Details for: PI 655308, Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris, EL-X4

Summary Data

Taxonomy:

Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris

Top Name:

EL-X4

Origin:

Developed – Michigan, United States

Maintained:

Western Regional PI Station

Received by NPGS:

03 Dec 2008

Improvement Status:

Breeding material

Form Received:

Seed

Life Form:

Biennial

Life Cycle:

Biennial

Backup Location:

National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation

Availability

This accession is not available. Contact site for status.

Western Regional PI Station

There are no images for this accession.

Core Passport Data

Taxonomy:

Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris

Top Name:

EL-X4

Origin:

Developed – Michigan, United States

Maintained:

Western Regional PI Station

Received by NPGS:

03 Dec 2008

Improvement Status:

Breeding material

Form Received:

Seed

Life Form:

Biennial

Life Cycle:

Biennial

Source History

Developed

PRE 2008.
Michigan, United States

Developer(s):

Mcgrath, J. Mitchell, USDA-ARS

Accession Names and Identifiers

EL-X4

Type: Developer identifier

Narrative

WB879, a wild Beta vulgaris spp. maritima accession (PI 540625) collected in 1989 on the coast of Brittany, France, was used as the wild beet donor germplasm in EL-X4. WB879 was used because its potential resistance to Aphanomyces diseases caused by Aphanomyces cochlioides by having a disease score of 1 (resistant) (rating system of 0-9 scale with 0 showing no symptoms and 9 being dead) in the 1994 Beta germplasm evaluation nursery. EL-X4 is not currently suitable for variety development since it still has many characteristics of wild materials, however it has some improvement in taproot characteristics relative to the wild accession. In 2003, EL-X4 was tested in the Shakopee Aphanomyces nursery and rated on a 1 (resistant) to 9 (susceptible) scale. The average rating of two Aphanomyces tolerant and two susceptible standards was 2.0 and 7.0, respectively (LSD(0.05)=1.83, average of two late readings), the sugar beet parent 6869 had score 5.5, and EL-X4 scored 3.8.

Beta vulgaris L. subspp. vulgaris

Genus:

Beta

Section:

Beta

Family:

Chenopodiaceae

Subfamily:

Betoideae

Tribe:

Beteae

Nomen number:

7057

Comment:

treated here to include Beta vulgaris Fodder Beet, Garden Beet, Leaf Beet, and Sugar Beet Groups

Verified:

03/24/2009 by ARS Systematic Botanists.

Other conspecific taxa

Beta vulgaris L. (23 active accession[s])
Beta vulgaris L. subsp. adanensis (Pamukç. ex Aellen) Ford-Lloyd & J. T. Williams (0 active accession[s])
Beta vulgaris L. subsp. maritima (L.) Arcang. (627 active accession[s])
Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla (0 active accession[s])

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Autonym(s)
Beta vulgaris L. f. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris L. var. vulgaris

Heterotypic Synonym(s)


Beta brasiliensis hort. ex Voss, nom. inval.
Beta chilensis hort.
Beta cicla (L.) L.
Beta vulgaris L. var.-gr. crassa Alef.
Beta altissima Steud.
Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla L.
Beta vulgaris L. subvar. flavescens DC.
Beta vulgaris L. f. rhodopleura (Alef.) Helm
Beta vulgaris L. var. saccharifera Alef.
Beta vulgaris L. var. altissima Döll
Beta vulgaris L. var. conditiva Alef.
Beta vulgaris L. var. flavescens (DC.) Mansf.
Beta vulgaris L. subsp. cicla (L.) Schübl. & G. Martens
Beta vulgaris L. var. rapacea W. D. J. Koch
Beta vulgaris L. var. rubra DC.

