Details for: PI 433228, Amaranthus cruentus L., 2


Summary Data
Taxonomy:
Amaranthus cruentus L.
Top Name:
2
Origin:
Collected – Chimaltenango, Guatemala
Received by NPGS:
Dec 1978
PI Assigned:
1979
Improvement Status:
Landrace
Form Received:
Seed
Life Form:
Annual
Life Cycle:
Annual
Availability
FormQuantityNoteInventoryCart
Seed200 countPI 433228 97ncai01 SD
 
Images (2 total. Click on image for more.)

GREENHOUSE

Core Passport Data
Taxonomy:
Amaranthus cruentus L.
Top Name:
2
Origin:
Collected – Chimaltenango, Guatemala
Received by NPGS:
Dec 1978
PI Assigned:
1979
Improvement Status:
Landrace
Form Received:
Seed
Life Form:
Annual
Life Cycle:
Annual
Source History
Collected
PRE December 1978.
Chimaltenango, Guatemala
Locality: Near San Martin Jilotepeques, Chimaltenango. Latitude 14 de g. 39' N
Elevation: 2000m.
Comment: Longitude not recorded, so GRIN does not allow entry of the known latitude.
Collector(s):
Donated
December 1978.
Tennessee, United States

Donor(s):
Accession Names and Identifiers
2
Type: Donor identifier
Jordan, Darryl Plenty

Cr042
Type: Other or unclassified name
Used in publications by a research group at the University of Hong Kong. Listed in the Ph. D. thesis by Huaixiang Wu, 1998. Development of grain Amaranthus as a starch crop in China
Corke, Harold University of Hong Kong

Narrative
The seed is smaller and duller in color than other white seeded types.
Amaranthus cruentus L.
Genus:
Amaranthus
Subgenus:
Amaranthus
Family:
Amaranthaceae
Nomen number:

70070
Place of publication:

Syst. nat. ed. 10, 2:1269. 1759
Verified:
02/04/2003 by ARS Systematic Botanists.
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Homotypic Synonym(s)
Amaranthus hybridus L. subsp. cruentus (L.) Thell.

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Amaranthus chlorostachys Willd.
Amaranthus flavus L.
Amaranthus paniculatus L.

Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
EnglishAfrican-spinach  1Costea, M. et al. 2001. Preliminary results toward a revision of the Amaranthus hybridus species complex (Amaranthaceae). Sida 19:945-949.
Englishblood amaranth  1FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
Englishbush greens  1Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Englishcaterpillar amaranth  1FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
EnglishIndian-spinach  1PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Englishpanicled amaranth  1Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
Englishpurple amaranth  1Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Englishred amaranth  1Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Englishred shank  1Jessop, J. P. & H. R. Toelken, eds. 1986. Flora of South Australia, ed. 4.
EnglishSudan-spinach  1Costea, M. et al. 2001. Preliminary results toward a revision of the Amaranthus hybridus species complex (Amaranthaceae). Sida 19:945-949.
Englishwild amaranth  1Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
Chineselao ya gu老鸦谷 2Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Frenchamarante  2PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Frenchamarante étalée  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Frenchqueue de renard  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
GermanRispenfuchsschwanz  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Germanrispiger Fuchsschwanz  2Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen 2:1197.
Portugueseamaranto  2PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Portuguesebredo  2PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
Spanishachita  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishbledo  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish (Mexico)quintonil  2Lira, R. et al., eds. 2016. Ethnobotany of Mexico Springer, New York, US. 114-115.
Swedishblodamarant  2Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Annotations
Other Links
Actions
Pathogens
Vouchers
Herbarium specimen
  • USDA ARS NCRPIS. Located at NA. Identifier: PI 433228. Inventory sample: PI 433228.
Citations
  • Baturaygil, A. & K. Schmid. 2022. Characterization of flowering time in genebank accessions of grain amaranths and their wild relatives reveals signatures of domestication and local adaptation. Agron. Open Access 12(2):505. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12020505. Number of accessions cited: 250
  • Blair M.W., J.M. Londoño, M.A. Buitrago-Bitar, X. Wu, & D.M. Brenner. 2023. Differentiation of Andean and Mesoamerican accessions in a proposed core collection of grain amaranths. Front. Plant Sci. 14:1144681. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1144681. Note: The accessions are not listed in the publication but were provided separately by the authors. Number of accessions cited: 203
  • Cai, Y., M. Sun, H. Wu, R. Huang, & H. Corke. 1998. Characterization and quantification of betacyanin pigments from diverse Amaranthus species. J. Agric. Food Chem. 46:2063-2070. Number of accessions cited: 29
  • Lehmann, J. W., R. L. Clark, & K. J. Frey. 1991. Biomass heterosis and combining ability in interspecific and intraspecific matings of grain Amaranthus. Crop Sci. (Madison) 31:1111-1116. Note: M''2 Number of accessions cited: 31
  • Rangarajan, A., W. A. Choweth, J. F. Kelly, & K. M. Agee. 1998. Iron Bioavailability from Amaranthus Species: 2 - Evaluation using Haemoglobin Repletion in Anaemic Rats. J. Sci. Food Agric. 78:274-280. Number of accessions cited: 3
  • Stetter, M. G. & K. J. Schmid. 2017. Analysis of phylogenetic relationships and genome size evolution of the Amaranthus genus using GBS indicates the ancestors of an ancient crop. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 109:80–92. Number of accessions cited: 71
  • Stetter, M. G., M. Vidal-Villarejo, & K. J. Schmid. 2020. Parallel seed color adaptation during multiple domestication attempts of an ancient New World grain. Molec. Biol. Evol. 37(5):1407-1419. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz304. Number of accessions cited: 117
  • Wu, Xinbo & M. W. Blair. 2017. Diversity in grain amaranths and relatives distinguished by genotyping by sequencing (GBS). Front. Plant Sci. 8:1960. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01960. Number of accessions cited: 94
Pedigree

