
Subfamily:
Pooideae
Tribe:
Poeae
Subtribe:
Loliinae
Nomen number:

22493
Place of publication:

Fl. franç. 3:621. 1779 ("1778")
Verified:
05/08/1992 by ARS Systematic Botanists.
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Autonym(s)
Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. multiflorum

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Lolium perenne L. subsp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husn., nom. inval.

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Lolium gaudinii Parl., nom. inval.
Lolium italicum A. Braun, nom. inval.
Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. westerwoldicum Wittm.

Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
Englishannual ryegrass  1Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
EnglishItalian ryegrass  1Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Englishlovitto ryegrass  1Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
EnglishWesterwold ryegrass  1Terrell, E. E. 1968. A taxonomic revision of the genus Lolium. Techn. Bull. U.S.D.A. 1392:10.
EnglishWesterwolds ryegrass  1Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
AfrikaansItaliaanse raaigras  2Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
English (Canada)Italian rye grass Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada official name2Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 30.
Frenchivraie multiflore  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Frenchray-grass d'Italie  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French (Canada)ivraie multiflore Agriculture & Agroalimentaire Canada nom officiel2Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 30.
Germanitalienisches Raygras  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Germanwelsches Weidelgras  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Germanwesterwoldisches Weidelgras  2Terrell, E. E. 1968. A taxonomic revision of the genus Lolium. Techn. Bull. U.S.D.A. 1392:10.
Italianloglio italico  2International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
Portugueseazevém  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishballico italiano  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishraygrás italiano  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Swedishitalienskt rajgräs  2Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Transcribed Chineseduo hua hei mai cao  2Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Annotations
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Citations
  • Rios, E. F., K. E. Kenworthy, & P. R. Munoz. 2015. Association of phenotypic traits with ploidy and genome size in annual ryegrass. Crop Sci. (Madison) 55:2078-2090. Number of accessions cited: 139
Pedigree

Observations

Phenotype Data

CategoryDescriptorDescriptionValueSample SizeStudyInventoryAvailability
CYTOLOGICPloidy LevelPloidy level as determined by nuclear DNA contentTetraploid5GRASS.PLOIDY.2015.LOLIUM.RIOSPI 449302 81i SD
GROWTHPlant heightPlant height at maturity in centimeters5528LOLIUM.MULTIFLORUM.2002.YEAR1PI 449302 81i SD
GROWTHPlant heightPlant height at maturity in centimeters85 GRASS.1996.NELSONPI 449302 81i SD
GROWTHGrowth habitPlant growth habit5 - (1 = PROCUMBENT, 9 = UPRIGHT)28LOLIUM.MULTIFLORUM.2002.YEAR1PI 449302 81i SD
GROWTHSeedling vigorRelative degree of seedling vigor6 - (1 = BEST, 9 = POOR) GRASS.SDLGVIGOR.1990.CASLERPI 449302 81i SD
GROWTHSeedling vigorRelative degree of seedling vigor8 - (1 = BEST, 9 = POOR) GRASS.1996.NELSONPI 449302 81i SD
GROWTHPlant vigorOverall plant growth as compared to other accessions in the study3 - (1 = WEAKEST, 9 = STRONGEST) GRASS.VIGOR.1990.CASLER.LOLIUMPI 449302 81i SD
GROWTHPlant DiameterPlant diameter recorded 5 centimeters above the ground measured in centimeters.728LOLIUM.MULTIFLORUM.2002.YEAR1PI 449302 81i SD
MORPHOLOGYCrown densityCrown density (Data taken during the fall of the6 - (1 = LEAST TILLERS, 9 = MOST TILLERS) GRASS.1996.NELSONPI 449302 81i SD
MORPHOLOGYInflorescence number (coded)Inflorescence number (coded)4 - (1 = FEW, 9 = MOST)28LOLIUM.MULTIFLORUM.2002.YEAR1PI 449302 81i SD
MORPHOLOGYSeed weight 100Weight of 100 seeds in grams.0.425 GRASS.SEEDWEIGHT.WRPISPI 449302 81i SD
MORPHOLOGYFlowering habitFlowering habit1 - DETERMINATE GRASS.1996.NELSONPI 449302 81i SD
MORPHOLOGYLeaf widthLeaf width measured in millimeters728LOLIUM.MULTIFLORUM.2002.YEAR1PI 449302 81i SD
MORPHOLOGYLeaf colorLeaf color4 - (1 = light green, 9 = dark green) GRASS.1996.NELSONPI 449302 81i SD
MORPHOLOGYLeaf colorLeaf color8 - (1 = light green, 9 = dark green)28LOLIUM.MULTIFLORUM.2002.YEAR1PI 449302 81i SD
MORPHOLOGYLeaf orientationOrientation of the leaf3 - (1 = drooping, 9 = erect) GRASS.1996.NELSONPI 449302 81i SD
MORPHOLOGYLeaf length in millimetersMeasurement in millimeters from the collar to the tip of one flag leaf on the tallest culm of each plant at maturity, while leaves are green. 10228LOLIUM.MULTIFLORUM.2002.YEAR1PI 449302 81i SD
PHENOLOGYBloom day - NumericNumeric day of the year when flowering begins (Approximately 50%)115 GRASS.1996.NELSONPI 449302 81i SD
PHENOLOGYBloom day - NumericNumeric day of the year when flowering begins (Approximately 50%)19428LOLIUM.MULTIFLORUM.2002.YEAR1PI 449302 81i SD
PRODUCTIONLeaf abundanceLeaf abundance evaluated at head stage indicating the relative amount of leaf material comparedto stem.4 - (1 = low proportion of leaves, 9 = high proportion of leaves) 28LOLIUM.MULTIFLORUM.2002.YEAR1PI 449302 81i SD
PRODUCTIONLeaf abundanceLeaf abundance evaluated at head stage indicating the relative amount of leaf material comparedto stem.5 - (1 = low proportion of leaves, 9 = high proportion of leaves)  GRASS.LEAFABUND.1990.CASLER.LOLIUMPI 449302 81i SD
PRODUCTIONLeaf abundanceLeaf abundance evaluated at head stage indicating the relative amount of leaf material comparedto stem.6 - (1 = low proportion of leaves, 9 = high proportion of leaves)  GRASS.1996.NELSONPI 449302 81i SD
STRESSWinter survivalWinter survival0 - No survival (0%)28LOLIUM.MULTIFLORUM.2002.YEAR2PI 449302 81i SD