Common names

Language	Name	Alternate name	note	seq	Citation
English	beet			1	Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
English	beetroot			1	Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
English	field beet			1	1998. Federal Seed Act and Regulations, Agricultural and Vegetable Kind Lists, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch.
English	fodder beet			1	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
English	foliage beet		as Beta vulgaris var. cicla	1	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
English	garden beet			1	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
English	leaf beet		as Beta vulgaris var. cicla	1	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 2:1244. Note: as Beta vulgaris var. cicla
English	mangel			1	Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
English	mangold			1	Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
English	red beet			1	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
English	root beet			1	Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
English	Sicilian broad-rib beet		as Beta vulgaris var. flavescens	1	Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
English	spinach beet		as Beta vulgaris var. cicla	1	Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
English	spinach chard			1	FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
English	sugarbeet			1	Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
English	Swiss chard		as Beta vulgaris var. flavescens	1	Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
English	yellow beet			1	Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
Arabic	shamandar			2	Norton, J. et al. 2009. Illustrated checklist of the flora of Qatar.
Chinese	tian cai	甜菜		2	Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
French	betterave			2	Demilly, D. et al. 2001. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7 GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France.
French	betterave fourragère			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French	betterave jaune			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French	betterave potagère			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French	betterave rouge			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French	betterave sucrière			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French	poirée à carde		as Beta vulgaris var. flavescens	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants Note: as Beta vulgaris subvar. flavescens
French	poirée à couper		as Beta vulgaris var. cicla	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French	poirée bette			2	Demilly, D. et al. 2001. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7 GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France.
German	Blatt-Mangold		as Beta vulgaris var. cicla	2	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 2:1244. Note: as Beta vulgaris var. cicla
German	Futterrübe			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
German	mangel Wurzel			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
German	Mangold		as Beta vulgaris var. cicla	2	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 2:1244. Note: as Beta vulgaris var. cicla
German	römische Bete		as Beta vulgaris var. flavescens	2	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 2:1244. Note: lists as Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla var. flavescens as Beta vulgaris subvar. flavescens
German	rote Bete			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
German	rote Rübe			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
German	Runkelrübe			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
German	Schnittmangold		as Beta vulgaris var. cicla	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
German	Stielmangold		as Beta vulgaris var. flavescens	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants Note: as Beta vulgaris subvar. flavescens
German	Zuckerrübe			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Italian	barbabietola			2	International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
Italian	barbabietola da foraggio			2	International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
Italian	barbabietola da zucchero			2	International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
Italian	bietola da coste			2	International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
Italian	bietola da orto			2	International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
Portuguese	acelga		as Beta vulgaris var. cicla	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Portuguese	beterraba			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Portuguese	beterraba-açucareira			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Portuguese	beterraba-forrageira			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Portuguese	beterraba-sacarina			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	acelga		as Beta vulgaris var. cicla	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	acelga cardo		as Beta vulgaris var. flavescens	2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	betarraga azucarera			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	betarraga forrajera			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	remolacha amarilla			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	remolacha azucarera			2	Office of the Union. 2009. UPOV: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. List of the taxa protected by the members of the Union
Spanish	remolacha colorada			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	remolacha de mesa			2	Office of the Union. 2009. UPOV: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. List of the taxa protected by the members of the Union
Spanish	remolacha forrajera			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish	remolacha roja			2	Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Swedish	beta			2	Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Transcribed Korean	geundae			2	Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:84.