Observations

Phenotype Data

CategoryDescriptorDescriptionValueSample SizeStudyInventoryAvailability
CHEMICALSEED STARCH TYPETHE PERCENT OF OPAQUE PERISPERM SEEDS, WHICH STAIN REDISH-BROWN WITH IODINE, OR OBSERVED THROUGH LIGHT COLORED SEED COATS. A LOW PERCENT OPAQUE INDICATES A HIGH PERCENT TRANSLUCENT. REFERENCE: OKUNO AND SAKAGUCHI 1982 HEREDITY 73:467.  AMARANTH.AMES.SEED.1997PI 433228 80ncai01 SDNot Available
GROWTHGROWTH HABITGROWTH HABIT (USES THE IPGRI SYSTEM)1 - ERECT AMARANTH.AMES.1990PI 433228 80ncai01 SDNot Available
GROWTHGROWTH HABITGROWTH HABIT (USES THE IPGRI SYSTEM)1 - ERECT135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
GROWTHPLANT HEIGHTTHE HEIGHT OF ADULT PLANTS OR OF NON-FLOWERING PLANTS AT THE END OF THE GROWING SEASON. MEASURED IN CENTIMETERS FROM THE GROUND TO THE INFLORESCENCE TOP.100 AMARANTH.AMES.1990PI 433228 80ncai01 SDNot Available
GROWTHPLANT HEIGHTTHE HEIGHT OF ADULT PLANTS OR OF NON-FLOWERING PLANTS AT THE END OF THE GROWING SEASON. MEASURED IN CENTIMETERS FROM THE GROUND TO THE INFLORESCENCE TOP.18028AMARANTH.AMES.2012.FIELDPI 433228 97ncai01 SD
MORPHOLOGYSEED ABSCISIONABSCISION ZONES OF SEED HOLDING UTRICLES AT MATURITY.EQ - UTRICLE SPLITS AT THE EQUATOR28AMARANTH.AMES.2012.FIELDPI 433228 97ncai01 SD
MORPHOLOGYADULT STEM COLORADULT STEM COLORPB - PINK BASE BUT GREEN STEM AMARANTH.AMES.1990PI 433228 80ncai01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYADULT STEM COLORADULT STEM COLORRB - RED OR DARKER BASE BUT GREEN STEM135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYADULT STEM COLORADULT STEM COLORRB - RED OR DARKER BASE BUT GREEN STEM (100%) AMARANTH.AMES.2012.FIELDPI 433228 97ncai01 SD
MORPHOLOGYBLADE PIGMENTATIONBLADE PIGMENTATION, MOST CLEAR BEFORE FLOWERING. IT DOES NOT INCLUDE THE PIGMENTATION OF SENESCENT LEAVES OR THE IRIDESCENT PURPLE COLOR UNDER SOME JUVENILE OR NEW LEAVES.GN - NORMAL GREEN AMARANTH.AMES.1990PI 433228 80ncai01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYBLADE PIGMENTATIONBLADE PIGMENTATION, MOST CLEAR BEFORE FLOWERING. IT DOES NOT INCLUDE THE PIGMENTATION OF SENESCENT LEAVES OR THE IRIDESCENT PURPLE COLOR UNDER SOME JUVENILE OR NEW LEAVES.GN - NORMAL GREEN (100%)28AMARANTH.AMES.2012.FIELDPI 433228 97ncai01 SD
MORPHOLOGYBLADE PIGMENTATIONBLADE PIGMENTATION, MOST CLEAR BEFORE FLOWERING. IT DOES NOT INCLUDE THE PIGMENTATION OF SENESCENT LEAVES OR THE IRIDESCENT PURPLE COLOR UNDER SOME JUVENILE OR NEW LEAVES.RD - ENTIRE LAMINA AMARANTHINE (PURPLE TO PINK) (100%)135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYBRANCHING INDEXBRANCHING INDEX (USES IPGRI SYSTEM)1 - NO BRANCHES AMARANTH.AMES.1990PI 433228 80ncai01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYBRANCHING INDEXBRANCHING INDEX (USES IPGRI SYSTEM)1 - NO BRANCHES135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYFLOWER COLORFLOWER COLORGR - GREEN AMARANTH.AMES.1990PI 433228 80ncai01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYFLOWER COLORFLOWER