Details for: Ames 36028, Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C. K. Schneid., JDC/MP/2023/014/1046


Summary Data
Taxonomy:
Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C. K. Schneid.
Top Name:
JDC/MP/2023/014/1046
Origin:
Collected – Iowa, United States
Received by NPGS:
02 Nov 2022
Improvement Status:
Uncertain improvement status
Reproductive Uniformity:

Population
Form Received:
Seed
Life Cycle:
Perennial
Life Habit:
Tree
Availability
FormQuantityNoteInventoryCart
Seed100 countAmes 36028 22ncao01 SD
 
Images (3 total. Click on image for more.)

SEED

Core Passport Data
Taxonomy:
Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C. K. Schneid.
Top Name:
JDC/MP/2023/014/1046
Origin:
Collected – Iowa, United States
Received by NPGS:
02 Nov 2022
Improvement Status:
Uncertain improvement status
Reproductive Uniformity:

Population
Form Received:
Seed
Life Cycle:
Perennial
Life Habit:
Tree
Source History
Collected
02 November 2022.
Boone County, Iowa, United States
Locality: Located 8.0 miles northeast of Boone where Montgomery Creek crosses V Avenue, T85N R25W NW 1/4 SW 1/4 Sec. 34
Coordinates: 42.1291, -93.7551 (Map it)
Elevation: 295m.
Georeference protocol: Lat/lon determined by GPS
Habitat: Other
Environment description: Previously grazed pasture.
Number of plants sampled: 10
Associated species: Bromis inermis, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Gleditsia triacanthos, Celtis occidentalis, Prunus serotina, Rosa multiflora, Lonicera maackia, and Acer negundo.
Aspect: Southwest; Slope: 15
Comment: Specimens at time of collection (2 November) were still persisting on trees but starting to drop or would drop with minimal disturbance.
Collector(s):
Donated
02 November 2022.
Iowa, United States

Donor(s):
Accession Names and Identifiers
JDC/MP/2023/014/1046
Type: Collector identifier
Carstens, Jeffrey D. USDA, ARS, NCRPIS

Ames 36028
Type: Site identifier
Group: AMES
NC-7 Research Numbers

Narrative
The native range for Osage-orange is reported from eastern Texas, southeastern Oklahoma, southwestern Arkansas, and the northwestern corner of Louisiana (Little, 1971). Historically and presently known for its extreme value as bow-wood and fence posts, Osage-orange represents one of the most widely planted tree species in the lower 48 US states as a living fence starting in the mid-1800's, in the late 1900's as a landscape tree for difficult sites, and most recently it's chemical properties. Detailed history of Osage-orange and it's economic uses are well documented (Smith and Perino, 1981 and J. T. Winberry 1979). Osage wood is highly-prized for its use as fence posts (both living and non-living) and durable wood for wood working. Osage is an extremely drought and heat tolerant tree and is recommended for use in USDA cold-hardiness zones 5b or warmer. Although the species is commonly known for it's stout thorns and large, globular fruits, the species is dioecious and the degree of thorns on individual genotypes can be extremely variable. This accession represents genetics collected from a naturalized population in central Iowa (Boone County - Harrison Township). Majority of specimens sampled averaged approximately 40-45’ in height with multiple (e.g. 1-5) trunks. The collection site represents a recognized Iowa Century Farm awarded in 1976 that was originally settled by Andrew Nelson and then purchased on 24 October 1874 for the amount of $9.00 per acre by Lester S. Carlson. According to Samuel Keith Carlson (grandson to Lester S. Carlson), in the 1930's-1940's there was a fence line plus a few additional specimens of significant size that were possibly planted by Lester S. Carlson in the 1870's or the previous owner during "hedge mania" in the 1850's. In the 1950's the original trees at the Carlson farm were removed, but the progeny have persisted throughout the woods and adjacent pasture areas and continue to spread. A corner fence post of Osage that was set in 1874 by Lester S. Carlson shortly after purchasing the property still remains (see image). Majority of the specimens in this population are nearly thornless or with relatively few thorns. Fruit sizes range between 70-90 mm in diameter with seed lengths ranging from 6.99 (min) to 11.687 (max) with the average length of 50 seeds at 9.36 mm. At time of collection (2 November 2022) approximately 20% of specimens were at peak, yellow fall color, while remaining specimens were still green.
Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C. K. Schneid.
Genus:
Maclura
Section:
Maclura
Family:
Moraceae
Tribe:
Chlorophoreae
Nomen number:

23061
Place of publication:

Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1:806. 1906
Verified:
05/23/1995 by ARS Systematic Botanists.
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Ioxylon pomiferum Raf.

Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
Englishbow-wood  1Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
Englishhedge-apple  1Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
Englishosage-orange  1Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Frenchbois d'arc  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Frenchmaclure épineux  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Frenchoranger des osages  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
GermanOsagedorn  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Portuguese (Brazil)laranja-osage  2Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Portuguese (Brazil)pau-d'arco  2Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
Spanishmachura  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishmadera de arco  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishnaranjo de los osages  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Swedishcitrusmullbär  2Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
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Observations

Phenotype Data

CategoryDescriptorDescriptionValueSample SizeStudyInventoryAvailability
MORPHOLOGYSEED LENGTH POPULATIONLength of fruit (including pericarp) of a population (measured in mm).9.3650WOODY-ORNAMENTALS.MACLURA.SEEDSAmes 36028 22ncao01 SD