Annotations

Observations

Phenotype Data

Category	Descriptor	Description	Value	Sample Size	Study	Inventory	Availability
MORPHOLOGY	Seed weight 100	Weight of 100 seeds in grams.	1.539		SUGARBEET.SEEDWEIGHT.WRPIS	PI 655308 2009o SD	Not Available
PRODUCTION	Type of Beet	General growth type and/or use type	SUGAR - Used for sucrose production		For a Excel file(xlsx) of this data Beta vulgaris sp vulgaris TYPE evaluation 2016 Date: 12/28/2016 Every accession in the Beta vulgaris sp vulgaris collection (1,816 accessions) as of 12/28/2016 was given a TYPE designation based on previous evaluation data, passport data, information from the International Database for Beta (managed by the IPK, Germany) or other information found on the internet. In the accompanying Excel spreadsheet the source used to assign TYPE is given (data source 1 and data source 2). The following is information on the data sources: Table Beet evaluation 2013 - conducted at Central Ferry, WA by the Beta curator and technician. Evaluated 140 accessions previously designated as table beet. Images of plants, dug roots and cut roots were taken. USDA Release list - Panella L., Campbell, L.G., Eujayl, I.A., Lewellen, R.T., and McGrath, J.M. USDA-ARS Sugarbeet Releases and Breeding Over the Past 20 Years. Journal of Sugar Beet Research Vol. 52 Nos. 3 & 4, 7/28/2016. This article incorporates USDA-ARS sugarbeet releases listed in Doney’s 1995 paper. (Doney, D.L. 1995b. USDA-ARS sugarbeet releases. J. Sugar Beet Res.32:229-257.) Passport data - passport data (on the web () or in the Plant Inventory Books. For a small number of accessions, little pieces of information in the Plant Inventory Book were not entered into the database. Evaluation data - data from CGC(formerly known as CAC) funded evaluations and other studies. The year the evaluation(s) was conducted is listed. Topname - the topname is the primary name associated with the accession. If it was used to designate TYPE, it is a known cultivar name (eg Huntley Chard, Ohio Canner). Images - if images were used to help determine TYPE the year the image was taken is listed. All images are in GRIN-Global database I followed the TYPE classification as described by Lange et al in Taxonomy and cultonomy of Beet, 1999 (see below for definitions) with the exception that garden beets are called table beet. For some accessions, there was only enough information to come close to a TYPE assignment. For example, an accession has large swollen hypocotyls but there is no cultivar name or sucrose content data. We know it is not a leaf or table beet but don’t have enough information to determine if it is a fodder or sugar beet. Accessions with this kind of information were assigned the TYPE of other. There is a large group of accessions with no or little passport data and no or little evaluation data that indicated a TYPE. These accessions were given the TYPE of unknown. As more regenerations and evaluations are done with these accessions a TYPE will be assigned. In addition to the above TYPE designations an accessions was assigned the TYPE of wild if it was collected from a wild population or if in an evaluation it was determined it did not fit the definitions of the cultivated beets. Information on the data source(s) used and notes regarding TYPE are displayed in GRIN-Global concatenated under the column heading "Observation details" in the following format: Type notes(if present). data source 1; data source 2; data source 3. This project was undertaken because not all the Beta vulgaris sp vulgaris accessions in the collection had a TYPE designation. This was true even for recent sugar beet cultivars. The addition of a TYPE assignment for all the B.v. sp vulgaris accessions will aid in the management and utilization of the collection. It is acknowledged that assigning a TYPE based on passport information rather than evaluation data (data collected from the actual material in the collection) is not ideal. If discrepancies are found between this TYPE data and plants derived from actual material for an accession, the user community is encouraged to contact the NPGS Beta curator. From : LANGE, W., BRANDENBURG, W. A., & BOCK, T. S. D. (1999). Taxonomy and cultonomy of beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 130(1), 81-96. Leaf beet group (includes chard-large mid-rib, spinach beet. swollen hypocotyls and/or roots are absent or small ). Garden beet group (dense swollen hypocotyls, used for vegetable, color can range from white to deep red) Fodder beet group (large hypocotyls and root, color doesn’t matter, used as fodder or forage) Sugar beet group (used for sugar extraction, swollen part mainly root tissue) ">SUGARBEET.TYPE.2016.HELLIER		Not Available

Category

Descriptor

Description

Value

Sample Size

Study

Inventory

Availability

MORPHOLOGY

Seed weight 100

Weight of 100 seeds in grams.