COLORGR - GREEN135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYFLOWER COLORFLOWER COLORRED - DARK AMARANTHINE, DARKER THAN RHS RED-PURPLE 62B (RED OR PURPLE)135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYINFLORESCENCE DENSITYINFLORESCENCE DENSITY (IPGRI SYSTEM)7 - (1 = LAX, 9 = DENSE)135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYINFLORESCENCE SHAPEINFLORESCENCE SHAPE (MODIFIED IPGRI SYSTEM)LB - LONG SIDE BRANCHES, GREATER THAN 1/4 THE INFLORESCENCE LENGTH135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYINFLORESCENCE SHAPEINFLORESCENCE SHAPE (MODIFIED IPGRI SYSTEM)SB - SHORT SIDE BRANCHES, 1/4 OR SHORTER THAN THE INFLORESCENCE LENGTH (INCLUDES SOME MANY-STEMMED WEEDS) (100%)28AMARANTH.AMES.2012.FIELDPI 433228 97ncai01 SD
MORPHOLOGYMARBLED INFLORESCENCEINFLORESCENCE ON ANY OF THE PLANTS MARBLED, SO GROUPS OF FLOWERS HAVE CONTRASTING COLORS (OCCASIONAL ON A. cruentus).MARB - PRESENT135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYPETIOLE PIGMENTATIONPETIOLE PIGMENTATION (MODIFIED IPGRI SYSTEM)GN - GREEN AMARANTH.AMES.1990PI 433228 80ncai01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYPETIOLE PIGMENTATIONPETIOLE PIGMENTATION (MODIFIED IPGRI SYSTEM)GN - GREEN135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYPETIOLE PIGMENTATIONPETIOLE PIGMENTATION (MODIFIED IPGRI SYSTEM)GN - GREEN (100%)28AMARANTH.AMES.2012.FIELDPI 433228 97ncai01 SD
MORPHOLOGYSEED COLORSEED COLOR frequencyWH - WHITE SEED COAT, RHS ORANGE-WHITE 159A (100%) AMARANTH.AMES.SEED.1997PI 433228 80ncai01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYSEED SHAPESEED SHAPERB - ROUND, WITH ROUNDED BULGING PERISPERM (100%) AMARANTH.AMES.SEED.1997PI 433228 80ncai01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYSEX TYPESEX TYPE (MODIFIED IPGRI SYSTEM)MIX - MONECIOUS WITH MALE AND FEMALE FLOWERS MIXED IN GLOMERULES135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
MORPHOLOGYTERMINAL INFLORESCENCETERMINAL INFLORESCENCE ATTITUDE1 - ERECT28AMARANTH.AMES.2012.FIELDPI 433228 97ncai01 SD
MORPHOLOGYTERMINAL INFLORESCENCETERMINAL INFLORESCENCE ATTITUDE5 - HORIZONTAL, HALF DROOP, OR ARCH SHAPED WITH THE MIDDLE OR TERMINAL THIRD HORIZONTAL135AMARANTH.AMES.1997PI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
PHENOLOGYADAPTATION FOR SEED MATURITYTHE SEED MATURITY BEFORE FROST.FULL - MORE THAN 90% OF THE PLANTS MATURED A HEALTHY SEED CROP28AMARANTH.AMES.2012.FIELDPI 433228 97ncai01 SD
PRODUCTIONHUNDRED SEED WEIGHTTHE WEIGHT IN GRAMS OF 100 SEEDS. TAKEN FROM THE HUNDRED SEED WEIGHTS IN THE GRIN INVENTORY..04 NC7.INVENTORY.BRENNERPI 433228 79ncpo01 SDNot Available
PRODUCTIONHUNDRED SEED WEIGHTTHE WEIGHT IN GRAMS OF 100 SEEDS. TAKEN FROM THE HUNDRED SEED WEIGHTS IN THE GRIN INVENTORY..047 NC7.INVENTORY.BRENNERPI 433228 80ncai01 SDNot Available
PRODUCTIONHUNDRED SEED WEIGHTTHE WEIGHT IN GRAMS OF 100 SEEDS. TAKEN FROM THE HUNDRED SEED WEIGHTS IN THE GRIN INVENTORY..05 NC7.INVENTORY.BRENNERPI 433228 97ncai01 SD