Details for: Ames 2945, Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C. K. Schneid., 'K-2'


Summary Data
Taxonomy:
Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C. K. Schneid.
Cultivar:
'K-2'
Origin:
Collected – Kansas, United States
Received by NPGS:
17 May 1984
Improvement Status:
Clone
Form Received:
Plant
Life Cycle:
Perennial
Life Habit:
Tree
Availability
This accession is not available. Contact site for status.
 
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Core Passport Data
Taxonomy:
Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C. K. Schneid.
Cultivar:
'K-2'
Origin:
Collected – Kansas, United States
Received by NPGS:
17 May 1984
Improvement Status:
Clone
Form Received:
Plant
Life Cycle:
Perennial
Life Habit:
Tree
Source History
Collected
08 February 1978.
Kansas, United States
Locality: Collected in the vicinity of highway 81 including Sumner, Sedgwick and Harvey Counties.
Coordinates: 37.8122, -97.3351 (Map it)
Georeference protocol: Lat/Lon determined via Map location
Habitat: Other
Environment description: Roadside.
Number of plants sampled: 1
Comment: Collection coordinates represent general location based on notes written by Al Ferguson "along highway 81 between the Oklahoma border to Salina". Exact location is not known. Selection represents K-2.
Collector(s):
Donated
17 May 1984.
Iowa, United States

Donor(s):
NEAR 26 June 2020.
Iowa, United States

Donor(s):
01 July 2024.
Iowa, United States

Donor(s):
Accession Names and Identifiers
'K-2'
Type: Cultivar name

Ames 2945
Type: Site identifier
Group: AMES
NC-7 Research Numbers
USDA ARS NCRPIS

Narrative
The native range for Osage-orange is reported from eastern Texas, southeastern Oklahoma, southwestern Arkansas, and the northwestern corner of Louisiana (Little, 1971). Historically and presently known for its extreme value as bow-wood and fence posts, Osage-orange represents one of the most widely planted tree species in the lower 48 US states as a living fence starting in the mid-1800's, in the late 1900's as a landscape tree for difficult sites, and most recently it's chemical properties. Detailed history of Osage-orange and it's economic uses are well documented (Smith and Perino, 1981 and J. T. Winberry 1979). Osage wood is highly-prized for its use as fence posts (both living and non-living) and durable wood for wood working. Osage is an extremely drought and heat tolerant tree and is recommended for use in USDA cold-hardiness zones 5b or warmer. Although the species is commonly known for it's stout thorns and large, globular fruits, the species is dioecious and the degree of thorns on individual genotypes can be extremely variable. In the 1970's Al Ferguson (Iowa Arboretum) and John Pair (Kansas State University) evaluated select clones, typically thornless, male selections that were acquired across portions of the Midwest. This accession represents the clonal selection K-2. Based on notes by Ferguson, a total of "6 or 7 clones were collected in Kansas with three clones K-1, K-2, and K-3 selected for further evaluation" due to vigor and "relatively thornless" and "all male". A letter from Al Ferguson to John Pair in 1978, indicated "K-2 was the strongest grower" (comparison against K-1, K-2, and K-3). The first specimen of K-2 donated to NCRPIS was in 1984 by Al Ferguson. In 2006, the specimen was coppiced near the soil level to generate better wood for cutting collection. In 2024, this specimen was noted producing fruit (female) and thornless. Whether this 1984 specimen was incorrectly identified as male by Ferguson is one possibility, but other issues (e.g. propagation via rootstock suckers rather than K-2 scion; labeling mix-up; resprouting of rootstock following coppicing; etc.) may exist. In 2012, Andy Schmitz (Brenton Arboretum) propagated off the 1984 NCRPIS specimen via cuttings which resulted in propagules that formed numerous thorns. Later in 2020 and 2024, propagation by A. Schmitz was executed off a K-2 specimen located at the John C. Pair Horticultural Center, which did not develop thorns and specimens were subsequently donated to NCRPIS. Currently the 1984, 2020, and 2024 specimens are under further evaluation at NCRPIS.
Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C. K. Schneid.
Genus:
Maclura
Section:
Maclura
Family:
Moraceae
Tribe:
Chlorophoreae
Nomen number:

23061
Place of publication:

Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1:806. 1906
Verified:
05/23/1995 by ARS Systematic Botanists.
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Ioxylon pomiferum Raf.

Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
Englishbow-wood  1Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
Englishhedge-apple  1Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
Englishosage-orange  1Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Frenchbois d'arc  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Frenchmaclure épineux  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Frenchoranger des osages  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
GermanOsagedorn  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Portuguese (Brazil)laranja-osage  2Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Portuguese (Brazil)pau-d'arco  2Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Spanishmachura  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishmadera de arco  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishnaranjo de los osages  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Swedishcitrusmullbär  2Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
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