1.539

SUGARBEET.SEEDWEIGHT.WRPIS

PI 655308 2009o SD

Not Available

PRODUCTION

Type of Beet

General growth type and/or use type

SUGAR - Used for sucrose production

For a Excel file(xlsx) of this data

Beta vulgaris sp vulgaris TYPE evaluation 2016 Date: 12/28/2016

Every accession in the Beta vulgaris sp vulgaris collection (1,816 accessions) as of 12/28/2016 was given a TYPE designation based on previous evaluation data, passport data, information from the International Database for Beta (managed by the IPK, Germany) or other information found on the internet. In the accompanying Excel spreadsheet the source used to assign TYPE is given (data source 1 and data source 2). The following is information on the data sources:

Table Beet evaluation 2013 - conducted at Central Ferry, WA by the Beta curator and technician. Evaluated 140 accessions previously designated as table beet. Images of plants, dug roots and cut roots were taken.

USDA Release list - Panella L., Campbell, L.G., Eujayl, I.A., Lewellen, R.T., and McGrath, J.M. USDA-ARS Sugarbeet Releases and Breeding Over the Past 20 Years. Journal of Sugar Beet Research Vol. 52 Nos. 3 & 4, 7/28/2016. This article incorporates USDA-ARS sugarbeet releases listed in Doney’s 1995 paper. (Doney, D.L. 1995b. USDA-ARS sugarbeet releases. J. Sugar Beet Res.32:229-257.)

Passport data - passport data (on the web () or in the Plant Inventory Books. For a small number of accessions, little pieces of information in the Plant Inventory Book were not entered into the database.

Evaluation data - data from CGC(formerly known as CAC) funded evaluations and other studies. The year the evaluation(s) was conducted is listed.

Topname - the topname is the primary name associated with the accession. If it was used to designate TYPE, it is a known cultivar name (eg Huntley Chard, Ohio Canner).

Images - if images were used to help determine TYPE the year the image was taken is listed. All images are in GRIN-Global database

I followed the TYPE classification as described by Lange et al in Taxonomy and cultonomy of Beet, 1999 (see below for definitions) with the exception that garden beets are called table beet. For some accessions, there was only enough information to come close to a TYPE assignment. For example, an accession has large swollen hypocotyls but there is no cultivar name or sucrose content data. We know it is not a leaf or table beet but don’t have enough information to determine if it is a fodder or sugar beet. Accessions with this kind of information were assigned the TYPE of other.

There is a large group of accessions with no or little passport data and no or little evaluation data that indicated a TYPE. These accessions were given the TYPE of unknown. As more regenerations and evaluations are done with these accessions a TYPE will be assigned.

In addition to the above TYPE designations an accessions was assigned the TYPE of wild if it was collected from a wild population or if in an evaluation it was determined it did not fit the definitions of the cultivated beets.

Information on the data source(s) used and notes regarding TYPE are displayed in GRIN-Global concatenated under the column heading "Observation details" in the following format: Type notes(if present). data source 1; data source 2; data source 3.

This project was undertaken because not all the Beta vulgaris sp vulgaris accessions in the collection had a TYPE designation. This was true even for recent sugar beet cultivars. The addition of a TYPE assignment for all the B.v. sp vulgaris accessions will aid in the management and utilization of the collection. It is acknowledged that assigning a TYPE based on passport information rather than evaluation data (data collected from the actual material in the collection) is not ideal. If discrepancies are found between this TYPE data and plants derived from actual material for an accession, the user community is encouraged to contact the NPGS Beta curator.

From : LANGE, W., BRANDENBURG, W. A., & BOCK, T. S. D. (1999). Taxonomy and cultonomy of beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 130(1), 81-96.

Leaf beet group (includes chard-large mid-rib, spinach beet. swollen hypocotyls and/or roots are absent or small ).

Garden beet group (dense swollen hypocotyls, used for vegetable, color can range from white to deep red)

Fodder beet group (large hypocotyls and root, color doesn’t matter, used as fodder or forage) Sugar beet group (used for sugar extraction, swollen part mainly root tissue)

">SUGARBEET.TYPE.2016.HELLIER

Not Available