01 November 2022.
Newton County, Texas, United States
Locality: Low woodlands along the north side of Texas State Hwy 190 between the highway and an unnamed paved service road that leads down to the Sabine River; the turn for the service road is approximately 0.62 kilometers west of the Sabine River. Near the bridge over the Sabine River.
Coordinates: 30.7473, -93.6157
(Map it)
Elevation: 20m.
Georeference protocol: Lat/lon determined by GPS
Habitat: Wild Habitat
Environment description: Plants are growing in part-shade to shade of a moist mesic (occasionally temporarily wet) woodland. Ilex decidua can be in the low woods most of the way down to the river. Plant is a common understory shrub in the moist woodland habitat not far from the Sabine River. Soils: The underlying geology of this area is of Holocene origin and characterized as Alluvium. The alluvium and low terrace deposits along streams include sand, silt, clay, and gravel. Thickness is variable. In this case alluvium is from the Sabine River. (Source: USGS Texas Geologic Map Data). The primary soil types in the collection area are classified as Urbo and Mantachie soils. The Urbo series consists of deep, somewhat poorly drained soils. Permeability is very slow. These nearly level to gently sloping soils formed in clayey alluvium on flood plains of streams that drain uplands of the Southern Coastal Plain. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. In wet seasons late in winter and early in spring, the water table is at a depth of 1 to 2 feet and most areas of Urbo soils are subject to either occasional or frequent flooding of brief to long duration. The Mantachie series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained, moderately permeable soils on flood plains of the Southern Coastal Plain. They formed in loamy alluvium and considered acidic. Mantachie soils are subject to rare to frequent flooding in the winter and early spring for brief to long duration, unless protected. The seasonal high water table ranges from 1.0 to 1.5 feet of the surface during periods of high rainfall. (Source: NRCS Web Soil Survey).
Number of plants sampled: 15
Associated species: Carex sp.; Quercus nigra; Quercus laurifolia; Ulmus americana; Smilax sp.; Ilex vomitoria; Platanus occidentalis; Symphyotrichum sp.; Celtis pumila (listed as C. tenuifolia); Vitis sp.; Toxicodendron radicans; Nekemias arborea (listed as Ampelopsis arborea); Bignonia capreolata; Liquidambar styraciflua; Quercus falcata; Rubus sp.; Ulmus rubra; Betula nigra; Campsis radicans; Sambucus canadensis; Carex flaccosperma; Ilex opaca; Viburnum dentatum; Pinus taeda; Viburnum nudum; Morella cerifera; Quercus alba.
Comment: This species is a multi-stemmed dioecious, deciduous shrub forming an upright, spreading-arching habit in maturity. At maturity this shrub is approximately 3-5 meters tall x 3-8 meters wide. Leaves are simple, alternate, ovate to narrowly obovate, glabrous and green above, and pale beneath; size ranges from 3.0-7.5 cm long x 2.0–3.5 cm wide. Margins of leaves are shallowly toothed and often revolute. Fruits are berries on short stalks, 0.5-1.0 cm in diameter, reddish-orange to red in clusters of 2 to 4, ripening in the fall but may persist through the winter.
Collector(s):